Address Geocoding/Location Building unified spatial system that can be used for Georeferencing, n... more Address Geocoding/Location Building unified spatial system that can be used for Georeferencing, navigation, and tracking is an essential step in Navigation and address location applications. The objective of this work is focused on designing a suitable geospatial model, drafting implementation procedure, building the geospatial information system and testing the results using GPS control network and specially developed customized GIS software. Thus, the resultant system can be utilized as an interactive decision support and navigation system for planning applications. To implement the above, the work is divided into several steps. The first step was to build complete and precise raster data base maps for Jordan using IKONOS, Landsat and SPOT satellite images with clear implementation procedure and control. These layers can be used to layout the road networks of Jordan as well as the boundary and administration layers. The second step is to build an accurate raster base map for Great...
In this study, data fusion techniques and unsupervised classification were used to detect and to ... more In this study, data fusion techniques and unsupervised classification were used to detect and to map the changes that had taken place in urban areas in Jeddah City. Data fusion methods have been used to improve the spatial information in urban areas, and unsupervised classification was used to investigate which data fusion method gave the best results for change detection. It was found that data fusion improves the ability to up-grade road network maps as compared to those which were mapped from original data. Four different data sets have been used; two thematic mapper images, acquired in 1988 and 1998, a SPOT XS image acquired in 1998, and a SPOT PAN image acquired in 1997. Data fusion methods such as intensity hue saturation (IHS) and Brovey transform have been applied to generate single data sets containing the optimal characteristics of the spectral images from TM and SPOT XS and the spatial image of SPOT PAN. To judge the success of such fusion techniques, several methods have...
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS archive, 2009
Thematic maps and geo-spatial database are important tools that can be used for many purposes, su... more Thematic maps and geo-spatial database are important tools that can be used for many purposes, such as mapping urban features, agricultural area and road network; they are also useful in urban planning and city planning. Many urban features were depicted from topographic maps and satellite digital images covering west of Amman area. GIS, remote sensing and associated digital image processing techniques have been applied on the satellite digital images in order to enhance the images. On screen digitizing techniques for both topographic and satellite images were applied to delineate Urban areas, agricultural areas, road networks. Several new maps for the western part of Amman area were produced from the topographic maps and satellite images (IKONOS 2002 and 2006). The resultant maps are: urban areas, road networks and agricultural area. The produced layers and their attributes were stored as geo-spatial database for west of Amman area using GIS technology by Arc GIS software. The prod...
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Vision, Image and Signal Processing, 2019
In the Al-Salt area of Jordan, natural geological hazard events occur frequently because the area... more In the Al-Salt area of Jordan, natural geological hazard events occur frequently because the area northeast of the Dead Sea is recognized as an active seismic zone. Therefore, using the cutting edge technology represented in this study by the geomatics techniques of remote sensing, GPS and GIS were become necessary and sufficient, that because there are many variables a several features to be mapped and store. This study was focused on faults and landslides because these are the dominant events in the study area. Satellite images, geological maps and topographic maps were used to produce GIS layers describing geological hazard elements. The mapped elements included faults, landslides and many other spatial features including lineaments, drainage patterns, road networks, vegetation, contour lines, slopes, aspects and residential areas. Faults, lineaments and landslide maps were extracted from the published geological map of the Al-Salt area (1:50 000 scale). Other features were extra...
Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4,... more Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4, 2 bands and false colour ratio composite of 5/7, 3/1, 5/4 bands in RGB), followed by digital image processing using Erdas image processing software were carried out to distinguish the several basaltic flows, regional structure and dykes. This, together with photogeological interpretation and fieldwork, were used to produce the geological map of Wadi Al Awsaji at scale of 1: 50, 000. Four different basaltic flows and two dykes of Olivine phyric composition were delineated in the study area, in addition to a small outcrop of the Middle-Upper Eocene Wadi Shallala Formation. The classification is based on the detailed interpretation of aerial photographs, Landsat imagery, as well as field observation including relative stratigraphic position, morphology of the lava flows, weathering characteristics and petrographical details in addition to macroscopic and microscopic studies of individual u...
Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium reso... more Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium resolution image (ETM+) from Landsat 7. The aim of this study is to utilize remote sensed data and digital image processing techniques for updating the structural map in the north eastern part of the Dead Sea (Ma’in area), Jordan. The study area is becoming an important target for geological survey activities, mineral exploration and industrial investment. This area was chosen for conducting a study based on satellite imagery interpretation of Landsat Thematic Mapper (ETM+). A special attention has been given in this study to the textural analysis techniques and the methods of image enhancements of Landsat (ETM+) images. As a result, a new lineament map was produced that represents the subsurface geological features and structures using visual interpretation and digital image processing by utilizing different enhancement techniques. A map showing the old structural features at a sub-regional...
A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dim... more A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dimensional structure, then a threedimensional structure was carried out by using finite element plate for the deck slab and beam elements for the main beam. Both models were subjected to 1.5 AASHTO Loadings and at certain locations to produce maximum bending moment and maximum shear. The results were analyzed and it was found that the results obtained from the finite element model are smaller than the results obtained from one dimensional analysis, which means that the results obtained from AASHTO loadings are conservative.
Literature shows that production of scientific research in the Arab world is at very low level. A... more Literature shows that production of scientific research in the Arab world is at very low level. According to UNESCO statistics for 2004, all Arab countries allocated approximately a tot al of $ 1.7 billion for scientific research, which is close to 0.3% of their Gross National Income (GNP). In contrast, France, Denmark and the United States each allocates an annual 2 to 2.6% of their GNPs for research. This confirms the size of the gap between the reality of research in the Arab world and western and developed countries which are known for their considerable contribution to the advancement of knowledge and human civilization and their generous spending on scientific research, especially in light of UNESCO’s recommendations of spending around 1% of GNP on research. It should be noted that scientific research in the Arab world is mainly funded by the public sector with a contribution of 80% of total research allocations. This is in stark contrast with the state of research in develope...
Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Dec 16, 2013
ABSTRACT [1] Temporal and spatial variations in atmospheric dust over Saudi Arabia are studied fo... more ABSTRACT [1] Temporal and spatial variations in atmospheric dust over Saudi Arabia are studied for 2000–2010 using satellite and ground-based aerosol optical depth (AOD) and station dust storm observations. These data sets show a consistent seasonal cycle in dust activity, which peaks in spring–summer in northern-central Saudi Arabia and in early spring and summer across southern-western Saudi Arabia, associated with strong winds and westerly transport, respectively. Over the desert regions, anomalies in dust activity from satellite and station observations are highly correlated on the monthly timescale and statistically consistent on the daily timescale. However, the coastal and mountainous regions exhibit limited consistency between these data sets, likely associated with the coarse spatial resolution and short sampling time in the satellite data, as well as non-aeolian aerosol contamination. We conclude that satellite AOD is a reliable index for dust activity over desert regions but not over low dust, coastal, and topographically complex regions in Saudi Arabia.
Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium reso... more Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium resolution image (ETM+) from Landsat 7. The aim of this study is to utilize remote sensed data and digital image processing techniques for updating the structural map in the north eastern part of the Dead Sea (Ma'in area), Jordan. The study area is becoming an important target for geological survey activities, mineral exploration and industrial investment. This area was chosen for conducting a study based on satellite imagery interpretation of Landsat Thematic Mapper (ETM+). A special attention has been given in this study to the textural analysis techniques and the methods of image enhancements of Landsat (ETM+) images. As a result, a new lineament map was produced that represents the subsurface geological features and structures using visual interpretation and digital image processing by utilizing different enhancement techniques. A map showing the old structural features at a sub-regional scale has been produced together with a map showing the new structural features as interpreted from Thematic Mapper images.
Many studies house indicated the increase of the proportion of urban areas over the arable land i... more Many studies house indicated the increase of the proportion of urban areas over the arable land in many provinces of the Sultanate of Oman. This came as a result of urban growth and development processes taking place since the era of the Renaissance which started in 1970. Consequently, spatial variation in land use is an important issue to be taken into consideration, because lands are being converted to be less productive, due to the lack of raw soil, vegetation, and water as a result of human exploitation of the limited resources in different ways, in addition to the natural factors of droughts and floods and all that will eventually lead to land degradation. Barka province (wilayat) in al Batinah Governorate is one of the provinces, which has been affected by land cover/land use changes due to several reasons. Therefore, this study will focus on the determination of land use changes, whether commercial or residential that have been occurred in the province, in addition to the los...
American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2008
Due to the importance of database systems, integration between two Geomatics sciences, GIS and Re... more Due to the importance of database systems, integration between two Geomatics sciences, GIS and Remote Sensing has been made in order to support and serve various sectors in Jordan. GIS has been used to create layers that can show decision makers in a simple, easy and flexible manner. Remote Sensing will be used in creating images of how Jordan is seen from space, which will give the users more information and an overview about the study area. Satellite images could be converted into digital image maps, using digitizing procedures. The features viewed in the original scene could be studied by using different remotely sensed techniques. Landsat-7 (ETM+) and SPOT images were implemented, in order to extract the information needed for the topography of the region, land cover areas, boundaries, drainage patterns, road networks, man-used areas, vegetated areas and many other features in Al-Salt areas. The validity and the appropriateness of GIS and Remote Sensing techniques, particularly data fusion of images were evaluated in relation to visualization.
Drafting proper procedure to utilized available spatial database to be used for Georeferencing, n... more Drafting proper procedure to utilized available spatial database to be used for Georeferencing, navigation, and tracking is a main objective of this work that can be implemented as an interactive decision support and navigation system for planning applications.. The other objectives of this work is focused on designing accordingly a suitable geospatial model, drafting implementation procedure, building the geospatial information system and testing the results using GPS control network and specially developed customized GIS software. The resultant system can be also utilized for Navigation and address location applications To implement the above, the work is divided into several steps. The first step was to build complete and precise raster data base maps for Jordan using IKONOS, Landsat and SPOT satellite images with clear implementation procedure and control. These layers can be used to layout the road networks of Jordan as well as the boundary and administration layers. The second step is to build an accurate raster base map for Greater Amman city that can be used for several applications such as tracking, geospatial reference maps for road network and navigation. In order to execute these two steps, well control GPS network for Amman City and Jordan were built. The third step is to build three-D geospatial model with thematic layers of utilities,
Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4,... more Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4, 2 bands and false colour ratio composite of 5/7, 3/1, 5/4 bands in RGB), followed by digital image processing using Erdas image processing software were carried out to distinguish the several basaltic flows, regional structure and dykes. This, together with photogeological interpretation and fieldwork, were used to produce the geological map of Wadi Al Awsaji at scale of 1: 50, 000. Four different basaltic flows and two dykes of Olivine phyric composition were delineated in the study area, in addition to a small outcrop of the Middle-Upper Eocene Wadi Shallala Formation. The classification is based on the detailed interpretation of aerial photographs, Landsat imagery, as well as field observation including relative stratigraphic position, morphology of the lava flows, weathering characteristics and petrographical details in addition to macroscopic and microscopic studies of individual units and the interpretation of available chemical analysis and age data. This study with the accompanying geological map were among the National Geological Mapping Project of Jordan and is one of the few geological maps covering the Harrat Ash Sham basaltic flows in the northeastern part of Jordan. Basalts which been used in Jordan as building stones, decoration stones and aggregates. Mudflats in the study area could be a potential source of industrial and economic minerals.
A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dim... more A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dimensional structure, then a three-dimensional structure was carried out by using finite element plate for the deck slab and beam elements for the main beam. Both models were subjected to 1.5 AASHTO Loadings and at certain locations to produce maximum bending moment and maximum shear. The results were analyzed and it was found that the results obtained from the finite element model are smaller than the results obtained from one dimensional analysis, which means that the results obtained from AASHTO loadings are conservative.
Voided slab bridge deck composed of two continuous span is 17.3m Long and 16m width with all over... more Voided slab bridge deck composed of two continuous span is 17.3m Long and 16m width with all over depth of 0.9m. The voided slab is composed of 20cm top and bottom slabs with circular voided areas of 50cm in diameter and center to center of these circles of 75cm. The locations of AASHTO loadings are positioned at certain points of deck slab to give maximum positive and negative shearings. These locations are determined from one dimensional model. The analysis of the bridge deck is carried out by two approaches. The first is AASHTO specifications where one dimensional approach is adopted and the second is three dimensional approach where finite element analysis is considered. The maximum shears obtained by both methods are found to be in good agreement with negligible differences.
Address Geocoding/Location Building unified spatial system that can be used for Georeferencing, n... more Address Geocoding/Location Building unified spatial system that can be used for Georeferencing, navigation, and tracking is an essential step in Navigation and address location applications. The objective of this work is focused on designing a suitable geospatial model, drafting implementation procedure, building the geospatial information system and testing the results using GPS control network and specially developed customized GIS software. Thus, the resultant system can be utilized as an interactive decision support and navigation system for planning applications. To implement the above, the work is divided into several steps. The first step was to build complete and precise raster data base maps for Jordan using IKONOS, Landsat and SPOT satellite images with clear implementation procedure and control. These layers can be used to layout the road networks of Jordan as well as the boundary and administration layers. The second step is to build an accurate raster base map for Great...
In this study, data fusion techniques and unsupervised classification were used to detect and to ... more In this study, data fusion techniques and unsupervised classification were used to detect and to map the changes that had taken place in urban areas in Jeddah City. Data fusion methods have been used to improve the spatial information in urban areas, and unsupervised classification was used to investigate which data fusion method gave the best results for change detection. It was found that data fusion improves the ability to up-grade road network maps as compared to those which were mapped from original data. Four different data sets have been used; two thematic mapper images, acquired in 1988 and 1998, a SPOT XS image acquired in 1998, and a SPOT PAN image acquired in 1997. Data fusion methods such as intensity hue saturation (IHS) and Brovey transform have been applied to generate single data sets containing the optimal characteristics of the spectral images from TM and SPOT XS and the spatial image of SPOT PAN. To judge the success of such fusion techniques, several methods have...
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS archive, 2009
Thematic maps and geo-spatial database are important tools that can be used for many purposes, su... more Thematic maps and geo-spatial database are important tools that can be used for many purposes, such as mapping urban features, agricultural area and road network; they are also useful in urban planning and city planning. Many urban features were depicted from topographic maps and satellite digital images covering west of Amman area. GIS, remote sensing and associated digital image processing techniques have been applied on the satellite digital images in order to enhance the images. On screen digitizing techniques for both topographic and satellite images were applied to delineate Urban areas, agricultural areas, road networks. Several new maps for the western part of Amman area were produced from the topographic maps and satellite images (IKONOS 2002 and 2006). The resultant maps are: urban areas, road networks and agricultural area. The produced layers and their attributes were stored as geo-spatial database for west of Amman area using GIS technology by Arc GIS software. The prod...
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Vision, Image and Signal Processing, 2019
In the Al-Salt area of Jordan, natural geological hazard events occur frequently because the area... more In the Al-Salt area of Jordan, natural geological hazard events occur frequently because the area northeast of the Dead Sea is recognized as an active seismic zone. Therefore, using the cutting edge technology represented in this study by the geomatics techniques of remote sensing, GPS and GIS were become necessary and sufficient, that because there are many variables a several features to be mapped and store. This study was focused on faults and landslides because these are the dominant events in the study area. Satellite images, geological maps and topographic maps were used to produce GIS layers describing geological hazard elements. The mapped elements included faults, landslides and many other spatial features including lineaments, drainage patterns, road networks, vegetation, contour lines, slopes, aspects and residential areas. Faults, lineaments and landslide maps were extracted from the published geological map of the Al-Salt area (1:50 000 scale). Other features were extra...
Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4,... more Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4, 2 bands and false colour ratio composite of 5/7, 3/1, 5/4 bands in RGB), followed by digital image processing using Erdas image processing software were carried out to distinguish the several basaltic flows, regional structure and dykes. This, together with photogeological interpretation and fieldwork, were used to produce the geological map of Wadi Al Awsaji at scale of 1: 50, 000. Four different basaltic flows and two dykes of Olivine phyric composition were delineated in the study area, in addition to a small outcrop of the Middle-Upper Eocene Wadi Shallala Formation. The classification is based on the detailed interpretation of aerial photographs, Landsat imagery, as well as field observation including relative stratigraphic position, morphology of the lava flows, weathering characteristics and petrographical details in addition to macroscopic and microscopic studies of individual u...
Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium reso... more Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium resolution image (ETM+) from Landsat 7. The aim of this study is to utilize remote sensed data and digital image processing techniques for updating the structural map in the north eastern part of the Dead Sea (Ma’in area), Jordan. The study area is becoming an important target for geological survey activities, mineral exploration and industrial investment. This area was chosen for conducting a study based on satellite imagery interpretation of Landsat Thematic Mapper (ETM+). A special attention has been given in this study to the textural analysis techniques and the methods of image enhancements of Landsat (ETM+) images. As a result, a new lineament map was produced that represents the subsurface geological features and structures using visual interpretation and digital image processing by utilizing different enhancement techniques. A map showing the old structural features at a sub-regional...
A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dim... more A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dimensional structure, then a threedimensional structure was carried out by using finite element plate for the deck slab and beam elements for the main beam. Both models were subjected to 1.5 AASHTO Loadings and at certain locations to produce maximum bending moment and maximum shear. The results were analyzed and it was found that the results obtained from the finite element model are smaller than the results obtained from one dimensional analysis, which means that the results obtained from AASHTO loadings are conservative.
Literature shows that production of scientific research in the Arab world is at very low level. A... more Literature shows that production of scientific research in the Arab world is at very low level. According to UNESCO statistics for 2004, all Arab countries allocated approximately a tot al of $ 1.7 billion for scientific research, which is close to 0.3% of their Gross National Income (GNP). In contrast, France, Denmark and the United States each allocates an annual 2 to 2.6% of their GNPs for research. This confirms the size of the gap between the reality of research in the Arab world and western and developed countries which are known for their considerable contribution to the advancement of knowledge and human civilization and their generous spending on scientific research, especially in light of UNESCO’s recommendations of spending around 1% of GNP on research. It should be noted that scientific research in the Arab world is mainly funded by the public sector with a contribution of 80% of total research allocations. This is in stark contrast with the state of research in develope...
Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Dec 16, 2013
ABSTRACT [1] Temporal and spatial variations in atmospheric dust over Saudi Arabia are studied fo... more ABSTRACT [1] Temporal and spatial variations in atmospheric dust over Saudi Arabia are studied for 2000–2010 using satellite and ground-based aerosol optical depth (AOD) and station dust storm observations. These data sets show a consistent seasonal cycle in dust activity, which peaks in spring–summer in northern-central Saudi Arabia and in early spring and summer across southern-western Saudi Arabia, associated with strong winds and westerly transport, respectively. Over the desert regions, anomalies in dust activity from satellite and station observations are highly correlated on the monthly timescale and statistically consistent on the daily timescale. However, the coastal and mountainous regions exhibit limited consistency between these data sets, likely associated with the coarse spatial resolution and short sampling time in the satellite data, as well as non-aeolian aerosol contamination. We conclude that satellite AOD is a reliable index for dust activity over desert regions but not over low dust, coastal, and topographically complex regions in Saudi Arabia.
Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium reso... more Digital image processing techniques were used for mapping structural features using a medium resolution image (ETM+) from Landsat 7. The aim of this study is to utilize remote sensed data and digital image processing techniques for updating the structural map in the north eastern part of the Dead Sea (Ma'in area), Jordan. The study area is becoming an important target for geological survey activities, mineral exploration and industrial investment. This area was chosen for conducting a study based on satellite imagery interpretation of Landsat Thematic Mapper (ETM+). A special attention has been given in this study to the textural analysis techniques and the methods of image enhancements of Landsat (ETM+) images. As a result, a new lineament map was produced that represents the subsurface geological features and structures using visual interpretation and digital image processing by utilizing different enhancement techniques. A map showing the old structural features at a sub-regional scale has been produced together with a map showing the new structural features as interpreted from Thematic Mapper images.
Many studies house indicated the increase of the proportion of urban areas over the arable land i... more Many studies house indicated the increase of the proportion of urban areas over the arable land in many provinces of the Sultanate of Oman. This came as a result of urban growth and development processes taking place since the era of the Renaissance which started in 1970. Consequently, spatial variation in land use is an important issue to be taken into consideration, because lands are being converted to be less productive, due to the lack of raw soil, vegetation, and water as a result of human exploitation of the limited resources in different ways, in addition to the natural factors of droughts and floods and all that will eventually lead to land degradation. Barka province (wilayat) in al Batinah Governorate is one of the provinces, which has been affected by land cover/land use changes due to several reasons. Therefore, this study will focus on the determination of land use changes, whether commercial or residential that have been occurred in the province, in addition to the los...
American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2008
Due to the importance of database systems, integration between two Geomatics sciences, GIS and Re... more Due to the importance of database systems, integration between two Geomatics sciences, GIS and Remote Sensing has been made in order to support and serve various sectors in Jordan. GIS has been used to create layers that can show decision makers in a simple, easy and flexible manner. Remote Sensing will be used in creating images of how Jordan is seen from space, which will give the users more information and an overview about the study area. Satellite images could be converted into digital image maps, using digitizing procedures. The features viewed in the original scene could be studied by using different remotely sensed techniques. Landsat-7 (ETM+) and SPOT images were implemented, in order to extract the information needed for the topography of the region, land cover areas, boundaries, drainage patterns, road networks, man-used areas, vegetated areas and many other features in Al-Salt areas. The validity and the appropriateness of GIS and Remote Sensing techniques, particularly data fusion of images were evaluated in relation to visualization.
Drafting proper procedure to utilized available spatial database to be used for Georeferencing, n... more Drafting proper procedure to utilized available spatial database to be used for Georeferencing, navigation, and tracking is a main objective of this work that can be implemented as an interactive decision support and navigation system for planning applications.. The other objectives of this work is focused on designing accordingly a suitable geospatial model, drafting implementation procedure, building the geospatial information system and testing the results using GPS control network and specially developed customized GIS software. The resultant system can be also utilized for Navigation and address location applications To implement the above, the work is divided into several steps. The first step was to build complete and precise raster data base maps for Jordan using IKONOS, Landsat and SPOT satellite images with clear implementation procedure and control. These layers can be used to layout the road networks of Jordan as well as the boundary and administration layers. The second step is to build an accurate raster base map for Greater Amman city that can be used for several applications such as tracking, geospatial reference maps for road network and navigation. In order to execute these two steps, well control GPS network for Amman City and Jordan were built. The third step is to build three-D geospatial model with thematic layers of utilities,
Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4,... more Manual interpretation of Landsat TM images at scale of 1:100,000 (False Colour Composite of 7, 4, 2 bands and false colour ratio composite of 5/7, 3/1, 5/4 bands in RGB), followed by digital image processing using Erdas image processing software were carried out to distinguish the several basaltic flows, regional structure and dykes. This, together with photogeological interpretation and fieldwork, were used to produce the geological map of Wadi Al Awsaji at scale of 1: 50, 000. Four different basaltic flows and two dykes of Olivine phyric composition were delineated in the study area, in addition to a small outcrop of the Middle-Upper Eocene Wadi Shallala Formation. The classification is based on the detailed interpretation of aerial photographs, Landsat imagery, as well as field observation including relative stratigraphic position, morphology of the lava flows, weathering characteristics and petrographical details in addition to macroscopic and microscopic studies of individual units and the interpretation of available chemical analysis and age data. This study with the accompanying geological map were among the National Geological Mapping Project of Jordan and is one of the few geological maps covering the Harrat Ash Sham basaltic flows in the northeastern part of Jordan. Basalts which been used in Jordan as building stones, decoration stones and aggregates. Mudflats in the study area could be a potential source of industrial and economic minerals.
A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dim... more A simple span T-beam bridge was analyzed by using AASHTO specifications and Loadings as a one dimensional structure, then a three-dimensional structure was carried out by using finite element plate for the deck slab and beam elements for the main beam. Both models were subjected to 1.5 AASHTO Loadings and at certain locations to produce maximum bending moment and maximum shear. The results were analyzed and it was found that the results obtained from the finite element model are smaller than the results obtained from one dimensional analysis, which means that the results obtained from AASHTO loadings are conservative.
Voided slab bridge deck composed of two continuous span is 17.3m Long and 16m width with all over... more Voided slab bridge deck composed of two continuous span is 17.3m Long and 16m width with all over depth of 0.9m. The voided slab is composed of 20cm top and bottom slabs with circular voided areas of 50cm in diameter and center to center of these circles of 75cm. The locations of AASHTO loadings are positioned at certain points of deck slab to give maximum positive and negative shearings. These locations are determined from one dimensional model. The analysis of the bridge deck is carried out by two approaches. The first is AASHTO specifications where one dimensional approach is adopted and the second is three dimensional approach where finite element analysis is considered. The maximum shears obtained by both methods are found to be in good agreement with negligible differences.
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Papers by Eyad Fadda