Papers by Bushra H Rahman
Present study examines how the Pakistani religious magazines, representing major schools of Islam... more Present study examines how the Pakistani religious magazines, representing major schools of Islam have defined Jihad and its use against the West. It is a content analysis of four Pakistani mainstream religious magazines (2000-2010) of major schools of Islam. The findings reveal that religious magazines did not promote a culture of unprovoked violence or ‘holy war’. Muslims were instructed to learn the teachings of Islam and achieve peaceful coexistence by developing a sense of mutual cooperation, responsibility and accountability. Religious magazines discussed in depth the causes of resentment between the West and the Muslim world and West was addressed to change its prejudicial policies against the Muslim world, particularly Pakistan.
This study through content analysis explores the way two
popular Urdu and English dailies in Paki... more This study through content analysis explores the way two
popular Urdu and English dailies in Pakistan framed the conflict of ‘Lal Masjid’ in their columns and editorials. The researcher
applies Galtung’s (Galtung, 2002) characteristics of peace and
conflict journalism to see whether there was any difference in the coverage in the two languages’ dailies. The findings show that the dailies framed the issue more in the war journalism framework than in the peace journalism framework. There was a significant difference in the Urdu and English dailies coverage of the event. English dailies cultivated prejudices and insisted on ‘binary oppositions’ and framed the religious element in the conflict as ‘evil other’ and the government as ‘elite us’, whereas, Urdu dailies gave very low coverage to the issue in their editorials and columns.
This study examines the role of social media as a public sphere
in promoting online political act... more This study examines the role of social media as a public sphere
in promoting online political activism and participation in
world politics among youth during the political crisis in
Pakistan for the period of March 2007 to March 2009.
period is marked by political unrest where
was severely controlled and all private news channels
transmission was stopped. Social
alternative public communication platform for the restoration
of democracy and political discourse.
effects model as a base, was applied
problems. The relationships between
online political activism, offline political participation
media, was studied. Data was collected through s
university students. Findings show
public sphere that raised political awareness, promote
activism and motivated for participation in real world political
activities and democratic struggle.
This study explores the relationship between media usage, credibility, and political opinion form... more This study explores the relationship between media usage, credibility, and political opinion formation among educated Pakistani youth. The relationship is studied under the premise that as trust plays an important role in many all areas of social life, it will influence the opinion of the audience. Following the same logic the study proposed that trust in media would facilitate media’s effectiveness in formation of opinion. Findings show that the in heavy viewing of TV news channels does not have any relationship with the way people perceive the credibility of the channels and it also does not affect the opinion making process, the perceived credibility of the media is a more important factor in the formation of political opinion.
The study uses Said’s concept of Orientalism and van Dijks concept of socio-cognitive processes t... more The study uses Said’s concept of Orientalism and van Dijks concept of socio-cognitive processes to analyze the framing of
Pakistani Muslim women in the newsmagazine Time from 1998-2002. A critical discourse analysis of the selected articles of the
magazine follows Fairclough’s and van Dijk’s guidelines. It uncovers how in a particular socio-political context, stereotyped
images of Pakistani Muslim women were framed to project “superior American” ideals of “tolerance” and “democracy,”
as against the “intolerant,” “undemocratic” values of Muslim as “others.” It also argues how in the process of “othering”
Pakistan and particularly its youth are framed as intolerant, and source of fear.
The study uncovers, through content analyses, how systematically, in US-Iran foreign relations, s... more The study uncovers, through content analyses, how systematically, in US-Iran foreign relations, stereotyped images of Iranian Muslim women were framed and given prominence in the two international magazines, Time and Newsweek, from the year 1979 to 2002. It argues that the stereotyped images of Iranian women are no different from the discourses on Muslim women in earlier oriental discourses to justify the imperial designs on Muslim countries.
This study explored the various complexities involved in the relationship between television, int... more This study explored the various complexities involved in the relationship between television, interpersonal communication and political opinion formation among educated Pakistani youth.
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Newsweek from the year 1979-2002.The study explores whether the two magazines portrayed the strug... more Newsweek from the year 1979-2002.The study explores whether the two magazines portrayed the struggle of Pakistani Muslim women for change as a political force in these years as a group who are trying to improve the lot of their sex within the confines of their faith i.e. in demanding change within an Islamic framework or as a group who rejects the possibility of co-existence between Islam and feminism? The findings indicate that they were often depicted as oppressed victims of the 'repressive' laws of Islam. The identification of Pakistani women's problem as a religious problem was very prominent. Least coverage was given to her as the one who is trying to work for her emancipation within the context of Islam. Whereas, most of the coverage was given to women in the secular image and in this context hardly any reference of Islam was given.
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Papers by Bushra H Rahman
popular Urdu and English dailies in Pakistan framed the conflict of ‘Lal Masjid’ in their columns and editorials. The researcher
applies Galtung’s (Galtung, 2002) characteristics of peace and
conflict journalism to see whether there was any difference in the coverage in the two languages’ dailies. The findings show that the dailies framed the issue more in the war journalism framework than in the peace journalism framework. There was a significant difference in the Urdu and English dailies coverage of the event. English dailies cultivated prejudices and insisted on ‘binary oppositions’ and framed the religious element in the conflict as ‘evil other’ and the government as ‘elite us’, whereas, Urdu dailies gave very low coverage to the issue in their editorials and columns.
in promoting online political activism and participation in
world politics among youth during the political crisis in
Pakistan for the period of March 2007 to March 2009.
period is marked by political unrest where
was severely controlled and all private news channels
transmission was stopped. Social
alternative public communication platform for the restoration
of democracy and political discourse.
effects model as a base, was applied
problems. The relationships between
online political activism, offline political participation
media, was studied. Data was collected through s
university students. Findings show
public sphere that raised political awareness, promote
activism and motivated for participation in real world political
activities and democratic struggle.
Pakistani Muslim women in the newsmagazine Time from 1998-2002. A critical discourse analysis of the selected articles of the
magazine follows Fairclough’s and van Dijk’s guidelines. It uncovers how in a particular socio-political context, stereotyped
images of Pakistani Muslim women were framed to project “superior American” ideals of “tolerance” and “democracy,”
as against the “intolerant,” “undemocratic” values of Muslim as “others.” It also argues how in the process of “othering”
Pakistan and particularly its youth are framed as intolerant, and source of fear.
popular Urdu and English dailies in Pakistan framed the conflict of ‘Lal Masjid’ in their columns and editorials. The researcher
applies Galtung’s (Galtung, 2002) characteristics of peace and
conflict journalism to see whether there was any difference in the coverage in the two languages’ dailies. The findings show that the dailies framed the issue more in the war journalism framework than in the peace journalism framework. There was a significant difference in the Urdu and English dailies coverage of the event. English dailies cultivated prejudices and insisted on ‘binary oppositions’ and framed the religious element in the conflict as ‘evil other’ and the government as ‘elite us’, whereas, Urdu dailies gave very low coverage to the issue in their editorials and columns.
in promoting online political activism and participation in
world politics among youth during the political crisis in
Pakistan for the period of March 2007 to March 2009.
period is marked by political unrest where
was severely controlled and all private news channels
transmission was stopped. Social
alternative public communication platform for the restoration
of democracy and political discourse.
effects model as a base, was applied
problems. The relationships between
online political activism, offline political participation
media, was studied. Data was collected through s
university students. Findings show
public sphere that raised political awareness, promote
activism and motivated for participation in real world political
activities and democratic struggle.
Pakistani Muslim women in the newsmagazine Time from 1998-2002. A critical discourse analysis of the selected articles of the
magazine follows Fairclough’s and van Dijk’s guidelines. It uncovers how in a particular socio-political context, stereotyped
images of Pakistani Muslim women were framed to project “superior American” ideals of “tolerance” and “democracy,”
as against the “intolerant,” “undemocratic” values of Muslim as “others.” It also argues how in the process of “othering”
Pakistan and particularly its youth are framed as intolerant, and source of fear.