This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a ... more This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a delivery model for an online distance master’s degree. Working under the managerial constraint of ensuring that the course delivery is sustainably affordable, the focus was to develop a model that structures tutor to student engagement in such a way as to ensure the maintenance of a high standard of teaching and learning. This model is put forward as an approach that is applicable in a variety of contexts, and hence of value to course developers from other institutions investigating ways of effectively delivering online courses.
One of the intractable problems facing society is how to ensure workers are safe as well as produ... more One of the intractable problems facing society is how to ensure workers are safe as well as productive. Yet, knowing where to look for answers poses a considerable challenge to safety researchers. Consequently, employee safety behaviour is a relatively under-researched topic. This thesis takes a novel approach and applies psychological contract theory, which proposes that employees’ workplace behaviours are a function of the reciprocal obligations that arise when promises are made, paid for, and are subsequently honoured or broken. A dual-pathway model is tested in which the motivational and attentional resources of individuals (operationalised as psychological contract violation and cognitive failure) are hypothesised to explain the independent relationships of fulfilment and breach with a range of safe, unsafe and unhealthy behaviours. The two pathways draw on Affective Events and Ego Depletion theories. The research is conducted with seafarers working for two merchant shipping or...
This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) t... more This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training in the international shipping industry, a concept that was first advanced through the use of simulators in maritime training colleges over 25 years ago. The paper charts the development of the shipping industry’s approach to the preparation of bridge and engine room teams for normal and abnormal operations, and critiques the current training regime in resource management. Two case studies are presented to highlight some of the CRM issues raised by recent maritime casualties, and the paper then proceeds to set out a research agenda for exploring some of these issues. The paper provides an overview of three research initiatives: the first is to gain a better theoretical understanding of the nature of shared situational awareness and mental models in "real world" maritime operations. A second initiative is to identify a set of behavioural markers for assessing the non-tech...
The significance of human factors in commercial shipping operations is now universally recognized... more The significance of human factors in commercial shipping operations is now universally recognized. But, in comparison with our appreciation of technology, the application of our knowledge concerning human performance, and the factors that shape and influence it, remains relatively neglected, and certainly unexploited, in the safe conduct of maritime operations. This paper opens with a review of recent accident analyses and case studies to highlight the importance of non-technical skills in contributing to maritime casualties. The paper provides an overview of recent innovative developments in simulator-based nontechnical skills training and assessment, through which the following issues are addressed:
SUMMARY The maritime training establishment at Warsash Maritime Centre is moving toward the deliv... more SUMMARY The maritime training establishment at Warsash Maritime Centre is moving toward the delivery of novel courses that concentrate on non-technical or human behavioural aspects of ship operations. This paper describes the philosophical underpinnings and the evidence-based process upon which one such course, being run at the Centre, was developed. The authors explain how and why the course is designed for the specific development of social and cognitive skills or 'crew resource management skills' in ships' officers. The paper concludes with an outline of future research that will consider how the training context, full-mission simulator or desktop scenario, in which the social and cognitive skills of the ships' officers are exercised, influences the successful development of these non-technical skills
This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) t... more This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training in the international shipping industry, a concept that was first advanced through the use of simulators in maritime training colleges over 25 years ago. The paper charts the development of the shipping industry's approach to the preparation of bridge and engine room teams for normal and abnormal operations, and critiques the current training regime in resource management. Two case studies are presented to highlight some of the CRM issues raised by recent maritime casualties, and the paper then proceeds to set out a research agenda for exploring some of these issues. The paper provides an overview of three research initiatives: the first is to gain a better theoretical understanding of the nature of shared situational awareness and mental models in "real world" maritime operations. A second initiative is to identify a set of behavioural markers for assessing the non-technical skills of crisis management. The third initiative is to explore the role of organisational factors in safe operation, in recognition of the limitations of operator training as a panacea to prevent the re-occurrence of accidents.
This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a ... more This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a delivery model for an online distance master's degree. Working under the managerial constraint of ensuring that the course delivery is sustainably affordable, the focus was to develop a model that structures tutor to student engagement in such a way as to ensure the maintenance of a high standard of teaching and learning. This model is put forward as an approach that is applicable in a variety of contexts, and hence of value to course developers from other institutions investigating ways of effectively delivering online courses.
The objective of the study was to provide, through a series of interviews with key personnel from... more The objective of the study was to provide, through a series of interviews with key personnel from a range of European Member States, an overview of the following:
It has always been a challenge to evaluate the effectiveness of maritime education and training d... more It has always been a challenge to evaluate the effectiveness of maritime education and training due to the difficulty in gaining access to the students once they have finished their training and returned to sea. The research team at Warsash Maritime Academy has elected to meet this challenge by developing a novel approach to evaluation, which it is hoped will
This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) t... more This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training in the international shipping industry, a concept that was first advanced through the use of simulators in maritime training colleges over 25 years ago. The paper charts ...
... David Gatfield joined Warsash Maritime Centre in 1996 and is a Senior Lecturer and Unit Manag... more ... David Gatfield joined Warsash Maritime Centre in 1996 and is a Senior Lecturer and Unit Manager of the Machinery Space Simulator at Warsash ... He is currently conducting research for a PhD inbehavioural markers for the assessment of competence in crisis management. ...
This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a ... more This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a delivery model for an online distance master’s degree. Working under the managerial constraint of ensuring that the course delivery is sustainably affordable, the focus was to develop a model that structures tutor to student engagement in such a way as to ensure the maintenance of a high standard of teaching and learning. This model is put forward as an approach that is applicable in a variety of contexts, and hence of value to course developers from other institutions investigating ways of effectively delivering online courses.
One of the intractable problems facing society is how to ensure workers are safe as well as produ... more One of the intractable problems facing society is how to ensure workers are safe as well as productive. Yet, knowing where to look for answers poses a considerable challenge to safety researchers. Consequently, employee safety behaviour is a relatively under-researched topic. This thesis takes a novel approach and applies psychological contract theory, which proposes that employees’ workplace behaviours are a function of the reciprocal obligations that arise when promises are made, paid for, and are subsequently honoured or broken. A dual-pathway model is tested in which the motivational and attentional resources of individuals (operationalised as psychological contract violation and cognitive failure) are hypothesised to explain the independent relationships of fulfilment and breach with a range of safe, unsafe and unhealthy behaviours. The two pathways draw on Affective Events and Ego Depletion theories. The research is conducted with seafarers working for two merchant shipping or...
This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) t... more This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training in the international shipping industry, a concept that was first advanced through the use of simulators in maritime training colleges over 25 years ago. The paper charts the development of the shipping industry’s approach to the preparation of bridge and engine room teams for normal and abnormal operations, and critiques the current training regime in resource management. Two case studies are presented to highlight some of the CRM issues raised by recent maritime casualties, and the paper then proceeds to set out a research agenda for exploring some of these issues. The paper provides an overview of three research initiatives: the first is to gain a better theoretical understanding of the nature of shared situational awareness and mental models in "real world" maritime operations. A second initiative is to identify a set of behavioural markers for assessing the non-tech...
The significance of human factors in commercial shipping operations is now universally recognized... more The significance of human factors in commercial shipping operations is now universally recognized. But, in comparison with our appreciation of technology, the application of our knowledge concerning human performance, and the factors that shape and influence it, remains relatively neglected, and certainly unexploited, in the safe conduct of maritime operations. This paper opens with a review of recent accident analyses and case studies to highlight the importance of non-technical skills in contributing to maritime casualties. The paper provides an overview of recent innovative developments in simulator-based nontechnical skills training and assessment, through which the following issues are addressed:
SUMMARY The maritime training establishment at Warsash Maritime Centre is moving toward the deliv... more SUMMARY The maritime training establishment at Warsash Maritime Centre is moving toward the delivery of novel courses that concentrate on non-technical or human behavioural aspects of ship operations. This paper describes the philosophical underpinnings and the evidence-based process upon which one such course, being run at the Centre, was developed. The authors explain how and why the course is designed for the specific development of social and cognitive skills or 'crew resource management skills' in ships' officers. The paper concludes with an outline of future research that will consider how the training context, full-mission simulator or desktop scenario, in which the social and cognitive skills of the ships' officers are exercised, influences the successful development of these non-technical skills
This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) t... more This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training in the international shipping industry, a concept that was first advanced through the use of simulators in maritime training colleges over 25 years ago. The paper charts the development of the shipping industry's approach to the preparation of bridge and engine room teams for normal and abnormal operations, and critiques the current training regime in resource management. Two case studies are presented to highlight some of the CRM issues raised by recent maritime casualties, and the paper then proceeds to set out a research agenda for exploring some of these issues. The paper provides an overview of three research initiatives: the first is to gain a better theoretical understanding of the nature of shared situational awareness and mental models in "real world" maritime operations. A second initiative is to identify a set of behavioural markers for assessing the non-technical skills of crisis management. The third initiative is to explore the role of organisational factors in safe operation, in recognition of the limitations of operator training as a panacea to prevent the re-occurrence of accidents.
This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a ... more This paper illustrates the work of a course team at Southampton Solent University to establish a delivery model for an online distance master's degree. Working under the managerial constraint of ensuring that the course delivery is sustainably affordable, the focus was to develop a model that structures tutor to student engagement in such a way as to ensure the maintenance of a high standard of teaching and learning. This model is put forward as an approach that is applicable in a variety of contexts, and hence of value to course developers from other institutions investigating ways of effectively delivering online courses.
The objective of the study was to provide, through a series of interviews with key personnel from... more The objective of the study was to provide, through a series of interviews with key personnel from a range of European Member States, an overview of the following:
It has always been a challenge to evaluate the effectiveness of maritime education and training d... more It has always been a challenge to evaluate the effectiveness of maritime education and training due to the difficulty in gaining access to the students once they have finished their training and returned to sea. The research team at Warsash Maritime Academy has elected to meet this challenge by developing a novel approach to evaluation, which it is hoped will
This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) t... more This paper opens with a brief introduction to the development of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training in the international shipping industry, a concept that was first advanced through the use of simulators in maritime training colleges over 25 years ago. The paper charts ...
... David Gatfield joined Warsash Maritime Centre in 1996 and is a Senior Lecturer and Unit Manag... more ... David Gatfield joined Warsash Maritime Centre in 1996 and is a Senior Lecturer and Unit Manager of the Machinery Space Simulator at Warsash ... He is currently conducting research for a PhD inbehavioural markers for the assessment of competence in crisis management. ...
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Papers by Claire Pekcan