ꯌꯥꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄ
ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯏꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯥꯔꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯟꯌꯨꯑꯦꯕꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯇꯔꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ: ꯎꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ-ꯂꯥꯡꯊꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯧꯎ-ꯁꯤꯡꯎꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯒꯦꯝ ꯁꯥ-ꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ, ꯎꯃꯪꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯏꯇꯦꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯗꯥꯏꯕꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯃꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯏꯀꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯆꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯒꯥ, ꯇꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯁꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯟꯖꯔꯕꯦꯁꯟ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ, ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯣꯅꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯤꯖꯃꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤꯖ, ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯁꯨ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫[꯲]
ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯏꯇꯦꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁꯣꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯐꯤꯁꯔꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯏꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯏꯇꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯛ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯎ-ꯁꯤꯡꯎ, ꯎꯃꯪ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯎ-ꯁꯤꯡꯎ, ꯑꯦꯛꯕꯤꯐꯔ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯁ ꯃꯣꯅꯤꯇꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯏꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯏꯅꯠꯔꯣꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯦꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯔꯕꯤꯑꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫[꯳][꯴][꯵]
ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
[ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯨ | ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ]- ↑ Kenneth T. Frank; Brian Petrie; Jae S. Choi; William C. Leggett (2005). "Trophic Cascades in a Formerly Cod-Dominated Ecosystem". Science. 308 (5728): 1621–1623. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1621F. doi:10.1126/science.1113075. PMID 15947186.
- ↑ http://www.unc.edu/courses/2006spring/geog/144/001/www/readings/wilcove2.pdf
- ↑ Oxford. (1996). Oxford Dictionary of Biology. Oxford University Press.
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130527164824/http://www.esf.edu/efb/gibbs/efb413/moa.pdf
- ↑ Tennyson, A.; Martinson, P. (2006). Extinct Birds of New Zealand. Wellington, New Zealand: Te Papa Press. ISBN 978-0-909010-21-8.