REGIO. Kisebbség, Kultúra, Politika, Társadalom, 2023/3. 191-201., 2023
Lavinia Betea monográfiájának recenziója (Betea, Lavinia: Ceauşescu şi epoca sa [Ceauşescu és kor... more Lavinia Betea monográfiájának recenziója (Betea, Lavinia: Ceauşescu şi epoca sa [Ceauşescu és kora]. Cuvânt către cititor de Ioan-Aurel Pop. Bucureşti: Corint Istorie autori români, 2021. 828 oldal)
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Bukaresti Rádió, 2022. december 1-jei különkiadás.
Riporter: Borbély Tamás.
Books by Béni L. Balogh
while administrative practices and majority-minority relations are treated only in passing. In my research I have sought to draw upon the broadest possible range of sources, including material in the
Hungarian and Romanian archives, diplomatic documents (where available), the works of Hungarian and foreign historians, press articles, and the memoirs and recollections of participants in the events.
Papers by Béni L. Balogh
Kisebbségben, tehát 1920-ig szinte minden energiáját az erdélyi románok nemzeti felszabadítására, majd a párizsi békekonferencia résztvevőjeként Erdély Romániához csatolására fordította. Többségi helyzetbe kerülve sokszor kiismerhetetlen, ellentmondásos módon viszonyult a kisebbségi kérdéshez. Állásfoglalásai az éppen aktuális politikai helyzet és saját pillanatnyi érdekei függvényében változtak, ami nagyfokú opportunizmusra vallott. Igaz, a kisebbségek erőszakos asszimilációját mindig elvetette, ez azonban kevés volt ahhoz, hogy jól végiggondolt, következetes és toleráns elvi magatartásról beszélhessünk.
In the Service of the People? Nicolae Ceauşescu, the “Wise Leader”
Keywords: Nicolae Ceauşescu, Romania, neo-stalinist regime Nicolae Ceauşescu was Romania’s primary leader for almost a quarter century. He established a dictatorial, neo-Stalinist regime, striving for total control over society. He built an excessive cult of personality around himself and aimed to implement a “dynastic” communism akin to that of North Korea. He staunchly rejected all internal reform efforts while pursuing a
“separate path” in foreign policy within the Eastern Bloc. During the 1989 anti-communist revolution in Romania, he was stripped of his power and subsequently executed. How did the former shoemaker’s apprentice become a communist revolutionary? To what extent was his life path determined by his inherent, childhood, and adolescent personality traits, what was his family background, and how did he undergo the process of socialization? How did he ascend to the pinnacle of power? What do we know about his long reign and subsequent ignominious downfall? In my study, I primarily seek to answer these questions.
Bukaresti Rádió, 2022. december 1-jei különkiadás.
Riporter: Borbély Tamás.
while administrative practices and majority-minority relations are treated only in passing. In my research I have sought to draw upon the broadest possible range of sources, including material in the
Hungarian and Romanian archives, diplomatic documents (where available), the works of Hungarian and foreign historians, press articles, and the memoirs and recollections of participants in the events.
Kisebbségben, tehát 1920-ig szinte minden energiáját az erdélyi románok nemzeti felszabadítására, majd a párizsi békekonferencia résztvevőjeként Erdély Romániához csatolására fordította. Többségi helyzetbe kerülve sokszor kiismerhetetlen, ellentmondásos módon viszonyult a kisebbségi kérdéshez. Állásfoglalásai az éppen aktuális politikai helyzet és saját pillanatnyi érdekei függvényében változtak, ami nagyfokú opportunizmusra vallott. Igaz, a kisebbségek erőszakos asszimilációját mindig elvetette, ez azonban kevés volt ahhoz, hogy jól végiggondolt, következetes és toleráns elvi magatartásról beszélhessünk.
In the Service of the People? Nicolae Ceauşescu, the “Wise Leader”
Keywords: Nicolae Ceauşescu, Romania, neo-stalinist regime Nicolae Ceauşescu was Romania’s primary leader for almost a quarter century. He established a dictatorial, neo-Stalinist regime, striving for total control over society. He built an excessive cult of personality around himself and aimed to implement a “dynastic” communism akin to that of North Korea. He staunchly rejected all internal reform efforts while pursuing a
“separate path” in foreign policy within the Eastern Bloc. During the 1989 anti-communist revolution in Romania, he was stripped of his power and subsequently executed. How did the former shoemaker’s apprentice become a communist revolutionary? To what extent was his life path determined by his inherent, childhood, and adolescent personality traits, what was his family background, and how did he undergo the process of socialization? How did he ascend to the pinnacle of power? What do we know about his long reign and subsequent ignominious downfall? In my study, I primarily seek to answer these questions.
The end of the First World War found Romania at the side of the winners, while Hungary was at the side of the losers. At the end of 1918, early 1919, the Allied powers recognized Romania as their ally, which also decided the fate of Transylvania. A debate emerged at the Peace Conference about the precise delineation of the border, i.e. regarding the assessment of the inordinate territorial claims of the Romanian party. First of all, it had to be decided to what extent the ethnic principle was to be applied and what the role of strategic, economic and transportation aspects should be. These issues were at the forefront of Romanian-Yugoslavian territorial committee’s meetings in February and March 1919. The American delegation had the most favorable position toward the Hungarians, recommending the easternmost border, while the French proposed the westernmost alternative. The British have put forward an intermediary solution, while the Italians did not clarify heir position. The territorial committee established the new Hungarian-Romanian border on 18 March 1919, followed by the Council of Four on 12 June 1919. Their solution was adopted by the Treaty of Trianon, signed on 4 June 1920. The new border was somewhat less favorable from the Romanian and slightly more advantageous from the Hungarian perspective, compared to the provisions of the secret Bucharest treaty from 1916. Romania received 83.8 thousand square kilometers of the demanded 93.2 thousand square kilometers of land in Transylvania and in the Partium region, amounting to 10% (almost 10 thousand square kilometers) less than it demanded. Romania also received, in addition, two thirds of the Banat (19.7 thousand square kilometers), in total 103 thousand square kilometers from the territories of historical Hungary. According to the data of the 1910 Hungarian population census, these areas were inhabited by 5 million 257 thousand people, 31.6% (1.6 million) of them Hungarian speakers.