Tolyatti
Tolyatti Тольятти | |
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 Banner  Coat airms | |
Location o Tolyatti  | |
  Tolyatti Location o Tolyatti  Tolyatti Tolyatti (Samara Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 53°29′N 49°31′E / 53.483°N 49.517°ECoordinates: 53°29′N 49°31′E / 53.483°N 49.517°E | |
| Kintra | Roushie |
| Federal subject | Samara Oblast[1] |
| Foondit | 1737 |
| Govrenment | |
| • Bodi | Ceety Duma |
| • Mayor | Sergey Andreyev |
| Area | |
| • Total | 314.8 km2 (121.5 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 90 m (300 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 719,514 |
| • Rank | 18t in 2010 |
| • Density | 2,300/km2 (5,900/sq mi) |
| • Subordinatit tae | ceety o oblast significance o Tolyatti[1] |
| • Caipital o | ceety o oblast significance o Tolyatti[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Tolyatti Urban Okrug[4] |
| • Caipital o | Tolyatti Urban Okrug[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+4 ([5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 445xxx |
| Dialin code(s) | +7 8482[7] |
| Twin touns | Kazanlak, Wolfsburg, Luoyang, Flint, Piacenza, Colmar, Nagykanizsa, Mingachevir |
| OKTMO ID | 36740000001 |
| Website | portal |
Tolyatti (Roushie: Толья́тти), kent in as Togliatti an aw, is a ceety in Samara Oblast, Roushie. Population: 702,879 (2002 Census);[8] It is the lairgest ceety in Roushie which daes no serve as an admeenistrative centre o a federal subject.[3]
History
[eedit | eedit soorce]It wis foondit in 1737 as a fortress cried Stavropol (Ста́врополь) bi the Roushie statesman Vasily Tatishchev. Informally it wis aften referred as Stavropol-on-Volga (Ста́врополь-на-Во́лге, Stavropol-na-Volge) tae distinguish frae Stavropol, a lairge ceety in soothwast Roushie.
The construction o the Kuybyshev Dam an Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River in the 1950s creatit the Kuybyshev Reservoir, which covered the existin location o the ceety, an it wis completely rebuilt on a new steid. In 1964, the ceety wis renamit Tolyatti (efter Palmiro Togliatti, the langest-servin secretary o the Italian Communist Pairty).
Admeenistrative an municipal status
[eedit | eedit soorce]Tolyatti serves as the admeenistrative center o Stavropolsky Destrict, awtho it is no admeenistratively a pairt o it. Admeenistratively, alang wi twa rural localities, it is incorporatit as the ceety o oblast significance o Tolyatti—an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the destricts.[1] Municipally, the ceety o oblast significance o Tolyatti is incorporatit as Tolyatti Urban Okrug.[4]
Ceety diveesions
[eedit | eedit soorce]Thare are three destricts in the ceety:
- Avtozavodsky (Автозаво́дский), cried Novy Gorod (lit. New Ceety) an aw, is the maist modren; it wis designed tae host the wirkers o the ceety's AvtoVAZ factory, hame o the Lada caur;
- Tsentralny (Центра́льный), cried Stary Gorod (lit. Auld Ceety) an aw, hame o the ceety govrenment an industrial center;
- Komsomolsky (Комсомо́льский), the auldest destrict, biggit tae hoose Hydroelectrical Plant builders.
Economy
[eedit | eedit soorce]The ceety's main claim tae fame haes been automobile manufacturin bi AvtoVAZ's Lada (Zhiguli) caur plants, employin some 110,000 fowk: in cooperation wi Italy's Fiat syne 1970 an wi General Motors syne 2001.[9]
Ither industries hae muivit intae Tolyatti acause it is close tae abundant supplees o electricity an watter. Petrochemicals are well representit in the ceety. Amang the significant enterprises based thare are "TogliattiAzot" (Roushie's biggest ammonia manufacturer) an "KuybyshevAzot" (a nitrogen fertilizer producer). Ither industries include biggin materials production, ship repair an electrical equipment an electronics.
Creeme
[eedit | eedit soorce]October 2007 bomb attack
[eedit | eedit soorce]
Durin the fore-nuin rush oor o 31 October 2007, a bomb explodit on a passenger bus in the ceety, killin at least aicht fowk an injurin aboot 50 in wha Irina Doroshenko, a spokeswumman for the investigative wing o the local prosecutor’s office, said coud be a terrorist attack.[10] At the beginnin o the investigation, it wis believit tae be the wirk o terrorists frae the North Caucasus.[11] Early reports indicatit possible involvement o Chechen terrorist Doku Umarov.[12] Housomeivver, the offeecials later namit a 21-year-auld Evgeny Vakhrushev, who dee'd in the blast an aw, as the anerlie person tae be responsible for the tragedy.[13]
Organizit creeme
[eedit | eedit soorce]The ceety haes a reputation for gang violence atween groups vyin for control o the caur business an aw.[14][15]
Violent creemes
[eedit | eedit soorce]The ceety haes witnessed a mafia killin spree - thare hae been 550 commissioned killins in Togliatti ower 1998-2004, five o thae murthert wur journalists.[16]
Three chief airchitects o Togliatti wur victims o violent creemes: Valery Lopatin wis shot tae daith on 7 Julie 2004, Mikhail Syardin an Aleksander Kiryakov war an aa injured in violent attacks.[17]
A umwhile ceety mayor (1994–2000), Sergey Zhilkin (Сергей Жилкин), wis murdered on 15 November 2008.[18]
On 13 December 2008, Anatoly Stepanov, a vice-speaker o Duma o Samara Oblast, a umwhile heid o admeenistration at the Tsentralny destrict o Togliatti in 1991-1997 an Togliatti mayor candidate in 2004, wis attacked on a street in Togliatti (his hametoun) an left wi serious heid injuries. He dee'd in a hospital on 24 Februar 2009.[19]
Corruption
[eedit | eedit soorce]The ceety's mayor in 2000-2007, Nikolay Utkin (Николай Уткин), wis sentencit tae seiven years in preeson on corruption charges.[20][21]
Local govrenment
[eedit | eedit soorce]
Mayor Anatoly Pushkov wis electit in 2008.
Internaitional relations
[eedit | eedit soorce]Twin touns an sister ceeties
[eedit | eedit soorce]Tolyatti is twinned wi:
Kazanlak, Bulgarie[22]
Wolfsburg, Germany[23]
Flint, Michigan, Unitit States
Luoyang, Cheenae
Piacenza, Italy[24]
Pairtner ceeties
[eedit | eedit soorce]
References
[eedit | eedit soorce]Notes
[eedit | eedit soorce]- ↑ a b c d Charter of Samara Oblast
- ↑ http://www.gks.ru/scripts/db_inet2/passport/table.aspx?opt=36740000200620072008200920102011.
- ↑ a b Invalid reference parameter
- ↑ a b c Law #189-GD
- ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Roushie). 3 Juin 2011. Retrieved 19 Januar 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Roushie)
- ↑ Выписка из реестра Российской системы и плана нумерации Archived 2012-04-09 at the Wayback Machine, Федеральное агенство связи (Россвязь) / ABC code plan by Rossvyaz (Federal Communications Agency of Russia)
- ↑ Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (21 Mey 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population o Roushie, Its Federal Destricts, Federal Subjects, Destricts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Admeenistrative Centres, an Rural Localities wi Population o Ower 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [Aw-Roushie Population Census o 2002] (in Roushie).CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived frae the original on 15 Apryle 2012. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ↑ Bomb on Russian Bus Kills at Least 8, Michael Schwirtz, New York Times, 1 November 2007.
- ↑ 8 dead in Russian terror blast Archived 2007-11-09 at the Wayback Machine, Russia Today, 31 October 2007.
- ↑ Bus blast suspect identified: police Archived 2007-11-07 at the Wayback Machine, Russia Today, 02 November 2007.
- ↑ Togliatti bus bomber named[deid airtin], Russia Today, 03 November 2007.
- ↑ Eight killed in Russia bus blast BBC, 31 October 2007.
- ↑ Криминальная история Тольятти Crime history of Tolyatti.
- ↑ Russian journalism comes under fire Paul Jenkins, BBC, 2 July 2004.
- ↑ В Тольятти новый главный архитектор Archived 2012-04-20 at the Wayback Machine Togliatti has a new chief architect, TLT.ru, 10 April 2009. (in Roushie)
- ↑ "Togliatti State University: We are mouring". Archived frae the original on 10 Mairch 2012. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2012.
- ↑ Загадки убийства Степанова Mysteries in assassination of Stepanov, TLTgorod.ru. (in Roushie)
- ↑ Togliatti Mayor Suspected of Extorting 4-Storey House Archived 2010-09-16 at the Wayback Machine Pavel Sedakov, Kommersant, 17 August 2007.
- ↑ Mayoral Elections Criticized After Arrest Archived 2012-03-14 at the Wayback Machine Natalya Krainova, The St. Petersburg Times, 2 March 2010.
- ↑ Русия – Толиати Archived 2012-05-04 at the Wayback Machine Official site of Kazanlak (in Bulgarie)
- ↑ Togliatti - Russland[deid airtin] Official site of Wolfsburg (in German)
- ↑ Decisione della Giunta comunale di Piacenza del 14 luglio 2009 Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine (in Italian)
Sources
[eedit | eedit soorce]- Самарская Губернская Дума. №179-ГД 18 декабря 2006 г. «Устав Самарской области», в ред. Закона №80-ГД от 10 октября 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 67 Устава Самарской области». Вступил в силу 1 января 2007 г. Опубликован: "Волжская коммуна", №237 (25790), 20 декабря 2006 г. (Samara Governorate Duma. #179-GD December 18, 2006 Charter of Samara Oblast, as amended by the Law #80-GD of October 10, 2012 On Amending Article 67 of the Charter of Samara Oblast. Effective as of January 1, 2007.).
- Самарская Губернская Дума. Закон №189-ГД от 28 декабря 2004 г. «О наделении статусом городского округа и муниципального района муниципальных образований в Самарской области». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волжская коммуна", №247, 31 декабря 2004 г. (Samara Governorate Duma. Law #189-GD of December 28, 2004 On Granting the Status of Urban Okrug and Municipal District to the Municipal Formations in Samara Oblast. Effective as of after ten days from the day of the official publication.).
Freemit airtins
[eedit | eedit soorce]- Offeecial wabsteid o Tolyatti Archived 2012-04-22 at the Wayback Machine
