Pakistan is at 12th number in the rank of rice production countries. Along with the production of... more Pakistan is at 12th number in the rank of rice production countries. Along with the production of 4,500 thousand metric tons of rice enormous quantity of rice husk is left as waste. Light weight thermal insulating material was prepared from rice husk. Epoxy resin was used as a binder and was mixed with rice husk to give it strength, the sample was compressed at 7000 psi to produce cylindrical shape block. The thermal conductivity of the sample A, B, C and D of thickness 1, 2, 3 and 4 cm respectively was measured 0.0241, 0.0240, 0.239 and 0.0219 watts/m-k, which was lower than the common mortar by 51.74%, therefore it could be used in buildings and roof as an insulating material. This would be a suitable alternative which would not only save energy but also solve the environmental disposal problems as well. The results are very promising and we hope insulation material prepared would be useable in hot climate regions like Pakistan in buildings to prevent heat transfer.
... Membrane Prepared by Water or Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Ternary Formulation 3 Nurmin Bolong, Ah... more ... Membrane Prepared by Water or Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Ternary Formulation 3 Nurmin Bolong, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, and Mohd ... Radhe Shyam Thakur 3 Characterizations of Newly Developed Bacterial Cellulose–Chitosan Membrane with Pyrroline Siti Nur Hidayah Mohamad ...
This paper presents the results of preliminary assessment of water quality along the coastal area... more This paper presents the results of preliminary assessment of water quality along the coastal areas in the vicinity of Left Bank Outfall Drainage (LBOD) and Tidal Link Drain (TLD) in Sindh province after the cyclone 2A occurred in 1999. The water samples were collected from various RDs of Tidal Link Drain and lakes during September 2001 to April 2002 and were analysed for salinity, nitrite, phosphate, ammonia, silicate and suspended material in water. The results of the study showed considerable variations in water quality depending upon the location along the coast in the vicinity of LBOD and RDs. The salinity ranged between 4.39-65.25 ppt in Tidal Link Drain samples whereas 2.4-38.05 ppt in samples collected from lakes. The values of suspended material at various RDs of Tidal Link Drain ranged between 56.6-2134 ppm and at the lakes between 68-297 ppm. The data of continuous monitoring at RD-93 showed the range of PO 4 (8.6-25.2 µg/l), SiO 3 (554.96-1462 µg/l), NO 2 (0.557.2-25.2 µg/l) and NH 3 (9.38-23.62 µg/l). The concentration of nutrients in water samples collected from different RDs was found in the range of PO 4 (10.85 to 11.47 µg/l), SiO 3 (1624 to 2635.08 µg/l), NO 2 (20.38 to 44.8 µg/l) and NH 3 (24.08 to 26.6 µg/l). Sindh coastal areas which situated at the north-western boundary the Arabian Sea are highly vulnerable to flood damages due to flash floods during SW monsoon or impact of sea level rise and storm surges coupled with cyclones passing through Arabian Sea along Pakistan coast. It is hoped that the obtained data in this study would act as a database for future investigations and monitoring of LBOD and Tidal Link Drain coastal waters.
Activated carbon was prepared from agricultural waste "almond (Prunus amygdalus) nut shells" by c... more Activated carbon was prepared from agricultural waste "almond (Prunus amygdalus) nut shells" by chemical activation with phosphoric acid as an activating agent at 450 °C for 24 hr soaking time. The physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The adsorption of chromium VI from aqueous solution on almond nut shell activated carbon (ASAC) was investigated. The adsorption process parameters pH, agitation speed, agitation time, adsorbent dose were optimized. 98% of Cr VI was sorbed at pH 2 and stirring speed 200 rpm.. Surface structure showed that ASAC has a spongy type structure showing large number of pores
Activated carbon is used in sugar industries for the removal of colorants from sugar liquor and f... more Activated carbon is used in sugar industries for the removal of colorants from sugar liquor and for treatment of drinking water and industrial wastewater. Coal is a commercially used activated carbon, which is a limited non renewable resource. There are different renewable resources such as sugarcane Bagasse, Almond nutshells, Rice husk, Rice straw, Coconut shells, which could be used as alternatives. In the present work bagasse, the byproduct of sugar industries, was treated and converted into adsorbent. Sugarcane bagasse was mixed with molasses, the binder, and compressed into moulding press to make homogenized pellets at 5000 psi. The sample was then pyrolyzed at 700 ºC in an inert atmosphere and subsequently activated at different temperatures from 700 ºC to 900 ºC. The Physical (bulk density, yield, burn off, hardness) and chemical properties (pH, conductivity, ash) of the activated samples were analyzed using standard methods. These samples were also analyzed at Matiari sugar mill to evaluate the effectiveness for percent color removal from a Melt sugar liquor solution. Relative efficiency of Decolorization was compared with the commercial activated carbon (Cane Cal from Calgon Carbon). It was found that the sample, steam activated at 900 ºC, showed the satisfactory Physical and chemical Properties. The decolorizing property was much better than the commercial carbon making it a good decolorizer in the sugar refinery industry.
Pakistan is at 12th number in the rank of rice production countries. Along with the production of... more Pakistan is at 12th number in the rank of rice production countries. Along with the production of 4,500 thousand metric tons of rice enormous quantity of rice husk is left as waste. Light weight thermal insulating material was prepared from rice husk. Epoxy resin was used as a binder and was mixed with rice husk to give it strength, the sample was compressed at 7000 psi to produce cylindrical shape block. The thermal conductivity of the sample A, B, C and D of thickness 1, 2, 3 and 4 cm respectively was measured 0.0241, 0.0240, 0.239 and 0.0219 watts/m-k, which was lower than the common mortar by 51.74%, therefore it could be used in buildings and roof as an insulating material. This would be a suitable alternative which would not only save energy but also solve the environmental disposal problems as well. The results are very promising and we hope insulation material prepared would be useable in hot climate regions like Pakistan in buildings to prevent heat transfer.
... Membrane Prepared by Water or Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Ternary Formulation 3 Nurmin Bolong, Ah... more ... Membrane Prepared by Water or Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Ternary Formulation 3 Nurmin Bolong, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, and Mohd ... Radhe Shyam Thakur 3 Characterizations of Newly Developed Bacterial Cellulose–Chitosan Membrane with Pyrroline Siti Nur Hidayah Mohamad ...
This paper presents the results of preliminary assessment of water quality along the coastal area... more This paper presents the results of preliminary assessment of water quality along the coastal areas in the vicinity of Left Bank Outfall Drainage (LBOD) and Tidal Link Drain (TLD) in Sindh province after the cyclone 2A occurred in 1999. The water samples were collected from various RDs of Tidal Link Drain and lakes during September 2001 to April 2002 and were analysed for salinity, nitrite, phosphate, ammonia, silicate and suspended material in water. The results of the study showed considerable variations in water quality depending upon the location along the coast in the vicinity of LBOD and RDs. The salinity ranged between 4.39-65.25 ppt in Tidal Link Drain samples whereas 2.4-38.05 ppt in samples collected from lakes. The values of suspended material at various RDs of Tidal Link Drain ranged between 56.6-2134 ppm and at the lakes between 68-297 ppm. The data of continuous monitoring at RD-93 showed the range of PO 4 (8.6-25.2 µg/l), SiO 3 (554.96-1462 µg/l), NO 2 (0.557.2-25.2 µg/l) and NH 3 (9.38-23.62 µg/l). The concentration of nutrients in water samples collected from different RDs was found in the range of PO 4 (10.85 to 11.47 µg/l), SiO 3 (1624 to 2635.08 µg/l), NO 2 (20.38 to 44.8 µg/l) and NH 3 (24.08 to 26.6 µg/l). Sindh coastal areas which situated at the north-western boundary the Arabian Sea are highly vulnerable to flood damages due to flash floods during SW monsoon or impact of sea level rise and storm surges coupled with cyclones passing through Arabian Sea along Pakistan coast. It is hoped that the obtained data in this study would act as a database for future investigations and monitoring of LBOD and Tidal Link Drain coastal waters.
Activated carbon was prepared from agricultural waste "almond (Prunus amygdalus) nut shells" by c... more Activated carbon was prepared from agricultural waste "almond (Prunus amygdalus) nut shells" by chemical activation with phosphoric acid as an activating agent at 450 °C for 24 hr soaking time. The physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The adsorption of chromium VI from aqueous solution on almond nut shell activated carbon (ASAC) was investigated. The adsorption process parameters pH, agitation speed, agitation time, adsorbent dose were optimized. 98% of Cr VI was sorbed at pH 2 and stirring speed 200 rpm.. Surface structure showed that ASAC has a spongy type structure showing large number of pores
Activated carbon is used in sugar industries for the removal of colorants from sugar liquor and f... more Activated carbon is used in sugar industries for the removal of colorants from sugar liquor and for treatment of drinking water and industrial wastewater. Coal is a commercially used activated carbon, which is a limited non renewable resource. There are different renewable resources such as sugarcane Bagasse, Almond nutshells, Rice husk, Rice straw, Coconut shells, which could be used as alternatives. In the present work bagasse, the byproduct of sugar industries, was treated and converted into adsorbent. Sugarcane bagasse was mixed with molasses, the binder, and compressed into moulding press to make homogenized pellets at 5000 psi. The sample was then pyrolyzed at 700 ºC in an inert atmosphere and subsequently activated at different temperatures from 700 ºC to 900 ºC. The Physical (bulk density, yield, burn off, hardness) and chemical properties (pH, conductivity, ash) of the activated samples were analyzed using standard methods. These samples were also analyzed at Matiari sugar mill to evaluate the effectiveness for percent color removal from a Melt sugar liquor solution. Relative efficiency of Decolorization was compared with the commercial activated carbon (Cane Cal from Calgon Carbon). It was found that the sample, steam activated at 900 ºC, showed the satisfactory Physical and chemical Properties. The decolorizing property was much better than the commercial carbon making it a good decolorizer in the sugar refinery industry.
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