Social media over the years has been shown to be an important source for information in times of ... more Social media over the years has been shown to be an important source for information in times of crisis and confusion. Citizens who were restricted to their homes due to pandemic-mitigating lockdowns have desired more than ever to be informed about the pandemic, have been exposed to a host of misinformation, which has also affected their trust in the media, as well as the way they have been informed about COVID-19 in the days following. This research aims to analyze how citizens have used the media during COVID-19 and whether they were capable to accurately distinguish misinformation or disinformation from accurate information. To respond to the research question and to test hypotheses a survey based on purposive sampling method was used with citizens that included 850 respondents from the seven main regions of Kosovo. Results of this study indicate that the information-seeking habits have changed within a short period of time and Kosovo society can easily be affected by disinformat...
The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear o... more The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear objective: to join the EU. As the last state from the Balkan Peninsula to do so, Kosovo has signed a Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU. The promise of EU membership is thus on the horizon, but Kosovo expects considerable work to achieve that objective. The Copenhagen Convention requires development in political, economic and legislative contexts. This paper examines Kosovo's development in terms of meeting one of the Copenhagen Criteria: the Political Criteria. By applying the analytical methodology, the paper elaborates Kosovo's progress in the political arena.
Sacrifice, as a social phenomenon, is as old as mankind and is found in almost all cultures. Rela... more Sacrifice, as a social phenomenon, is as old as mankind and is found in almost all cultures. Related to this, the main goal of this paper is to explore the social and historical relation of women's sacrifice in the honour of morale code, then analyzing mediatisation of this phenomenon in the present days. Cultural heritage monuments are such not just because they preserve the object, but also because they are covered with legends and stories. This paper will present three cases of Kosovo's cultural heritage monuments, which are related only to women. The first one is about the Girls' Fortress in Prizren. The fortress took this name because of two legends which were related to women. The second monument filled up in legend is the tomb and mosque of Xhylfatyn in Peja. It is a rare example of a woman's sacrifice for her husband who was an army officer, and whose metamorphosis is on the bridge. The third monument is also related to the act of sacrifice, it represents the...
Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, socia... more Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, social media has an important place in the political and social processes. The article presents recent findings on the use of social media by political elites in Kosovo. The analysis centres around three research questions: (i) is the use of social media by politicians in Kosovo growing; (ii) does the social media have credibility in Kosovo; and (iii) are there cases that indicate political power for social media in Kosovo. The answers to these research questions are provided empirically, by using quantitative data obtained through a survey targeting political science and journalism students (530 respondents). Despite the fact that social media can be faster than traditional media, for many people, social media are not credible and they continue to believe only in traditional media. Therefore, the paper confronts those who always expect to be informed by traditional media and those who see ne...
Esiet sveicināti, Biznesa augstskolas Turība Komunikācijas fakultātes organizētās zinātniskās kon... more Esiet sveicināti, Biznesa augstskolas Turība Komunikācijas fakultātes organizētās zinātniskās konferences "Komunikācija globālajā ciemā: Intereses un ietekmes" dalībnieki! Komunikācija ir ārkārtīgi plašs jēdziens, mūsu ikdienas nepieciešamība, emociju un labklājības avots. Komunikācija ir saruna vienam ar otru, tas ir biznesa darījums un koncerts, tas ir mūsu matu sakārtojums, grāmata vai ceļojums. Arī karš ir komunikācija-gan šobrīd Latvijā tik aktuālais informācijas karš, gan kari tuvākās un tālākās zemēs, kuros šķīst asinis. Arī miera uzturēšana ir komunikācija. Šobrīd dzīvojam globālajā ciemā un mūsu intereses katru dienu tūkstoš dažādos veidos saskaras ar ārkārtīgi atšķirīgām ļoti tuvu viena datortaustiņa klikšķa attālumā esošu cilvēku, uzņēmumu, publiskās pārvaldes institūciju un nevalstisko organizāciju interesēm. Primāras ikvienai personai un organizācijai ir savas intereses un vēlme tās īstenot, ietekmējot citus. Tāpēc ir vitāli svarīgi-cik ātri spējam reaģēt, vai spējam sazināties, samērot intereses, vienoties un sadarboties ar dažādu kultūru un interešu cilvēkiem. Tolerance, dažādu kultūru izpratne, starpkultūru komunikācija, mediju pratība, emocionālā inteliģence un ilgtspēja, pirmkārt, padarīs mūsu dzīvi ilgāku un patīkamāku. Otrkārt, sekmēs biznesa un visas sabiedrības attīstību. Treškārt, nodrošinās mieru globālajā ciemā. Ja jums nav datora, globālo ciemu varat apriņķot ar automašīnu 17 diennaktīs, braucot ar ātrumu 100 km/h bez apstājas. Komunikāciju varam uzskatīt par kultūras, zināšanu un sociālās uzvedības kodolu. Komunikācija ir kultūras dzīves centrā: bez tās ikviena kultūra mirst. No šī izriet, ka komunikācijas studijas ietver kultūras studijas, kurā komunikācija ir integrēta. Tieši tāpēc konferences un šī rakstu krājuma tēmu loks ir tik plašs un ietver šādas nozares: komunikācija, žurnālistika, kulturuloģija, filosofija, vadība, ekonomika, tūrisms, viesmīlība, tiesības, publiskā pārvalde, uzņēmējdarbība, izglītība, valodniecība, demogrāfija un socioloģija. Paldies, ka esat viens no globālā ciema dalībniekiem! Andris Pētersons, Dr.sc.soc., Biznesa augstskolas Turība Komunikācijas fakultātes dekāns, profesors Dear participants of the scientific conference "Communication in the Global Village: Interests and Influences" organized by the Communication faculty at Turiba University. Communication is an extremely wide concept, an everyday necessity and a source of emotion and welfare. Communication is a dialogue with each other, a business deal and a concert; it is our hair style, book or a journey. Even war is communication-the information war is topical in Latvia as well as in the wars of nearby countries or faraway lands where blood is being shed. The maintenance of peace is also communication. Currently, we live in a global village and our interests today are in thousands of ways linked daily to an extremely wide range of interests of people, enterprises, public administration institutions and nongovernmental organisations that are so close to each other, at only the distance of a computer click away. The primary interests of persons and enterprises are their own interests and a desire to realise them by influencing others. Therefore it is vitally important how quickly we are able to respond, to communicate, to balance our interests, agree and cooperate with people from diverse cultures and interests. Tolerance, understanding of different cultures, intercultural communication, media knowledge, emotional intelligence, sustainability firstly make our life longer and pleasant, secondly further business growth and the development of the whole society and thirdly ensure peace in our global village. If you do not have a computer, you can travel around the global village in 17 days nonstop at the speed of 100kms per hour. Communication can be considered as a core of culture, knowledge, and social behaviour. Without communication any culture would disappear because communication is the heart of cultural life. It means that communication studies includes cultural studies. Therefore the topic of conference and the proceedings is so wide and includes these following disciplines:
The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first ... more The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first to inform on events, may possibly lead these outlets to disrespect professional ethics. This paper will discuss the theoretical and ethical aspects of online media, its regulatory framework and particular cases when the respect of ethical standards when reporting on issues of privacy was potentially violated. This paper uses the purposive sampling method and comparative methods. The paper will examine a case study (where the intimate images of a politician were published), and whether ethical standards were respected in that particular case.
The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook ... more The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook by political parties. Kosovo has nearly 1 million Facebook users, and this is one reason that has pushed all political parties, without distinction, to include Facebook in their electoral strategies. The paper analyses the use of Facebook by political parties in the 2017 general election and deals with the adaptation of Kosovar political parties with this new form of political communication and their popularity on Facebook. Data were collected during the campaign using the software R. In the fourth age of political communication, the web 2.0 has changed political campaigns and the flow of information now is more dynamic than in the past. The paper presents the flow of information/messages through Facebook, with politicians connecting directly with citizens, bypassing traditional media. Through a quantitative content analysis of the seven parties’ Facebook pages, it is analysed how they ...
Political communication in Kosovo during the pandemic period was more intense because of importan... more Political communication in Kosovo during the pandemic period was more intense because of important political developments, which occurred simultaneously with the spread of COVID-19. The overthrow of the government complicated Kosovo’s initial response to the crisis and from March 25, the country has been governed by a caretaker government prior to a new governing coalition being formed at the beginning of June. Measures were introduced on March 11 and later containment measures, events and travel restrictions were imposed. The numbers of new COVID-19 cases declined through the month of May when the reopening of the economy also took place. After restrictions were suspended, from the beginning of June, the number of new cases increased but despite this no new restrictions were put in place. Despite the political crisis, Kosovo’s media, especially traditional outlets, provided clear and correct information, maintaining high standards of reporting. However, disinformation caused many p...
Revista Romana de Jurnalism si Comunicare - Romanian Journal of Journalism and Communication, 2016
This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Koso... more This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Kosovo. In the relationship between policymakers and the public opinion, is also a third actor, the media, which I believe plays a huge role alongside citizens and politicians in shaping a certain opinion about, and influence on, politics. Public opinion is a major component of democratic societies, consider the space and the importance provided by political systems in democratic countries. Consequently, public opinion, on one side shows the degree of democratization of a country and on the other hand, the level of civic culture and civic activism. The policy-making process it is a crucial process, which should include all relevant stakeholders, not just those who formulate policies, but also those affected by these decisions, it requires the involvement of the citizen's voice and respective communities, in the process. The role of the public opinion in the policymaking process in Kosovo...
Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectivene... more Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectiveness. It is important to study of this dimension in Kosovo Customs, taking into account the impact and contribution it has to the country's budget. The purpose of this research is to analyze the style of leadership that is mostly used in this organization at both management levels and to see whether that style has influenced the organization's effectiveness. In this study data were collected from various levels of Customs employees. The survey questions have been raised based on two instruments, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, and the Leadership Describing Questionnaire. Also, correlations of leadership styles are tested based on Pearson's theory. The paper analyzes four leadership styles used by the leaders at two managerial levels, the results of the study show that the democratic style is the dominant style of leadership in this institution. Also, the survey results show that, as top-down, also bottom-up, there is a good relationship between leaders and subordinates at both levels of management. Thus, this leader-staff relationship positively affects the effectiveness of Customs.
Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “f... more Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “fronts” aiming to attain EU and international standards. Among these standards, media freedom represents without any doubt one of the most difficult challenges as the country aspires to be democratic and transparent, as well as to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms. Having this in mind, the Kosovo Government is trying to accelerate the integration process by supporting the idea of free and transparent media as a precondition to EU membership. Such an objective has become an obligatory part of many documents deriving from the Kosovo constitution as well as other plans and strategies like the National Strategy for European Integration “Kosovo 2020”. In Kosovo’s integration process, there are several other obstacles, specifically with the opposition of some EU members to recognize the authority of the Republic of Kosovo, but with no doubt, media freedom is among the basic and fund...
The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook ... more The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook by political parties. Kosovo has nearly 1 million Facebook users, and this is one reason that has pushed all political parties, without distinction, to include Facebook in their electoral strategies. The paper analyses the use of Facebook by political parties in the 2017 general election and deals with the adaptation of Kosovar political parties with this new form of political communication and their popularity on Facebook. Data were collected during the campaign using the software R. In the fourth age of political communication, the web 2.0 has changed political campaigns and the flow of information now is more dynamic than in the past. The paper presents the flow of information/messages through Facebook, with politicians connecting directly with citizens, bypassing traditional media. Through a quantitative content analysis of the seven parties’ Facebook pages, it is analysed how they used Facebook as a campaigning tool and based on the findings, the mobilisation function was the dominant one.
The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first ... more The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first to inform on events, may possibly lead these outlets to disrespect professional ethics. This paper will discuss the theoretical and ethical aspects of online media, its regulatory framework and particular cases when the respect of ethical standards when reporting on issues of privacy was potentially violated. This paper uses the purposive sampling method and comparative methods. The paper will examine a case study (where the intimate images of a politician were published), and whether ethical standards were respected in that particular case.
Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectivene... more Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectiveness. It is important to study of this dimension in Kosovo Customs, taking into account the impact and contribution it has to the country's budget. The purpose of this research is to analyze the style of leadership that is mostly used in this organization at both management levels and to see whether that style has influenced the organization's effectiveness. In this study data were collected from various levels of Customs employees. The survey questions have been raised based on two instruments, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, and the Leadership Describing Questionnaire. Also, correlations of leadership styles are tested based on Pearson's theory. The paper analyzes four leadership styles used by the leaders at two managerial levels, the results of the study show that the democratic style is the dominant style of leadership in this institution. Also, the survey results show that, as top-down, also bottom-up, there is a good relationship between leaders and subordinates at both levels of management. Thus, this leader-staff relationship positively affects the effectiveness of Customs.
This paper analyses the agenda of three national television channels in Kosovo, in the death of a... more This paper analyses the agenda of three national television channels in Kosovo, in the death of a member of the Movement for Self-Determination (VV), Astrit Dehari. Research object is the agenda of the three television channels during the two-week period following the death of Dehari until the publication of the report of the autopsy. The death of the VV member, Astrit Dehari in a detention centre in Prizren prompted many reactions and controversies, political and civil. VV supported the cause by demanding justice for Dehari, while other political actors were interested in closing the public coverage of this case as soon as possible. Three national television stations RTK, KTV and RTV 21 gave space to the case in various forms in the main news editions of television stations. To establish the agendas of the media, we carried out a content analysis of daily newscasts of the Kosovar public service broadcaster RTK, and two other national broadcasters, KTV and RTV 21 during the “hot phase” of the death in suspicious circumstances of a member of a political party in detention. The research samples are 42 main news editions of three national television channels during November 6th to 20th, and the analysis is conducted based on the Agenda-Setting theory, according to news prominence in television which was defined by placement as one of the first three news items or any discussion that lasted more than 45 seconds. As results show, the biggest difference stood between RTK and two other national television stations, KTV and RTV 21. Exclusion of news occurs on public television during the analysed period while KTV and RTV 21 were more active in the political and civic cause of seeking justice for Dehari. The pattern of news coverage across national television broadcaster was measured by the position and length of stories.
The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear o... more The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear objective: to join the EU. As the last state from the Balkan Peninsula to do so, Kosovo has signed a Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU. The promise of EU membership is thus on the horizon, but Kosovo expects considerable work to achieve that objective. The Copenhagen Convention requires development in political, economic and legislative contexts. This paper examines Kosovo's development in terms of meeting one of the Copenhagen Criteria: the Political Criteria. By applying the analytical methodology, the paper elaborates Kosovo's progress in the political arena.
This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Koso... more This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Kosovo. In the relationship between policymakers and the public opinion, is also a third actor, the media, which I believe plays a huge role alongside citizens and politicians in shaping a certain opinion about, and influence on, politics. Public opinion is a major component of democratic societies, consider the space and the importance provided by political systems in democratic countries. Consequently, public opinion, on one side shows the degree of democratization of a country and on the other hand, the level of civic culture and civic activism. The policy-making process it is a crucial process, which should include all relevant stakeholders, not just those who formulate policies, but also those affected by these decisions, it requires the involvement of the citizen's voice and respective communities, in the process. The role of the public opinion in the policymaking process in Kosovo has been strengthened over the years and notably after Kosovo’s independence, especially in the first phase, that of problem identification. In this context, media plays a major role, including also new media and there are frequent cases when media reports or disclosure or influential personalities from civil society have influenced some citizens requirements to gain the deserved attention from the government.
Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, socia... more Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, social media has an important place in the political and social processes. The article presents recent findings on the use of social media by political elites in Kosovo. The analysis centres around three research questions: (i) is the use of social media by politicians in Kosovo growing; (ii) does the social media have credibility in Kosovo; and (iii) are there cases that indicate political power for social media in Kosovo. The answers to these research questions are provided empirically, by using quantitative data obtained through a survey targeting political science and journalism students (530 respondents). Despite the fact that social media can be faster than traditional media, for many people, social media are not credible and they continue to believe only in traditional media. Therefore, the paper confronts those who always expect to be informed by traditional media and those who see new media as a credible replacement for traditional media.
Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “f... more Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “fronts” aiming to attain EU and international standards. Among these standards, media freedom represents without any doubt one of the most difficult challenges as the country aspires to be democratic and transparent, as well as to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms. Having this in mind, the Kosovo Government is trying to accelerate the integration process by supporting the idea of free and transparent media as a precondition to EU membership. Such an objective has become an obligatory part of many documents deriving from the Kosovo constitution as well as other plans and strategies like the National Strategy for European Integration “Kosovo 2020”. In Kosovo’s integration process, there are several other obstacles, specifically with the opposition of some EU members to recognize the authority of the Republic of Kosovo, but with no doubt, media freedom is among the basic and fundamental ones. Thus, this paper attempts to present and analyse the approaches that the Kosovo institutions are using to improve the process of having a free, transparent and democratic media as an important component of the integration process and EU membership. Keywords: Democratic Media; EU Integration; EU Membership; Free Media; Progress Report; Transparent Media
Social media over the years has been shown to be an important source for information in times of ... more Social media over the years has been shown to be an important source for information in times of crisis and confusion. Citizens who were restricted to their homes due to pandemic-mitigating lockdowns have desired more than ever to be informed about the pandemic, have been exposed to a host of misinformation, which has also affected their trust in the media, as well as the way they have been informed about COVID-19 in the days following. This research aims to analyze how citizens have used the media during COVID-19 and whether they were capable to accurately distinguish misinformation or disinformation from accurate information. To respond to the research question and to test hypotheses a survey based on purposive sampling method was used with citizens that included 850 respondents from the seven main regions of Kosovo. Results of this study indicate that the information-seeking habits have changed within a short period of time and Kosovo society can easily be affected by disinformat...
The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear o... more The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear objective: to join the EU. As the last state from the Balkan Peninsula to do so, Kosovo has signed a Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU. The promise of EU membership is thus on the horizon, but Kosovo expects considerable work to achieve that objective. The Copenhagen Convention requires development in political, economic and legislative contexts. This paper examines Kosovo's development in terms of meeting one of the Copenhagen Criteria: the Political Criteria. By applying the analytical methodology, the paper elaborates Kosovo's progress in the political arena.
Sacrifice, as a social phenomenon, is as old as mankind and is found in almost all cultures. Rela... more Sacrifice, as a social phenomenon, is as old as mankind and is found in almost all cultures. Related to this, the main goal of this paper is to explore the social and historical relation of women's sacrifice in the honour of morale code, then analyzing mediatisation of this phenomenon in the present days. Cultural heritage monuments are such not just because they preserve the object, but also because they are covered with legends and stories. This paper will present three cases of Kosovo's cultural heritage monuments, which are related only to women. The first one is about the Girls' Fortress in Prizren. The fortress took this name because of two legends which were related to women. The second monument filled up in legend is the tomb and mosque of Xhylfatyn in Peja. It is a rare example of a woman's sacrifice for her husband who was an army officer, and whose metamorphosis is on the bridge. The third monument is also related to the act of sacrifice, it represents the...
Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, socia... more Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, social media has an important place in the political and social processes. The article presents recent findings on the use of social media by political elites in Kosovo. The analysis centres around three research questions: (i) is the use of social media by politicians in Kosovo growing; (ii) does the social media have credibility in Kosovo; and (iii) are there cases that indicate political power for social media in Kosovo. The answers to these research questions are provided empirically, by using quantitative data obtained through a survey targeting political science and journalism students (530 respondents). Despite the fact that social media can be faster than traditional media, for many people, social media are not credible and they continue to believe only in traditional media. Therefore, the paper confronts those who always expect to be informed by traditional media and those who see ne...
Esiet sveicināti, Biznesa augstskolas Turība Komunikācijas fakultātes organizētās zinātniskās kon... more Esiet sveicināti, Biznesa augstskolas Turība Komunikācijas fakultātes organizētās zinātniskās konferences "Komunikācija globālajā ciemā: Intereses un ietekmes" dalībnieki! Komunikācija ir ārkārtīgi plašs jēdziens, mūsu ikdienas nepieciešamība, emociju un labklājības avots. Komunikācija ir saruna vienam ar otru, tas ir biznesa darījums un koncerts, tas ir mūsu matu sakārtojums, grāmata vai ceļojums. Arī karš ir komunikācija-gan šobrīd Latvijā tik aktuālais informācijas karš, gan kari tuvākās un tālākās zemēs, kuros šķīst asinis. Arī miera uzturēšana ir komunikācija. Šobrīd dzīvojam globālajā ciemā un mūsu intereses katru dienu tūkstoš dažādos veidos saskaras ar ārkārtīgi atšķirīgām ļoti tuvu viena datortaustiņa klikšķa attālumā esošu cilvēku, uzņēmumu, publiskās pārvaldes institūciju un nevalstisko organizāciju interesēm. Primāras ikvienai personai un organizācijai ir savas intereses un vēlme tās īstenot, ietekmējot citus. Tāpēc ir vitāli svarīgi-cik ātri spējam reaģēt, vai spējam sazināties, samērot intereses, vienoties un sadarboties ar dažādu kultūru un interešu cilvēkiem. Tolerance, dažādu kultūru izpratne, starpkultūru komunikācija, mediju pratība, emocionālā inteliģence un ilgtspēja, pirmkārt, padarīs mūsu dzīvi ilgāku un patīkamāku. Otrkārt, sekmēs biznesa un visas sabiedrības attīstību. Treškārt, nodrošinās mieru globālajā ciemā. Ja jums nav datora, globālo ciemu varat apriņķot ar automašīnu 17 diennaktīs, braucot ar ātrumu 100 km/h bez apstājas. Komunikāciju varam uzskatīt par kultūras, zināšanu un sociālās uzvedības kodolu. Komunikācija ir kultūras dzīves centrā: bez tās ikviena kultūra mirst. No šī izriet, ka komunikācijas studijas ietver kultūras studijas, kurā komunikācija ir integrēta. Tieši tāpēc konferences un šī rakstu krājuma tēmu loks ir tik plašs un ietver šādas nozares: komunikācija, žurnālistika, kulturuloģija, filosofija, vadība, ekonomika, tūrisms, viesmīlība, tiesības, publiskā pārvalde, uzņēmējdarbība, izglītība, valodniecība, demogrāfija un socioloģija. Paldies, ka esat viens no globālā ciema dalībniekiem! Andris Pētersons, Dr.sc.soc., Biznesa augstskolas Turība Komunikācijas fakultātes dekāns, profesors Dear participants of the scientific conference "Communication in the Global Village: Interests and Influences" organized by the Communication faculty at Turiba University. Communication is an extremely wide concept, an everyday necessity and a source of emotion and welfare. Communication is a dialogue with each other, a business deal and a concert; it is our hair style, book or a journey. Even war is communication-the information war is topical in Latvia as well as in the wars of nearby countries or faraway lands where blood is being shed. The maintenance of peace is also communication. Currently, we live in a global village and our interests today are in thousands of ways linked daily to an extremely wide range of interests of people, enterprises, public administration institutions and nongovernmental organisations that are so close to each other, at only the distance of a computer click away. The primary interests of persons and enterprises are their own interests and a desire to realise them by influencing others. Therefore it is vitally important how quickly we are able to respond, to communicate, to balance our interests, agree and cooperate with people from diverse cultures and interests. Tolerance, understanding of different cultures, intercultural communication, media knowledge, emotional intelligence, sustainability firstly make our life longer and pleasant, secondly further business growth and the development of the whole society and thirdly ensure peace in our global village. If you do not have a computer, you can travel around the global village in 17 days nonstop at the speed of 100kms per hour. Communication can be considered as a core of culture, knowledge, and social behaviour. Without communication any culture would disappear because communication is the heart of cultural life. It means that communication studies includes cultural studies. Therefore the topic of conference and the proceedings is so wide and includes these following disciplines:
The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first ... more The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first to inform on events, may possibly lead these outlets to disrespect professional ethics. This paper will discuss the theoretical and ethical aspects of online media, its regulatory framework and particular cases when the respect of ethical standards when reporting on issues of privacy was potentially violated. This paper uses the purposive sampling method and comparative methods. The paper will examine a case study (where the intimate images of a politician were published), and whether ethical standards were respected in that particular case.
The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook ... more The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook by political parties. Kosovo has nearly 1 million Facebook users, and this is one reason that has pushed all political parties, without distinction, to include Facebook in their electoral strategies. The paper analyses the use of Facebook by political parties in the 2017 general election and deals with the adaptation of Kosovar political parties with this new form of political communication and their popularity on Facebook. Data were collected during the campaign using the software R. In the fourth age of political communication, the web 2.0 has changed political campaigns and the flow of information now is more dynamic than in the past. The paper presents the flow of information/messages through Facebook, with politicians connecting directly with citizens, bypassing traditional media. Through a quantitative content analysis of the seven parties’ Facebook pages, it is analysed how they ...
Political communication in Kosovo during the pandemic period was more intense because of importan... more Political communication in Kosovo during the pandemic period was more intense because of important political developments, which occurred simultaneously with the spread of COVID-19. The overthrow of the government complicated Kosovo’s initial response to the crisis and from March 25, the country has been governed by a caretaker government prior to a new governing coalition being formed at the beginning of June. Measures were introduced on March 11 and later containment measures, events and travel restrictions were imposed. The numbers of new COVID-19 cases declined through the month of May when the reopening of the economy also took place. After restrictions were suspended, from the beginning of June, the number of new cases increased but despite this no new restrictions were put in place. Despite the political crisis, Kosovo’s media, especially traditional outlets, provided clear and correct information, maintaining high standards of reporting. However, disinformation caused many p...
Revista Romana de Jurnalism si Comunicare - Romanian Journal of Journalism and Communication, 2016
This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Koso... more This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Kosovo. In the relationship between policymakers and the public opinion, is also a third actor, the media, which I believe plays a huge role alongside citizens and politicians in shaping a certain opinion about, and influence on, politics. Public opinion is a major component of democratic societies, consider the space and the importance provided by political systems in democratic countries. Consequently, public opinion, on one side shows the degree of democratization of a country and on the other hand, the level of civic culture and civic activism. The policy-making process it is a crucial process, which should include all relevant stakeholders, not just those who formulate policies, but also those affected by these decisions, it requires the involvement of the citizen's voice and respective communities, in the process. The role of the public opinion in the policymaking process in Kosovo...
Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectivene... more Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectiveness. It is important to study of this dimension in Kosovo Customs, taking into account the impact and contribution it has to the country's budget. The purpose of this research is to analyze the style of leadership that is mostly used in this organization at both management levels and to see whether that style has influenced the organization's effectiveness. In this study data were collected from various levels of Customs employees. The survey questions have been raised based on two instruments, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, and the Leadership Describing Questionnaire. Also, correlations of leadership styles are tested based on Pearson's theory. The paper analyzes four leadership styles used by the leaders at two managerial levels, the results of the study show that the democratic style is the dominant style of leadership in this institution. Also, the survey results show that, as top-down, also bottom-up, there is a good relationship between leaders and subordinates at both levels of management. Thus, this leader-staff relationship positively affects the effectiveness of Customs.
Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “f... more Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “fronts” aiming to attain EU and international standards. Among these standards, media freedom represents without any doubt one of the most difficult challenges as the country aspires to be democratic and transparent, as well as to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms. Having this in mind, the Kosovo Government is trying to accelerate the integration process by supporting the idea of free and transparent media as a precondition to EU membership. Such an objective has become an obligatory part of many documents deriving from the Kosovo constitution as well as other plans and strategies like the National Strategy for European Integration “Kosovo 2020”. In Kosovo’s integration process, there are several other obstacles, specifically with the opposition of some EU members to recognize the authority of the Republic of Kosovo, but with no doubt, media freedom is among the basic and fund...
The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook ... more The 2017 general elections in Kosovo are the first to be considered for the high use of Facebook by political parties. Kosovo has nearly 1 million Facebook users, and this is one reason that has pushed all political parties, without distinction, to include Facebook in their electoral strategies. The paper analyses the use of Facebook by political parties in the 2017 general election and deals with the adaptation of Kosovar political parties with this new form of political communication and their popularity on Facebook. Data were collected during the campaign using the software R. In the fourth age of political communication, the web 2.0 has changed political campaigns and the flow of information now is more dynamic than in the past. The paper presents the flow of information/messages through Facebook, with politicians connecting directly with citizens, bypassing traditional media. Through a quantitative content analysis of the seven parties’ Facebook pages, it is analysed how they used Facebook as a campaigning tool and based on the findings, the mobilisation function was the dominant one.
The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first ... more The pluralism of online media outlets, as well as the objective of these outlets to be the first to inform on events, may possibly lead these outlets to disrespect professional ethics. This paper will discuss the theoretical and ethical aspects of online media, its regulatory framework and particular cases when the respect of ethical standards when reporting on issues of privacy was potentially violated. This paper uses the purposive sampling method and comparative methods. The paper will examine a case study (where the intimate images of a politician were published), and whether ethical standards were respected in that particular case.
Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectivene... more Leadership styles and leader-staff relationships have always impact on organizational effectiveness. It is important to study of this dimension in Kosovo Customs, taking into account the impact and contribution it has to the country's budget. The purpose of this research is to analyze the style of leadership that is mostly used in this organization at both management levels and to see whether that style has influenced the organization's effectiveness. In this study data were collected from various levels of Customs employees. The survey questions have been raised based on two instruments, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, and the Leadership Describing Questionnaire. Also, correlations of leadership styles are tested based on Pearson's theory. The paper analyzes four leadership styles used by the leaders at two managerial levels, the results of the study show that the democratic style is the dominant style of leadership in this institution. Also, the survey results show that, as top-down, also bottom-up, there is a good relationship between leaders and subordinates at both levels of management. Thus, this leader-staff relationship positively affects the effectiveness of Customs.
This paper analyses the agenda of three national television channels in Kosovo, in the death of a... more This paper analyses the agenda of three national television channels in Kosovo, in the death of a member of the Movement for Self-Determination (VV), Astrit Dehari. Research object is the agenda of the three television channels during the two-week period following the death of Dehari until the publication of the report of the autopsy. The death of the VV member, Astrit Dehari in a detention centre in Prizren prompted many reactions and controversies, political and civil. VV supported the cause by demanding justice for Dehari, while other political actors were interested in closing the public coverage of this case as soon as possible. Three national television stations RTK, KTV and RTV 21 gave space to the case in various forms in the main news editions of television stations. To establish the agendas of the media, we carried out a content analysis of daily newscasts of the Kosovar public service broadcaster RTK, and two other national broadcasters, KTV and RTV 21 during the “hot phase” of the death in suspicious circumstances of a member of a political party in detention. The research samples are 42 main news editions of three national television channels during November 6th to 20th, and the analysis is conducted based on the Agenda-Setting theory, according to news prominence in television which was defined by placement as one of the first three news items or any discussion that lasted more than 45 seconds. As results show, the biggest difference stood between RTK and two other national television stations, KTV and RTV 21. Exclusion of news occurs on public television during the analysed period while KTV and RTV 21 were more active in the political and civic cause of seeking justice for Dehari. The pattern of news coverage across national television broadcaster was measured by the position and length of stories.
The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear o... more The Republic of Kosovo is fully committed to the process of European Integration with one clear objective: to join the EU. As the last state from the Balkan Peninsula to do so, Kosovo has signed a Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU. The promise of EU membership is thus on the horizon, but Kosovo expects considerable work to achieve that objective. The Copenhagen Convention requires development in political, economic and legislative contexts. This paper examines Kosovo's development in terms of meeting one of the Copenhagen Criteria: the Political Criteria. By applying the analytical methodology, the paper elaborates Kosovo's progress in the political arena.
This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Koso... more This paper examines relationships between media content, public opinion, and policymaking in Kosovo. In the relationship between policymakers and the public opinion, is also a third actor, the media, which I believe plays a huge role alongside citizens and politicians in shaping a certain opinion about, and influence on, politics. Public opinion is a major component of democratic societies, consider the space and the importance provided by political systems in democratic countries. Consequently, public opinion, on one side shows the degree of democratization of a country and on the other hand, the level of civic culture and civic activism. The policy-making process it is a crucial process, which should include all relevant stakeholders, not just those who formulate policies, but also those affected by these decisions, it requires the involvement of the citizen's voice and respective communities, in the process. The role of the public opinion in the policymaking process in Kosovo has been strengthened over the years and notably after Kosovo’s independence, especially in the first phase, that of problem identification. In this context, media plays a major role, including also new media and there are frequent cases when media reports or disclosure or influential personalities from civil society have influenced some citizens requirements to gain the deserved attention from the government.
Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, socia... more Media considered as the fourth power in a democratic country. In the era of digitalization, social media has an important place in the political and social processes. The article presents recent findings on the use of social media by political elites in Kosovo. The analysis centres around three research questions: (i) is the use of social media by politicians in Kosovo growing; (ii) does the social media have credibility in Kosovo; and (iii) are there cases that indicate political power for social media in Kosovo. The answers to these research questions are provided empirically, by using quantitative data obtained through a survey targeting political science and journalism students (530 respondents). Despite the fact that social media can be faster than traditional media, for many people, social media are not credible and they continue to believe only in traditional media. Therefore, the paper confronts those who always expect to be informed by traditional media and those who see new media as a credible replacement for traditional media.
Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “f... more Kosovo, like all EU members as well as those aspiring to join the EU, is fighting on different “fronts” aiming to attain EU and international standards. Among these standards, media freedom represents without any doubt one of the most difficult challenges as the country aspires to be democratic and transparent, as well as to respect human rights and fundamental freedoms. Having this in mind, the Kosovo Government is trying to accelerate the integration process by supporting the idea of free and transparent media as a precondition to EU membership. Such an objective has become an obligatory part of many documents deriving from the Kosovo constitution as well as other plans and strategies like the National Strategy for European Integration “Kosovo 2020”. In Kosovo’s integration process, there are several other obstacles, specifically with the opposition of some EU members to recognize the authority of the Republic of Kosovo, but with no doubt, media freedom is among the basic and fundamental ones. Thus, this paper attempts to present and analyse the approaches that the Kosovo institutions are using to improve the process of having a free, transparent and democratic media as an important component of the integration process and EU membership. Keywords: Democratic Media; EU Integration; EU Membership; Free Media; Progress Report; Transparent Media
Libri është i organizuar në katër pjesë. Pjesa I-rë prezanton fenomenin e çrregullimit informativ... more Libri është i organizuar në katër pjesë. Pjesa I-rë prezanton fenomenin e çrregullimit informativ, si dhe shpjegon pse termi “fake news” duhet të zëvendësohet me termet adekuate, varësisht nga mënyra dhe lloji i manipulimi. Pjesa II-të zbërthen dezinformimin që targeton shtetin e Kosovës, ndërkaq, në pjesën e III-të, fokusi është te pandemia, dezinformatat që e shoqëruan COVID-19 ndër vite dhe modelin tre-hapësh që ndihmon secilin të mbrohet nga të gjitha llojet e çrregullimit informativ. Pjesa e IVtë merret me një nga zgjidhjet më gjithpërfshirëse të çrregullimit informativ, atë të edukimit medial, si dhe të sfidave të Kosovës në shtrirjen e edukimit medial në shoqëri.
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Papers by Dren Gërguri
precondition to EU membership. Such an objective has become an obligatory part of many documents deriving from the Kosovo constitution as well as other plans and strategies like the National Strategy for European Integration “Kosovo 2020”. In Kosovo’s integration process, there are several other obstacles, specifically with the opposition of some EU members to recognize the authority of the Republic of Kosovo, but with no doubt, media freedom is among the basic and fundamental ones. Thus, this paper attempts to present and analyse the approaches that the Kosovo institutions are using to improve
the process of having a free, transparent and democratic media as an important component of the integration process and EU membership.
Keywords: Democratic Media; EU Integration; EU Membership; Free Media; Progress Report; Transparent Media
precondition to EU membership. Such an objective has become an obligatory part of many documents deriving from the Kosovo constitution as well as other plans and strategies like the National Strategy for European Integration “Kosovo 2020”. In Kosovo’s integration process, there are several other obstacles, specifically with the opposition of some EU members to recognize the authority of the Republic of Kosovo, but with no doubt, media freedom is among the basic and fundamental ones. Thus, this paper attempts to present and analyse the approaches that the Kosovo institutions are using to improve
the process of having a free, transparent and democratic media as an important component of the integration process and EU membership.
Keywords: Democratic Media; EU Integration; EU Membership; Free Media; Progress Report; Transparent Media