Gubo Hakbo-The Journal of Korean Modern Literature | 구보학보, Dec 31, 2024
In May, 1899, trams began their operation in Seoul(Gyeongseong) and continued to hold a monopoly ... more In May, 1899, trams began their operation in Seoul(Gyeongseong) and continued to hold a monopoly as a means of public transportation until their discontinuance in 1968. Public transportation, by definition, is the means of transportation used by most people. This study will provide an indepth look into the lives of the people using this means of transportation by shedding light on the specific situation of public transportation during the Japanese Occupation. This study introduces the process of restoring the routes and stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams during the Japanese colonial rule through the use of digital devices. For this work, the researcher tested the related content of various materials and reverified the history of tram construction before examining changes to the tram routes and restoring the results with a digital device called Google Maps. Universal tools were used, such as Google Earth, Google Maps(My Maps), and Excel in the process of digitally restoring the stops and routes of the Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams. By analyzing the data about the stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams, the study identified and confirmed the stops and routes that represented each of their main eras. By using this information, the study acquired GPS coordinate values (dots) for the stops and embodied the routes connecting the dots on Google Maps to make them ‘open access’. The digital restoration of the tram routes embodied in this way can help people perceive the spaces of life culture connected to the Seoul(Gyeongseong) area in the present geographical sense. As they were restored with a digital device that was expandable and highly usable, anyone could utilize Seoul(Gyeongseong)’s tram routes during the Japanese colonial rule regardless of time and space limitations. As a result, the present study is considered a humanities platform in a historical context that it fuses in digital technology. That is, the digital route map restored in the study will serve as a basis to define spatial compositions in various aspects including history, literature, and art during the Japanese colonial rule.
The History Education Review | 역사와교육, May 31, 2024
The purpose of this study is to investigate Choi, Yong-sin's activities as one of the representat... more The purpose of this study is to investigate Choi, Yong-sin's activities as one of the representative rural enlightenment activists in the 1930s based on her photographs and image materials that have been excavated so far. Photo materials have been utilized as historical materials in the study of history since their emergence following the development of modern technologies. Being influenced by the development of digital information technologies, they were converted from analog to digital. Since the conversion, their utilization has been more active due to their easy search and utilization. However, photo materials can make consistent errors as even a single misleading judgment of their utilization has prolonged impacts. The present study thus based its analysis on the Principle of Provenance to offer information about the lineage of photo materials. The investigator analyzed Choi's activities by collecting her photographs and image materials as many as possible and analyzing them. Her life was divided and arranged into different periods of activities based on spatial restrictions in Wonsan(元山), Seoul(京城), and Saemgol(샘골, 泉谷). This process made it possible to correct the errors found in the interpretation of her photo materials and excavate her new photo materials. The facts found through the analysis of her photo materials based on the Principle of Provenance or newly proposed inferences will become a basis to advance the study of Choi's life by developing the content of the study critically.
Journal of Studies on Korean National Movement(한국민족운동사연구), Mar 30, 2023
Atoingashu(『亞東印畵集』) and Ajiataikan(『亞細亞大觀』) are photo books that the Japanese Photography Associa... more Atoingashu(『亞東印畵集』) and Ajiataikan(『亞細亞大觀』) are photo books that the Japanese Photography Association in Dalian, China published after photographing across East Asia from the 1920s to the 1940s. The photo books contain a total of 4,700 photographs collected by adding 10 photos per month through the process of field survey, photographing and printing. These photographic materials provide the title and explanation of each photo, together with the year when it was photographed; the data can be a significant reference for the utilization of photographic materials. This study aimed to analyze the compilation, publishing and contents of the photo books to identify what purpose their publication would serve. Examining the purpose of publication will help define the characteristics of the photographic materials of Manchuria analyzed in detail in this study. With modern technological development, photographs are actively used as historical materials. This study intends to look at the history and chronology of photographic materials, and, furthermore, provide a foundation for critically utilizing them based on the principle of provenance.
Journal for the Studies of Silla History(新羅史學報), Apr 30, 2020
Ennin's Diary provides important historical data about the social and
economic situations of Tang... more Ennin's Diary provides important historical data about the social and economic situations of Tang and the activities of Silla in the dynasty in the ninth century in the position of a Japanese Buddhist pilgrim. Researches on Ennin's Diary have produced various results regardless of East and West and different periods. Despite these achievements, however, there is a shortage of research that conducted comprehensive analysis of place names along Ennin's itinerary. Following the advancement of information and communication technologies that began in the late 1990s, the field of historical studies has been much affected by their development. The historical materials about Korean history have, in particular, digitized in massive scale, which has led the growth of research achievements both in quantity and quality. When historical materials become digital, they claim bigger value for utilization, which raises a need to develop new methodologies for historical studies. The recent concept of digital history recognizes the emergence of historical materials that exist only in digital as well as those are digital as well, which raises a need for software education for their use and utilization. This study first aimed to analyze the place names of Ennin's Diary and restore them in digital from the current perspective. That is, the study would make use of digital geographic information as a tool to analyze place names unlike previous studies that analyzed place names based on reference data. Such analysis methods based on digital information will help to search for new methodologies in the current situations of digital era and the digitization of historical materials. If such attempts at new methodologies are accumulated consistently, they will facilitate the expansion of boundary in the study of Korean history and make a further step in the realization of digital Korean history as a domain. Key
The Journal of Korean Historical-folklife(역사민속학), Dec 31, 2019
Following the advancement of information and communication technologies,
the Korean historical st... more Following the advancement of information and communication technologies, the Korean historical studies community has changed its methodology in research. Their attempt at broadening the horizon of Korean history study through the fusion of geographical information, in particular, began in the early days of building digitized historical materials and has been on the gradual rise. Of them, some conducted research on traffic routes between Korea and China especially the diplomatic routes between them. Pyohaerok by Choi Bu examined in the present study is an important material to overcome the limitations of records of diplomatic missions. Unlike records of diplomatic missions are usually restricted to the traffic routes in northern China, Pyohaerok漂海錄 offers the experiences with the canals as one of China’s representative traffic routes in the traditional era as well as northern China. For such importance it holds, Pyohaerok has long been translated and investigated, but these efforts have failed to address the traffic routes in details. The present study set out to restore the itinerary of Choi Bu recorded in Pyohaerok by using the geographical information technologies that had been developed in recent years. The study, however, took a different context from the publication of a historical map based on electronic media. The investigator would first identify points representing areas by analyzing his itinerary and connect growing points over time sequentially to restore the routes of certain tours and journeys. A digitally restored itinerary map shows even specific locations and can be readily applicable to the field, thus differentiating itself from an itinerary map on paper. Such a project will be one of various attempts at broadening the spectrum of methodology in the study of Korean history and make a great step forward in the embodiment of digital Korean history.
Pyohaerok(漂海錄 - A record of Drifting across the Sea) is voyage record book which recorded that fa... more Pyohaerok(漂海錄 - A record of Drifting across the Sea) is voyage record book which recorded that facts that Choi, Bu(崔溥) accidently drifted away to southern china to storm. Choi, Bu was appointed to a royal inspector to Cheju island District in the reign of king Sungjong(1470~1494) and he was being on the way back to main land to attend his father's funeral. In this record book, the Chinese trade and culture were very precisely explained. It is interesting that this book referred to Choi, Bu;s drifting route. This book also presents an apparent evidence that the drifting route was being used as a maritime way is between Korea and southern part of China. The vessel, a private ship made in Cheju Island, was strong enough to endure rough sea travelling. Also sailors of the vessel was a Cheju Island resident who was good at navigation. Due to the sailors' professionalism and the durableness of the vessel, the drifting journey to southern China was made without any severe damages including losing their lives. However, the vessel was so damaged that it could not be operated. Therefore they had to voyage without sailing equipment. His drifting voyage explains that Korea could trade with southern China by this maritime route even before the navigation and shipbuilding skills developed enough to sail on the route. By comparing Choi's voyage route with the route mentioned in Korydokyoung(高麗圖經), there is no major distinction what so ever. As a matter of fact, Pyohaerok is a precious historical record book in that is gave a critical evidence of the main maritime route between Korea and China
The Journal of Korean Historical-folklife(역사민속학), Dec 31, 2018
The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations between digitized historical materials a... more The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations between digitized historical materials and the paradigm changes of popularizing history in the Korean history. The popularizing history has gone through four paradigms in Korean History : first, popularizing history happened thanks to “spread of paper” and “development of printing.” In Chosŏn(朝鮮) period, in particular, letterpress and wood-block printing led the spread of knowledge in a mutually supplementary way, which resulted in the conversion of “delivery of memories,” a traditional concept of history, into “historical studies” and “research on the past”; the second paradigm keywords were “modern” and “enlightenment.” The publishing manufacture according to modern technological advancement opened doors to the massive distribution of historical knowledge. The introduction of modern education witnessed the history subject leading the spread of history; the third paradigm represented a meaningful time in the popular spread of Korean history in the aspects of historians’ self-awareness, securement of research diversity, efforts to narrow down the gap between historians and the public, various social activities of historians, and non-experts’ growing writing about history books; and the final paradigm saw the establishment of “digitized historical materials” based on the “development of information technology(IT)” having huge impacts on the production of historical knowledge by historians and non-experts on history. The fourth paradigm was characterized by the subjects of history consumption creating new content separate from the providers of knowledge unlike in the past. This paradigm became an inflection point of history consumption where the trend of popularizing history changed from passive history consumption to active history consumption and production. In the paradigm changes of popularizing history, the major driving force behind the fourth change was the large-scale accumulation and provision of digitized historical materials. This period witnessed the growth of research findings in Korean history both in quantity and quality and the production of various kinds of historical content including videos about history. Historical dramas(TV), in particular, made a 103.7% increase in the 2000s from the 1990s. Although the production of historical films since the 2000s was poor, but there was a meaningful change with 22 historical films making the top 100 box office list(2003~August, 2018). The investigator found the cause of these changes starting in the 2000s in the influences of digitized historical materials mentioned earlier. The increase of digitally constructed historical materials and the growing access to them became the major driving force for the public to move to the stage of producing historical content beyond the consumption stage of history and made the pattern of history consumption hit an inflection point. There is, however, a concern with the possibilities that the original values of historical studies might be misused according to the growing popular consumption and production of history. Historians thus need to provide specialized materials to help the public make their own historical analysis and enrich understanding and communication between historians and consumers through interactions. In addition, they need to accumulate the research findings of outcomes according to the changed pattern of popularizing history by analyzing, sorting out, categorizing, and defining a variety of history content in continuous production.
Digitized historical materials refer to historical materials that are the basis of historical res... more Digitized historical materials refer to historical materials that are the basis of historical research being digitized and offered on the Internet. They have two major advantages of being digitized and being accessible at any places where there is an Internet connection via the network, having huge impacts on historical research. Historical research on the history of Vietnam has made progress to a certain degree, being active especially in the latter part of the 2000s. It is, however, difficult to do research on the premodern history of Vietnam since there is no easy access to its historical materials. This study set out to arrange and introduce the current state of Vietnamese history based on the digitized historical materials available in South Korea to facilitate the activation of research on the topic by introducing digitized historical materials about the history of Vietnam. There are various digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam in South Korea from the chronological materials of Joseon including Goryeosa and Annals of the Joseon Dynasty to personal collections of works, and one can find important historical materials through search efforts. Furthermore, the present study introduced China's historical materials(the annals of Ming and Qing Dynasties and books on foreign states in the official history of China) available in South Korea. It also introduced overseas digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam and offered explanations about how to make use of them. Also introduced in the present study was a web site that converted classical images housed at the National Library of Vietnam into digital ones and made them available on the Internet. The present study also analyzed its detailed materials. It, in particular, analyzed and cataloged the historical materials classified as Sabu(史部) provided by the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation in the U.S.A.. Finally, it made proposals about how to establish and increase the utilization of historical materials in Vietnam based on the experiences with the information of history in South Korea.
The Journal of Korean Ancient History(한국고대사연구), Dec 2016
The large-scale database(DB) building of digitized history materials was possible because of the ... more The large-scale database(DB) building of digitized history materials was possible because of the development of information technology(IT). It has changed the modern historical research methods. These digitized materials have been actively used in almost every study of history. These enabled to easier access to the information needed and reduced the time to search for much more data. Despite the high efficiency, however, there is a lack of research on comprehensive arrangement of the current levels and guidance on the methods using electronic materials. For these reasons, this study aims to investigate and organize the digital materials which are required for the studies on ancient korean history. Firstly, it tries to categorize the digitized materials about ancient korean history in accordance with historical records. Secondly, it reveals better methods of using these materials and suggests how to quote them. Finally, it summarizes the achievements and problems of digitizing historical materials at this point in time.
The Journal of Korean Historical-folklife(역사민속학), Mar 2008
Digitized history materials is defined as electronic materials for research in history
science.
S... more Digitized history materials is defined as electronic materials for research in history science. Since The Annals of the Choson Dynasty CD-ROM in 1995, digitized history materials has developed along with computer and internet and extends to over 8 million from 21 organizations except commercial DB in current, December 2007. However, its content level has made a difference and its service provided with the limits at efficiency of usage between organizations. This study purposes to find the best way for efficiently service of digitized history materials that is composed of various formats. It refers to standardization for historical materials as prerequisite to enhance the efficiency and to help provide better service, and then identified document structure and constituent elements for database. Especially, it examines historical materials metadata set (HOMS: History Object Metadata System) of NIKH (National Institute of Korean History:國史編纂委員會) which has a lot of experience on buliding digitized history materials. Similarly, if historical materials are digitized in standardized way, it will be easy to produce new service through the information fusion. It is mere to digitize historical materials and open to the public via Internet to date, while historical organizations can produce more elaborate and organized new knowledge through the standardization process. So this study proposes that standardization of digitized history materials presents not only matter of document components or structure but also the prospects for digitized history data.
Gubo Hakbo-The Journal of Korean Modern Literature | 구보학보, Dec 31, 2024
In May, 1899, trams began their operation in Seoul(Gyeongseong) and continued to hold a monopoly ... more In May, 1899, trams began their operation in Seoul(Gyeongseong) and continued to hold a monopoly as a means of public transportation until their discontinuance in 1968. Public transportation, by definition, is the means of transportation used by most people. This study will provide an indepth look into the lives of the people using this means of transportation by shedding light on the specific situation of public transportation during the Japanese Occupation. This study introduces the process of restoring the routes and stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams during the Japanese colonial rule through the use of digital devices. For this work, the researcher tested the related content of various materials and reverified the history of tram construction before examining changes to the tram routes and restoring the results with a digital device called Google Maps. Universal tools were used, such as Google Earth, Google Maps(My Maps), and Excel in the process of digitally restoring the stops and routes of the Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams. By analyzing the data about the stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams, the study identified and confirmed the stops and routes that represented each of their main eras. By using this information, the study acquired GPS coordinate values (dots) for the stops and embodied the routes connecting the dots on Google Maps to make them ‘open access’. The digital restoration of the tram routes embodied in this way can help people perceive the spaces of life culture connected to the Seoul(Gyeongseong) area in the present geographical sense. As they were restored with a digital device that was expandable and highly usable, anyone could utilize Seoul(Gyeongseong)’s tram routes during the Japanese colonial rule regardless of time and space limitations. As a result, the present study is considered a humanities platform in a historical context that it fuses in digital technology. That is, the digital route map restored in the study will serve as a basis to define spatial compositions in various aspects including history, literature, and art during the Japanese colonial rule.
The History Education Review | 역사와교육, May 31, 2024
The purpose of this study is to investigate Choi, Yong-sin's activities as one of the representat... more The purpose of this study is to investigate Choi, Yong-sin's activities as one of the representative rural enlightenment activists in the 1930s based on her photographs and image materials that have been excavated so far. Photo materials have been utilized as historical materials in the study of history since their emergence following the development of modern technologies. Being influenced by the development of digital information technologies, they were converted from analog to digital. Since the conversion, their utilization has been more active due to their easy search and utilization. However, photo materials can make consistent errors as even a single misleading judgment of their utilization has prolonged impacts. The present study thus based its analysis on the Principle of Provenance to offer information about the lineage of photo materials. The investigator analyzed Choi's activities by collecting her photographs and image materials as many as possible and analyzing them. Her life was divided and arranged into different periods of activities based on spatial restrictions in Wonsan(元山), Seoul(京城), and Saemgol(샘골, 泉谷). This process made it possible to correct the errors found in the interpretation of her photo materials and excavate her new photo materials. The facts found through the analysis of her photo materials based on the Principle of Provenance or newly proposed inferences will become a basis to advance the study of Choi's life by developing the content of the study critically.
Journal of Studies on Korean National Movement(한국민족운동사연구), Mar 30, 2023
Atoingashu(『亞東印畵集』) and Ajiataikan(『亞細亞大觀』) are photo books that the Japanese Photography Associa... more Atoingashu(『亞東印畵集』) and Ajiataikan(『亞細亞大觀』) are photo books that the Japanese Photography Association in Dalian, China published after photographing across East Asia from the 1920s to the 1940s. The photo books contain a total of 4,700 photographs collected by adding 10 photos per month through the process of field survey, photographing and printing. These photographic materials provide the title and explanation of each photo, together with the year when it was photographed; the data can be a significant reference for the utilization of photographic materials. This study aimed to analyze the compilation, publishing and contents of the photo books to identify what purpose their publication would serve. Examining the purpose of publication will help define the characteristics of the photographic materials of Manchuria analyzed in detail in this study. With modern technological development, photographs are actively used as historical materials. This study intends to look at the history and chronology of photographic materials, and, furthermore, provide a foundation for critically utilizing them based on the principle of provenance.
Journal for the Studies of Silla History(新羅史學報), Apr 30, 2020
Ennin's Diary provides important historical data about the social and
economic situations of Tang... more Ennin's Diary provides important historical data about the social and economic situations of Tang and the activities of Silla in the dynasty in the ninth century in the position of a Japanese Buddhist pilgrim. Researches on Ennin's Diary have produced various results regardless of East and West and different periods. Despite these achievements, however, there is a shortage of research that conducted comprehensive analysis of place names along Ennin's itinerary. Following the advancement of information and communication technologies that began in the late 1990s, the field of historical studies has been much affected by their development. The historical materials about Korean history have, in particular, digitized in massive scale, which has led the growth of research achievements both in quantity and quality. When historical materials become digital, they claim bigger value for utilization, which raises a need to develop new methodologies for historical studies. The recent concept of digital history recognizes the emergence of historical materials that exist only in digital as well as those are digital as well, which raises a need for software education for their use and utilization. This study first aimed to analyze the place names of Ennin's Diary and restore them in digital from the current perspective. That is, the study would make use of digital geographic information as a tool to analyze place names unlike previous studies that analyzed place names based on reference data. Such analysis methods based on digital information will help to search for new methodologies in the current situations of digital era and the digitization of historical materials. If such attempts at new methodologies are accumulated consistently, they will facilitate the expansion of boundary in the study of Korean history and make a further step in the realization of digital Korean history as a domain. Key
The Journal of Korean Historical-folklife(역사민속학), Dec 31, 2019
Following the advancement of information and communication technologies,
the Korean historical st... more Following the advancement of information and communication technologies, the Korean historical studies community has changed its methodology in research. Their attempt at broadening the horizon of Korean history study through the fusion of geographical information, in particular, began in the early days of building digitized historical materials and has been on the gradual rise. Of them, some conducted research on traffic routes between Korea and China especially the diplomatic routes between them. Pyohaerok by Choi Bu examined in the present study is an important material to overcome the limitations of records of diplomatic missions. Unlike records of diplomatic missions are usually restricted to the traffic routes in northern China, Pyohaerok漂海錄 offers the experiences with the canals as one of China’s representative traffic routes in the traditional era as well as northern China. For such importance it holds, Pyohaerok has long been translated and investigated, but these efforts have failed to address the traffic routes in details. The present study set out to restore the itinerary of Choi Bu recorded in Pyohaerok by using the geographical information technologies that had been developed in recent years. The study, however, took a different context from the publication of a historical map based on electronic media. The investigator would first identify points representing areas by analyzing his itinerary and connect growing points over time sequentially to restore the routes of certain tours and journeys. A digitally restored itinerary map shows even specific locations and can be readily applicable to the field, thus differentiating itself from an itinerary map on paper. Such a project will be one of various attempts at broadening the spectrum of methodology in the study of Korean history and make a great step forward in the embodiment of digital Korean history.
Pyohaerok(漂海錄 - A record of Drifting across the Sea) is voyage record book which recorded that fa... more Pyohaerok(漂海錄 - A record of Drifting across the Sea) is voyage record book which recorded that facts that Choi, Bu(崔溥) accidently drifted away to southern china to storm. Choi, Bu was appointed to a royal inspector to Cheju island District in the reign of king Sungjong(1470~1494) and he was being on the way back to main land to attend his father's funeral. In this record book, the Chinese trade and culture were very precisely explained. It is interesting that this book referred to Choi, Bu;s drifting route. This book also presents an apparent evidence that the drifting route was being used as a maritime way is between Korea and southern part of China. The vessel, a private ship made in Cheju Island, was strong enough to endure rough sea travelling. Also sailors of the vessel was a Cheju Island resident who was good at navigation. Due to the sailors' professionalism and the durableness of the vessel, the drifting journey to southern China was made without any severe damages including losing their lives. However, the vessel was so damaged that it could not be operated. Therefore they had to voyage without sailing equipment. His drifting voyage explains that Korea could trade with southern China by this maritime route even before the navigation and shipbuilding skills developed enough to sail on the route. By comparing Choi's voyage route with the route mentioned in Korydokyoung(高麗圖經), there is no major distinction what so ever. As a matter of fact, Pyohaerok is a precious historical record book in that is gave a critical evidence of the main maritime route between Korea and China
The Journal of Korean Historical-folklife(역사민속학), Dec 31, 2018
The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations between digitized historical materials a... more The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations between digitized historical materials and the paradigm changes of popularizing history in the Korean history. The popularizing history has gone through four paradigms in Korean History : first, popularizing history happened thanks to “spread of paper” and “development of printing.” In Chosŏn(朝鮮) period, in particular, letterpress and wood-block printing led the spread of knowledge in a mutually supplementary way, which resulted in the conversion of “delivery of memories,” a traditional concept of history, into “historical studies” and “research on the past”; the second paradigm keywords were “modern” and “enlightenment.” The publishing manufacture according to modern technological advancement opened doors to the massive distribution of historical knowledge. The introduction of modern education witnessed the history subject leading the spread of history; the third paradigm represented a meaningful time in the popular spread of Korean history in the aspects of historians’ self-awareness, securement of research diversity, efforts to narrow down the gap between historians and the public, various social activities of historians, and non-experts’ growing writing about history books; and the final paradigm saw the establishment of “digitized historical materials” based on the “development of information technology(IT)” having huge impacts on the production of historical knowledge by historians and non-experts on history. The fourth paradigm was characterized by the subjects of history consumption creating new content separate from the providers of knowledge unlike in the past. This paradigm became an inflection point of history consumption where the trend of popularizing history changed from passive history consumption to active history consumption and production. In the paradigm changes of popularizing history, the major driving force behind the fourth change was the large-scale accumulation and provision of digitized historical materials. This period witnessed the growth of research findings in Korean history both in quantity and quality and the production of various kinds of historical content including videos about history. Historical dramas(TV), in particular, made a 103.7% increase in the 2000s from the 1990s. Although the production of historical films since the 2000s was poor, but there was a meaningful change with 22 historical films making the top 100 box office list(2003~August, 2018). The investigator found the cause of these changes starting in the 2000s in the influences of digitized historical materials mentioned earlier. The increase of digitally constructed historical materials and the growing access to them became the major driving force for the public to move to the stage of producing historical content beyond the consumption stage of history and made the pattern of history consumption hit an inflection point. There is, however, a concern with the possibilities that the original values of historical studies might be misused according to the growing popular consumption and production of history. Historians thus need to provide specialized materials to help the public make their own historical analysis and enrich understanding and communication between historians and consumers through interactions. In addition, they need to accumulate the research findings of outcomes according to the changed pattern of popularizing history by analyzing, sorting out, categorizing, and defining a variety of history content in continuous production.
Digitized historical materials refer to historical materials that are the basis of historical res... more Digitized historical materials refer to historical materials that are the basis of historical research being digitized and offered on the Internet. They have two major advantages of being digitized and being accessible at any places where there is an Internet connection via the network, having huge impacts on historical research. Historical research on the history of Vietnam has made progress to a certain degree, being active especially in the latter part of the 2000s. It is, however, difficult to do research on the premodern history of Vietnam since there is no easy access to its historical materials. This study set out to arrange and introduce the current state of Vietnamese history based on the digitized historical materials available in South Korea to facilitate the activation of research on the topic by introducing digitized historical materials about the history of Vietnam. There are various digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam in South Korea from the chronological materials of Joseon including Goryeosa and Annals of the Joseon Dynasty to personal collections of works, and one can find important historical materials through search efforts. Furthermore, the present study introduced China's historical materials(the annals of Ming and Qing Dynasties and books on foreign states in the official history of China) available in South Korea. It also introduced overseas digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam and offered explanations about how to make use of them. Also introduced in the present study was a web site that converted classical images housed at the National Library of Vietnam into digital ones and made them available on the Internet. The present study also analyzed its detailed materials. It, in particular, analyzed and cataloged the historical materials classified as Sabu(史部) provided by the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation in the U.S.A.. Finally, it made proposals about how to establish and increase the utilization of historical materials in Vietnam based on the experiences with the information of history in South Korea.
The Journal of Korean Ancient History(한국고대사연구), Dec 2016
The large-scale database(DB) building of digitized history materials was possible because of the ... more The large-scale database(DB) building of digitized history materials was possible because of the development of information technology(IT). It has changed the modern historical research methods. These digitized materials have been actively used in almost every study of history. These enabled to easier access to the information needed and reduced the time to search for much more data. Despite the high efficiency, however, there is a lack of research on comprehensive arrangement of the current levels and guidance on the methods using electronic materials. For these reasons, this study aims to investigate and organize the digital materials which are required for the studies on ancient korean history. Firstly, it tries to categorize the digitized materials about ancient korean history in accordance with historical records. Secondly, it reveals better methods of using these materials and suggests how to quote them. Finally, it summarizes the achievements and problems of digitizing historical materials at this point in time.
The Journal of Korean Historical-folklife(역사민속학), Mar 2008
Digitized history materials is defined as electronic materials for research in history
science.
S... more Digitized history materials is defined as electronic materials for research in history science. Since The Annals of the Choson Dynasty CD-ROM in 1995, digitized history materials has developed along with computer and internet and extends to over 8 million from 21 organizations except commercial DB in current, December 2007. However, its content level has made a difference and its service provided with the limits at efficiency of usage between organizations. This study purposes to find the best way for efficiently service of digitized history materials that is composed of various formats. It refers to standardization for historical materials as prerequisite to enhance the efficiency and to help provide better service, and then identified document structure and constituent elements for database. Especially, it examines historical materials metadata set (HOMS: History Object Metadata System) of NIKH (National Institute of Korean History:國史編纂委員會) which has a lot of experience on buliding digitized history materials. Similarly, if historical materials are digitized in standardized way, it will be easy to produce new service through the information fusion. It is mere to digitize historical materials and open to the public via Internet to date, while historical organizations can produce more elaborate and organized new knowledge through the standardization process. So this study proposes that standardization of digitized history materials presents not only matter of document components or structure but also the prospects for digitized history data.
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Papers by Sung jee Joo
This study introduces the process of restoring the routes and stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams during the Japanese colonial rule through the use of digital devices. For this work, the researcher tested the related content of various materials and reverified the history of tram construction before examining changes to the tram routes and restoring the results with a digital device called Google Maps.
Universal tools were used, such as Google Earth, Google Maps(My Maps), and Excel in the process of digitally restoring the stops and routes of the Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams. By analyzing the data about the stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams, the study identified and confirmed the stops and routes that represented each of their main eras. By using this information, the study acquired GPS coordinate values (dots) for the stops and embodied the routes connecting the dots on Google Maps to make them ‘open access’.
The digital restoration of the tram routes embodied in this way can help people perceive the spaces of life culture connected to the Seoul(Gyeongseong) area in the present geographical sense. As they were restored with a digital device that was expandable and highly usable, anyone could utilize Seoul(Gyeongseong)’s tram routes during the Japanese colonial rule regardless of time and space limitations.
As a result, the present study is considered a humanities platform in a historical context that it fuses in digital technology. That is, the digital route map restored in the study will serve as a basis to define spatial compositions in various aspects including history, literature, and art during the Japanese colonial rule.
URL: https://url.kr/aoxx1k
The facts found through the analysis of her photo materials based on the
Principle of Provenance or newly proposed inferences will become a basis to advance the study of Choi's life by developing the content of the study critically.
This study aimed to analyze the compilation, publishing and contents of the photo books to identify what purpose their publication would serve. Examining the purpose of publication will help define the characteristics of the photographic materials of Manchuria analyzed in detail in this study.
With modern technological development, photographs are actively used as historical materials. This study intends to look at the history and chronology of photographic materials, and, furthermore, provide a foundation for critically utilizing them based on the principle of provenance.
economic situations of Tang and the activities of Silla in the dynasty in the ninth century in the position of a Japanese Buddhist pilgrim. Researches on Ennin's Diary have produced various results regardless of East and West and different periods. Despite these achievements, however, there is a shortage of research that conducted comprehensive analysis of place names along Ennin's itinerary. Following the advancement of information and communication technologies that began in the late 1990s, the field of historical studies has been much affected by their development. The historical materials about Korean history have,
in particular, digitized in massive scale, which has led
the growth of research achievements both in quantity and quality. When historical materials become digital, they claim bigger value for utilization, which raises a need to develop new methodologies for historical studies. The recent concept of digital history recognizes the emergence of historical materials that exist only in digital as well as those are digital as well, which raises a need for software education for their use and utilization. This study first aimed to analyze the place names of Ennin's Diary and restore them in digital from the current perspective. That
is, the study would make use of
digital geographic information as a tool to analyze place names unlike previous studies that analyzed place names based on reference data. Such analysis methods based on digital information will help to search for new methodologies in the current situations of digital era and the digitization of historical materials. If such attempts at new methodologies are accumulated consistently, they will facilitate the expansion of boundary in the study of Korean history and make a further step in the realization of digital Korean history as a domain.
Key
the Korean historical studies community has changed its methodology in
research. Their attempt at broadening the horizon of Korean history study
through the fusion of geographical information, in particular, began in the early
days of building digitized historical materials and has been on the gradual rise.
Of them, some conducted research on traffic routes between Korea and China
especially the diplomatic routes between them. Pyohaerok by Choi Bu
examined in the present study is an important material to overcome the
limitations of records of diplomatic missions. Unlike records of diplomatic
missions are usually restricted to the traffic routes in northern China, Pyohaerok漂海錄
offers the experiences with the canals as one of China’s representative traffic
routes in the traditional era as well as northern China. For such importance
it holds, Pyohaerok has long been translated and investigated, but these efforts
have failed to address the traffic routes in details. The present study set out
to restore the itinerary of Choi Bu recorded in Pyohaerok by using the
geographical information technologies that had been developed in recent years.
The study, however, took a different context from the publication of a historical
map based on electronic media. The investigator would first identify points representing areas by analyzing his itinerary and connect growing points over
time sequentially to restore the routes of certain tours and journeys. A digitally
restored itinerary map shows even specific locations and can be readily
applicable to the field, thus differentiating itself from an itinerary map on paper.
Such a project will be one of various attempts at broadening the spectrum of
methodology in the study of Korean history and make a great step forward
in the embodiment of digital Korean history.
In this record book, the Chinese trade and culture were very precisely explained. It is interesting that this book referred to Choi, Bu;s drifting route.
This book also presents an apparent evidence that the drifting route was being used as a maritime way is between Korea and southern part of China.
The vessel, a private ship made in Cheju Island, was strong enough to endure rough sea travelling. Also sailors of the vessel was a Cheju Island resident who was good at navigation. Due to the sailors' professionalism and the durableness of the vessel, the drifting journey to southern China was made without any severe damages including losing their lives.
However, the vessel was so damaged that it could not be operated. Therefore they had to voyage without sailing equipment.
His drifting voyage explains that Korea could trade with southern China by this maritime route even before the navigation and shipbuilding skills developed enough to sail on the route. By comparing Choi's voyage route with the route mentioned in Korydokyoung(高麗圖經), there is no major distinction what so ever.
As a matter of fact, Pyohaerok is a precious historical record book in that is gave a critical evidence of the main maritime route between Korea and China
The popularizing history has gone through four paradigms in Korean History : first, popularizing history happened thanks to “spread of paper” and “development of printing.” In Chosŏn(朝鮮) period, in particular, letterpress and wood-block printing led the spread of knowledge in a mutually supplementary way, which resulted in the conversion of “delivery of memories,” a traditional concept of history, into “historical studies” and “research on the past”; the second paradigm keywords were “modern” and “enlightenment.” The publishing manufacture according to modern technological advancement opened doors to the massive distribution of historical knowledge. The introduction of modern education witnessed the history subject leading the spread of history; the third paradigm represented a meaningful time in the popular spread of Korean history in the aspects of historians’ self-awareness, securement of research diversity, efforts to narrow down the gap between historians and the public, various social activities of historians, and non-experts’ growing writing about history books; and the final paradigm saw the establishment of “digitized historical materials” based on the “development of information technology(IT)” having huge impacts on the production of historical knowledge by historians and non-experts on history. The fourth paradigm was characterized by the subjects of history consumption creating new content separate from the providers of knowledge unlike in the past. This paradigm became an inflection point of history consumption where the trend of popularizing history changed from passive history consumption to active history consumption and production. In the paradigm changes of popularizing history, the major driving force behind the fourth change was the large-scale accumulation and provision of digitized historical materials. This period witnessed the growth of research findings in Korean history both in quantity and quality and the production of various kinds of historical content including videos about history. Historical dramas(TV), in particular, made a 103.7% increase in the 2000s from the 1990s. Although the production of historical films since the 2000s was poor, but there was a meaningful change with 22 historical films making the top 100 box office list(2003~August, 2018). The investigator found the cause of these changes starting in the 2000s in the influences of digitized historical materials mentioned earlier. The increase of digitally constructed historical materials and the growing access to them became the major driving force for the public to move to the stage of producing historical content beyond the consumption stage of history and made the pattern of history consumption hit an inflection point.
There is, however, a concern with the possibilities that the original values of historical studies might be misused according to the growing popular consumption and production of history. Historians thus need to provide specialized materials to help the public make their own historical analysis and enrich understanding and communication between historians and consumers through interactions. In addition, they need to accumulate the research findings of outcomes according to the changed pattern of popularizing history by analyzing, sorting out, categorizing, and defining a variety of history content in continuous production.
There are various digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam in South Korea from the chronological materials of Joseon including Goryeosa and Annals of the Joseon Dynasty to personal collections of works, and one can find important historical materials through search efforts. Furthermore, the present study introduced China's historical materials(the annals of Ming and Qing Dynasties and books on foreign states in the official history of China) available in South Korea. It also introduced overseas digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam and offered explanations about how to make use of them. Also introduced in the present study was a web site that converted classical images housed at the National Library of Vietnam into digital ones and made them available on the Internet. The present study also analyzed its detailed materials. It, in particular, analyzed and cataloged the historical materials classified as Sabu(史部) provided by the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation in the U.S.A.. Finally, it made proposals about how to establish and increase the utilization of historical materials in Vietnam based on the experiences with the information of history in South Korea.
modern historical research methods. These digitized materials have been actively
used in almost every study of history. These enabled to easier access to the information needed and reduced the time to search for much more data. Despite the
high efficiency, however, there is a lack of research on comprehensive arrangement
of the current levels and guidance on the methods using electronic materials. For
these reasons, this study aims to investigate and organize the digital materials
which are required for the studies on ancient korean history. Firstly, it tries to categorize the digitized materials about ancient korean history in accordance with historical records. Secondly, it reveals better methods of using these materials and
suggests how to quote them. Finally, it summarizes the achievements and problems
of digitizing historical materials at this point in time.
science.
Since The Annals of the Choson Dynasty CD-ROM in 1995, digitized history materials
has developed along with computer and internet and extends to over 8 million from
21 organizations except commercial DB in current, December 2007. However, its
content level has made a difference and its service provided with the limits at efficiency
of usage between organizations.
This study purposes to find the best way for efficiently service of digitized history
materials that is composed of various formats. It refers to standardization for historical
materials as prerequisite to enhance the efficiency and to help provide better service,
and then identified document structure and constituent elements for database.
Especially, it examines historical materials metadata set (HOMS: History Object
Metadata System) of NIKH (National Institute of Korean History:國史編纂委員會)
which has a lot of experience on buliding digitized history materials. Similarly, if
historical materials are digitized in standardized way, it will be easy to produce new
service through the information fusion.
It is mere to digitize historical materials and open to the public via Internet to date,
while historical organizations can produce more elaborate and organized new knowledge through the standardization process. So this study proposes that standardization of
digitized history materials presents not only matter of document components or
structure but also the prospects for digitized history data.
This study introduces the process of restoring the routes and stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams during the Japanese colonial rule through the use of digital devices. For this work, the researcher tested the related content of various materials and reverified the history of tram construction before examining changes to the tram routes and restoring the results with a digital device called Google Maps.
Universal tools were used, such as Google Earth, Google Maps(My Maps), and Excel in the process of digitally restoring the stops and routes of the Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams. By analyzing the data about the stops of Seoul(Gyeongseong) trams, the study identified and confirmed the stops and routes that represented each of their main eras. By using this information, the study acquired GPS coordinate values (dots) for the stops and embodied the routes connecting the dots on Google Maps to make them ‘open access’.
The digital restoration of the tram routes embodied in this way can help people perceive the spaces of life culture connected to the Seoul(Gyeongseong) area in the present geographical sense. As they were restored with a digital device that was expandable and highly usable, anyone could utilize Seoul(Gyeongseong)’s tram routes during the Japanese colonial rule regardless of time and space limitations.
As a result, the present study is considered a humanities platform in a historical context that it fuses in digital technology. That is, the digital route map restored in the study will serve as a basis to define spatial compositions in various aspects including history, literature, and art during the Japanese colonial rule.
URL: https://url.kr/aoxx1k
The facts found through the analysis of her photo materials based on the
Principle of Provenance or newly proposed inferences will become a basis to advance the study of Choi's life by developing the content of the study critically.
This study aimed to analyze the compilation, publishing and contents of the photo books to identify what purpose their publication would serve. Examining the purpose of publication will help define the characteristics of the photographic materials of Manchuria analyzed in detail in this study.
With modern technological development, photographs are actively used as historical materials. This study intends to look at the history and chronology of photographic materials, and, furthermore, provide a foundation for critically utilizing them based on the principle of provenance.
economic situations of Tang and the activities of Silla in the dynasty in the ninth century in the position of a Japanese Buddhist pilgrim. Researches on Ennin's Diary have produced various results regardless of East and West and different periods. Despite these achievements, however, there is a shortage of research that conducted comprehensive analysis of place names along Ennin's itinerary. Following the advancement of information and communication technologies that began in the late 1990s, the field of historical studies has been much affected by their development. The historical materials about Korean history have,
in particular, digitized in massive scale, which has led
the growth of research achievements both in quantity and quality. When historical materials become digital, they claim bigger value for utilization, which raises a need to develop new methodologies for historical studies. The recent concept of digital history recognizes the emergence of historical materials that exist only in digital as well as those are digital as well, which raises a need for software education for their use and utilization. This study first aimed to analyze the place names of Ennin's Diary and restore them in digital from the current perspective. That
is, the study would make use of
digital geographic information as a tool to analyze place names unlike previous studies that analyzed place names based on reference data. Such analysis methods based on digital information will help to search for new methodologies in the current situations of digital era and the digitization of historical materials. If such attempts at new methodologies are accumulated consistently, they will facilitate the expansion of boundary in the study of Korean history and make a further step in the realization of digital Korean history as a domain.
Key
the Korean historical studies community has changed its methodology in
research. Their attempt at broadening the horizon of Korean history study
through the fusion of geographical information, in particular, began in the early
days of building digitized historical materials and has been on the gradual rise.
Of them, some conducted research on traffic routes between Korea and China
especially the diplomatic routes between them. Pyohaerok by Choi Bu
examined in the present study is an important material to overcome the
limitations of records of diplomatic missions. Unlike records of diplomatic
missions are usually restricted to the traffic routes in northern China, Pyohaerok漂海錄
offers the experiences with the canals as one of China’s representative traffic
routes in the traditional era as well as northern China. For such importance
it holds, Pyohaerok has long been translated and investigated, but these efforts
have failed to address the traffic routes in details. The present study set out
to restore the itinerary of Choi Bu recorded in Pyohaerok by using the
geographical information technologies that had been developed in recent years.
The study, however, took a different context from the publication of a historical
map based on electronic media. The investigator would first identify points representing areas by analyzing his itinerary and connect growing points over
time sequentially to restore the routes of certain tours and journeys. A digitally
restored itinerary map shows even specific locations and can be readily
applicable to the field, thus differentiating itself from an itinerary map on paper.
Such a project will be one of various attempts at broadening the spectrum of
methodology in the study of Korean history and make a great step forward
in the embodiment of digital Korean history.
In this record book, the Chinese trade and culture were very precisely explained. It is interesting that this book referred to Choi, Bu;s drifting route.
This book also presents an apparent evidence that the drifting route was being used as a maritime way is between Korea and southern part of China.
The vessel, a private ship made in Cheju Island, was strong enough to endure rough sea travelling. Also sailors of the vessel was a Cheju Island resident who was good at navigation. Due to the sailors' professionalism and the durableness of the vessel, the drifting journey to southern China was made without any severe damages including losing their lives.
However, the vessel was so damaged that it could not be operated. Therefore they had to voyage without sailing equipment.
His drifting voyage explains that Korea could trade with southern China by this maritime route even before the navigation and shipbuilding skills developed enough to sail on the route. By comparing Choi's voyage route with the route mentioned in Korydokyoung(高麗圖經), there is no major distinction what so ever.
As a matter of fact, Pyohaerok is a precious historical record book in that is gave a critical evidence of the main maritime route between Korea and China
The popularizing history has gone through four paradigms in Korean History : first, popularizing history happened thanks to “spread of paper” and “development of printing.” In Chosŏn(朝鮮) period, in particular, letterpress and wood-block printing led the spread of knowledge in a mutually supplementary way, which resulted in the conversion of “delivery of memories,” a traditional concept of history, into “historical studies” and “research on the past”; the second paradigm keywords were “modern” and “enlightenment.” The publishing manufacture according to modern technological advancement opened doors to the massive distribution of historical knowledge. The introduction of modern education witnessed the history subject leading the spread of history; the third paradigm represented a meaningful time in the popular spread of Korean history in the aspects of historians’ self-awareness, securement of research diversity, efforts to narrow down the gap between historians and the public, various social activities of historians, and non-experts’ growing writing about history books; and the final paradigm saw the establishment of “digitized historical materials” based on the “development of information technology(IT)” having huge impacts on the production of historical knowledge by historians and non-experts on history. The fourth paradigm was characterized by the subjects of history consumption creating new content separate from the providers of knowledge unlike in the past. This paradigm became an inflection point of history consumption where the trend of popularizing history changed from passive history consumption to active history consumption and production. In the paradigm changes of popularizing history, the major driving force behind the fourth change was the large-scale accumulation and provision of digitized historical materials. This period witnessed the growth of research findings in Korean history both in quantity and quality and the production of various kinds of historical content including videos about history. Historical dramas(TV), in particular, made a 103.7% increase in the 2000s from the 1990s. Although the production of historical films since the 2000s was poor, but there was a meaningful change with 22 historical films making the top 100 box office list(2003~August, 2018). The investigator found the cause of these changes starting in the 2000s in the influences of digitized historical materials mentioned earlier. The increase of digitally constructed historical materials and the growing access to them became the major driving force for the public to move to the stage of producing historical content beyond the consumption stage of history and made the pattern of history consumption hit an inflection point.
There is, however, a concern with the possibilities that the original values of historical studies might be misused according to the growing popular consumption and production of history. Historians thus need to provide specialized materials to help the public make their own historical analysis and enrich understanding and communication between historians and consumers through interactions. In addition, they need to accumulate the research findings of outcomes according to the changed pattern of popularizing history by analyzing, sorting out, categorizing, and defining a variety of history content in continuous production.
There are various digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam in South Korea from the chronological materials of Joseon including Goryeosa and Annals of the Joseon Dynasty to personal collections of works, and one can find important historical materials through search efforts. Furthermore, the present study introduced China's historical materials(the annals of Ming and Qing Dynasties and books on foreign states in the official history of China) available in South Korea. It also introduced overseas digitized historical materials on the history of Vietnam and offered explanations about how to make use of them. Also introduced in the present study was a web site that converted classical images housed at the National Library of Vietnam into digital ones and made them available on the Internet. The present study also analyzed its detailed materials. It, in particular, analyzed and cataloged the historical materials classified as Sabu(史部) provided by the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation in the U.S.A.. Finally, it made proposals about how to establish and increase the utilization of historical materials in Vietnam based on the experiences with the information of history in South Korea.
modern historical research methods. These digitized materials have been actively
used in almost every study of history. These enabled to easier access to the information needed and reduced the time to search for much more data. Despite the
high efficiency, however, there is a lack of research on comprehensive arrangement
of the current levels and guidance on the methods using electronic materials. For
these reasons, this study aims to investigate and organize the digital materials
which are required for the studies on ancient korean history. Firstly, it tries to categorize the digitized materials about ancient korean history in accordance with historical records. Secondly, it reveals better methods of using these materials and
suggests how to quote them. Finally, it summarizes the achievements and problems
of digitizing historical materials at this point in time.
science.
Since The Annals of the Choson Dynasty CD-ROM in 1995, digitized history materials
has developed along with computer and internet and extends to over 8 million from
21 organizations except commercial DB in current, December 2007. However, its
content level has made a difference and its service provided with the limits at efficiency
of usage between organizations.
This study purposes to find the best way for efficiently service of digitized history
materials that is composed of various formats. It refers to standardization for historical
materials as prerequisite to enhance the efficiency and to help provide better service,
and then identified document structure and constituent elements for database.
Especially, it examines historical materials metadata set (HOMS: History Object
Metadata System) of NIKH (National Institute of Korean History:國史編纂委員會)
which has a lot of experience on buliding digitized history materials. Similarly, if
historical materials are digitized in standardized way, it will be easy to produce new
service through the information fusion.
It is mere to digitize historical materials and open to the public via Internet to date,
while historical organizations can produce more elaborate and organized new knowledge through the standardization process. So this study proposes that standardization of
digitized history materials presents not only matter of document components or
structure but also the prospects for digitized history data.