Betula nigra

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Fagales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Eudicots Cladus: Core eudicots Cladus: Rosids Cladus: Eurosids I Ordo: Fagales

Familia: Betulaceae
Subfamilia: Betuloideae
Genus: Betula
Subgenus: Betula subg. Betula
Sectio: Betula sect. Dahuricae
Species: Betula nigra

Name

Betula nigra L., Sp. Pl. 2: 982 (1753).

Protologue locality: "Habitat in Virginia, Canada."
Lectotype (designated by Reveal in Jarvis 2007: 349): Herb. Linn. No. 1109.7 (LINN).

Synonyms

Heterotypic
- Betula americana Buc'hoz, Herb. Color. Amérique: t. CIX (1783), nom. nud.
- Betula lanulosa Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 181 (1803).
- Betula rubra F.Michx., Hist. Arbr. Forest. 2: 143 (1811).
- Betula rupestris Raf., W. Rev. & Misc. Mag. 1: 228 (1819).
- Betula nigra pendula Paul, Handb. Villa Gard.: 107 (1855), nom. nud.
- Betula nigra var. parvifolia Regel, Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 13(2): 120 (1861).

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
- Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
  - Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wisconsin.
- Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut, Indiana, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
- Regional: South-Central U.S.A.
  - Texas.
- Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 982. Reference page.

Additional references

Ashburner, K. & McAllister, H.A. 2013. The genus Betula: A taxonomic revision of birches (A Botanical Magazine Monograph). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 431 pp., ISBN 978-1-84246-141-9. Reference page.
Stritch, L., 2014. Betula nigra. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014. IUCN Red List Category: (Least Concern). DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T194551A2348770.en. Reference page.
Wang. N., McAllister, H.A., Bartlett, P.R. & Buggs, R.J.A. 2016. Molecular phylogeny and genome size evolution of the genus Betula (Betulaceae). Annals of Botany 117(6): 1023–1035. DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw048 Reference page.
Jarvis, C.E. 2007. Order out of Chaos: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types. London: Linnean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum, ISBN 978-0-9506207-7-0, p. 349. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Betula nigra in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 February 7. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Betula nigra. Published online. Accessed: 7 February 2019.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Betula nigra in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Mar 15. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 3600067. 23. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: Oct. 2017 3600067.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Betula nigra in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.
USDA NRCS PLANTS Profile

Vernacular names

башҡортса: Ҡара ҡайын
Deutsch: Schwarz-Birke
English: River Birch
suomi: Mustakoivu
français: Bouleau noir
Nederlands: Rode berk
Türkçe: Kara huş

For more multimedia, look at Betula nigra on Wikimedia Commons.