Emre SANCAK
Large deposits of Pumice, a natural lightweight aggregate, are found in Turkey. In this study, the following properties of structural concrete produced by Pumice and normal-weight aggregate are investigated: 1) the ability to protect the embedded reinforcement against corrosion, 2) the bond strength between concrete and reinforcement, and 3) compressive strength and weight loss of Concrete with Pumice Aggregate (PAC) and Normal-weight Aggregate (NAC) after being exposed to high temperatures (20, 100, 400, 800, 1000 degrees C). To achieve these objectives, 12 different types of concrete mixtures were produced. In producing the NAC and PAC mixtures, a mineral additive, Silica Fume (SF), was used to replace the Portland cement in the ratios of 0 %, 5 % and 10 % by weight. The remaining six types of mixtures were obtained by adding Super Plasticizers (SP) to the above mixtures in the ratio of 2 % by weight.
In conclusion; unit weight of PAC was 23 % lower than that of NAC. When compared to NAC, compressive strength reductions in PAC were observed to change between 48 % and 65 %. Use of SF and SP together, increased the bonding between concrete and the reinforcement in both PAC and NAC. When exposed to the temperatures of 20 oC, 100 oC and 400 oC, NAC performed better than the PAC. PAC containing 10 % SF- 2 % SP, exposed to 17 cycles of wetting-drying in 7 % NaCl solution, gave the most suitable results (-511,2 and –485,8 mV respectively) according to the half-cell potential data. The use of 10 % SF- 2 % SP together in PAC and NAC, amount of Cl¯ ion became 2,24 % and 1,76 % respectively at a depth of 0-10 mm. The minimum loss of reinforcement weight was obtained by the addition of 10 % SF- 2 % SP to PAC and NAC, which was determined as 0,87 % and 0,85 %, respectively. When SF is used alone in NAC and PAC, carbonation depth increased. The minimum carbonation depth was obtained by the addition of 5 % SF and 2 % SP to PAC and NAC, which was determined as 1,40 mm and 1,61 mm, respectively.
Supervisors: Osman Simsek, K. M. Anwar Hossain, and Osman Ünal
Phone: +902462111422
Address: Suleyman Demirel Universitesi Teknik Egitim Fakultesi Batı Kampus / Isparta/Turkiye
In conclusion; unit weight of PAC was 23 % lower than that of NAC. When compared to NAC, compressive strength reductions in PAC were observed to change between 48 % and 65 %. Use of SF and SP together, increased the bonding between concrete and the reinforcement in both PAC and NAC. When exposed to the temperatures of 20 oC, 100 oC and 400 oC, NAC performed better than the PAC. PAC containing 10 % SF- 2 % SP, exposed to 17 cycles of wetting-drying in 7 % NaCl solution, gave the most suitable results (-511,2 and –485,8 mV respectively) according to the half-cell potential data. The use of 10 % SF- 2 % SP together in PAC and NAC, amount of Cl¯ ion became 2,24 % and 1,76 % respectively at a depth of 0-10 mm. The minimum loss of reinforcement weight was obtained by the addition of 10 % SF- 2 % SP to PAC and NAC, which was determined as 0,87 % and 0,85 %, respectively. When SF is used alone in NAC and PAC, carbonation depth increased. The minimum carbonation depth was obtained by the addition of 5 % SF and 2 % SP to PAC and NAC, which was determined as 1,40 mm and 1,61 mm, respectively.
Supervisors: Osman Simsek, K. M. Anwar Hossain, and Osman Ünal
Phone: +902462111422
Address: Suleyman Demirel Universitesi Teknik Egitim Fakultesi Batı Kampus / Isparta/Turkiye
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Papers by Emre SANCAK
boron modified active belite cement (BAB) and resistance effectivity against corrosion of steel reinforcing bar
embedded BAB cement mortar. The compressive and flexural strength tests conducted to determine the mechanical
properties of mortar specimens having dimension of 40x40x160 mm in the investigation. Besides, the electrochemical
tests applied on the cylindrical specimens having dimension of φ50x100 mm at the ending of exposed to 5% NaCl
solution for 60 days. Five specimens were produced for every test on two trial groups.
properties were examined. Prepared mortar specimens were cured under water for 28 days and then they were exposed to three
different proportions of sodiumsulphate solution for 125 days. Performances of cements were determined bymeans of compressive
strength and tensile strength tests.Thebroken parts of somemortar bars were examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Besides, they were left under moist atmosphere and their length change was measured and continuously monitored for period of
125 days. In blended cements, solely cements obtained by replacing 10–20% of diatomites gave similar strength values with ordinary
Portland cement (CEM I 42.5R) at the ages of 7, 28, and 56 days. In all mortar specimens that included either waste andesite (AP)
or marble powder (MP) showed best performance against very severe effective sodium sulphate solutions (13500mg/L).
compressive strength of concretes containing silica fume
(SF) (0, 5, 10%) has been developed using non-destructive
testing results [ultrasonic pulse velocity (km/s) and
Schmidt hardness (R)]. Experimental results of nondestructive
tests and the amount of the SF were used to
construct the model. Result have shown that fuzzy logic
systems have strong potential for predicting 7, 28, and
90 days compressive strength using ultrasonic pulse
velocity (km/s), Schmidt hardness (R), and silica fume
content (%) as inputs.
lightweight concrete (SCLC) containing metakaolin assessed by means of slump flow, flow
time, V-funnel, L-box, compressive, flexural/splitting/bond strength, water absorption, porosity, sorptivity
and rapid chloride permeability tests. Metakaolin content based SCLC mixtures were developed by
incorporating 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% of as a replacement by weight of fly ash while keeping a constant
cement and mineral admixture content of 450 kg/m3 and 150 kg/m3, respectively. These included four
mixtures containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% metakaolin content as a partial binder replacement. It was
observed that expanded shale aggregates SCLC can be produced with the density lower than 2000 kg/
m3 which was increased by the addition of metakaolin. Increases in metakaolin content worsened the
filling and passing ability of SCLC and by the addition of metakaolin no positive effect on the strength
properties on SCLC was monitored. Replacement of 20%, 40% and 60% of metakaolin with fly ash resulted
3%, 8% and 10% decrease in porosity and water absorption with respect to control mixture, respectively.
The initial and secondary sorptivity values of SCLC mixtures with metakaolin replacement were equal or
lower than the control mixture without metakaolin. Moreover, increases in metakaolin content showed
significant improvement in chloride ion penetration resistance of SCLC.
In this study, a constant water / cement ratio (0.50) and cement type (CEM I 42.5 R) was prepared using the filter cake waste water from otained Isparta in concrete mixtures was investigated. Instead of cement concrete waste water produced is used in different proportions of fresh and hardened properties of concrete effects on the filter cake, waste water, the amount of use of the concrete characteristics of the filter cake was studied
researches from the past until now. Since it is used in many areas in artificial stone mansory units, it encounters
us as an important part of this subject. In this research, from artificial Stone masonry parquet strip, curb and
aerated concrete samples 15 and 25 unit sizes in two different cycles six (3 samples for capillarity, 3samples for
abrasion loss) each were kept untreated as reference to compare with total 36 samples inflicted to freze-thaw.
Samples were inflicted to capillarity and wearing experiments in the wake of their freze thaw cycle. In the
results of experiments, respectively parquet strip, curb, aerated concrete showed the most constructive treatment
to resistence of abrasion loss. As for capillary effect, the most constructive treatment was obtained by parquet
strip, curb, aerated concrete respectively.
Isparta city at the percentages of 10, 20 and 30 and in addition to this, pumice and fly ash at a constant ratio of
10 % instead of clinker are compared with mortar bars produced by using normal Portland cement clinker. In this
comparison, the sulfate resistance and some other cement properties are examined.
The waste marble powder which undergone various procedures are blended with clinker obtained from Isparta
Goltas Cement Factory and gypsum under different proportions, which are main cement compounds.
Prepared mortar specimens cured in the water for 28 days and then they were exposed to three different
concentrations of sodium sulphate solution for 90 days. After this process completed, the compressive and
flexural strength values were determined on the mortar bars.
Consequently, cements that produced by using waste marble powder of 10 % instead of cement clinker gave the
closest results in strength values in all solution concentrations when compared with reference (Portland cement
mortar bar) samples in standards cement tests.
city and its surroundings which gives puzalonic activity are compared with normal Portland cement. In
this comparison sulfate resistance and other cement properties are examined.
The natural additives which undergone various procedures are blended with clinker and gypsum under
different proportions, which are main cement compounds.
Prepared mortar specimens cured in the water for 28 days and then they were exposed to three different
proportions of sodium sulphate solution for 90 days. After wards performance of cements are determined
with compressive strength, tensile strength and the results of the mortar bars are examined with SEM.
Also the prepared specimens for during 125 days period and there are cured under moist atmosphere
volume expansion are measured and continuously monitored.
As in the normal standard tests, by adding 10 of waste marble powder material gave similar strength
values with PC 42.5, at later periods of time.
In order to produce mortar specimens, mix designs are performed according to TS EN 196-1, molded and cured
accordingly. Bending strengths were measured on 40x40x160 mm specimens and compressive strength test was
performed on the broken parts having a surface area of 40x40 mm after bending test on the 7th and 28th day
cured mortar prism samples according to TS EN 196-1. Water demand of mortar mixtures was determined
according to standards by using flow table of 110 ± 5%. Specimens were molded using rate of % 0-1-2-3 super
plasticizer additive at cement dosages of 200-300 -400 -500 kg/m3 and water / cement ratio of 0.4%. The highest
28th day compressive strengths are obtained from the specimens of 3 % super plasticizer admixture with 500
kg/m3 cement dosages. Results obtained from these samples showed a significant increase compared to the
others. There is no difference between the compressive strengths of 2% super plasticizer chemical admixture
added samples and the samples of no additive. Maximum bending strength of the mixtures was obtained at 7th
day of mixtures of 500 kg dosage. Here, bending strengths of mixtures are increasing with increasing the usage
rate of the chemical admixture. However, there is no big differences between bending strength increases of 2%
and 3% chemical admixture were observed.
boron modified active belite cement (BAB) and resistance effectivity against corrosion of steel reinforcing bar
embedded BAB cement mortar. The compressive and flexural strength tests conducted to determine the mechanical
properties of mortar specimens having dimension of 40x40x160 mm in the investigation. Besides, the electrochemical
tests applied on the cylindrical specimens having dimension of φ50x100 mm at the ending of exposed to 5% NaCl
solution for 60 days. Five specimens were produced for every test on two trial groups.
properties were examined. Prepared mortar specimens were cured under water for 28 days and then they were exposed to three
different proportions of sodiumsulphate solution for 125 days. Performances of cements were determined bymeans of compressive
strength and tensile strength tests.Thebroken parts of somemortar bars were examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Besides, they were left under moist atmosphere and their length change was measured and continuously monitored for period of
125 days. In blended cements, solely cements obtained by replacing 10–20% of diatomites gave similar strength values with ordinary
Portland cement (CEM I 42.5R) at the ages of 7, 28, and 56 days. In all mortar specimens that included either waste andesite (AP)
or marble powder (MP) showed best performance against very severe effective sodium sulphate solutions (13500mg/L).
compressive strength of concretes containing silica fume
(SF) (0, 5, 10%) has been developed using non-destructive
testing results [ultrasonic pulse velocity (km/s) and
Schmidt hardness (R)]. Experimental results of nondestructive
tests and the amount of the SF were used to
construct the model. Result have shown that fuzzy logic
systems have strong potential for predicting 7, 28, and
90 days compressive strength using ultrasonic pulse
velocity (km/s), Schmidt hardness (R), and silica fume
content (%) as inputs.
lightweight concrete (SCLC) containing metakaolin assessed by means of slump flow, flow
time, V-funnel, L-box, compressive, flexural/splitting/bond strength, water absorption, porosity, sorptivity
and rapid chloride permeability tests. Metakaolin content based SCLC mixtures were developed by
incorporating 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% of as a replacement by weight of fly ash while keeping a constant
cement and mineral admixture content of 450 kg/m3 and 150 kg/m3, respectively. These included four
mixtures containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% metakaolin content as a partial binder replacement. It was
observed that expanded shale aggregates SCLC can be produced with the density lower than 2000 kg/
m3 which was increased by the addition of metakaolin. Increases in metakaolin content worsened the
filling and passing ability of SCLC and by the addition of metakaolin no positive effect on the strength
properties on SCLC was monitored. Replacement of 20%, 40% and 60% of metakaolin with fly ash resulted
3%, 8% and 10% decrease in porosity and water absorption with respect to control mixture, respectively.
The initial and secondary sorptivity values of SCLC mixtures with metakaolin replacement were equal or
lower than the control mixture without metakaolin. Moreover, increases in metakaolin content showed
significant improvement in chloride ion penetration resistance of SCLC.
In this study, a constant water / cement ratio (0.50) and cement type (CEM I 42.5 R) was prepared using the filter cake waste water from otained Isparta in concrete mixtures was investigated. Instead of cement concrete waste water produced is used in different proportions of fresh and hardened properties of concrete effects on the filter cake, waste water, the amount of use of the concrete characteristics of the filter cake was studied
researches from the past until now. Since it is used in many areas in artificial stone mansory units, it encounters
us as an important part of this subject. In this research, from artificial Stone masonry parquet strip, curb and
aerated concrete samples 15 and 25 unit sizes in two different cycles six (3 samples for capillarity, 3samples for
abrasion loss) each were kept untreated as reference to compare with total 36 samples inflicted to freze-thaw.
Samples were inflicted to capillarity and wearing experiments in the wake of their freze thaw cycle. In the
results of experiments, respectively parquet strip, curb, aerated concrete showed the most constructive treatment
to resistence of abrasion loss. As for capillary effect, the most constructive treatment was obtained by parquet
strip, curb, aerated concrete respectively.
Isparta city at the percentages of 10, 20 and 30 and in addition to this, pumice and fly ash at a constant ratio of
10 % instead of clinker are compared with mortar bars produced by using normal Portland cement clinker. In this
comparison, the sulfate resistance and some other cement properties are examined.
The waste marble powder which undergone various procedures are blended with clinker obtained from Isparta
Goltas Cement Factory and gypsum under different proportions, which are main cement compounds.
Prepared mortar specimens cured in the water for 28 days and then they were exposed to three different
concentrations of sodium sulphate solution for 90 days. After this process completed, the compressive and
flexural strength values were determined on the mortar bars.
Consequently, cements that produced by using waste marble powder of 10 % instead of cement clinker gave the
closest results in strength values in all solution concentrations when compared with reference (Portland cement
mortar bar) samples in standards cement tests.
city and its surroundings which gives puzalonic activity are compared with normal Portland cement. In
this comparison sulfate resistance and other cement properties are examined.
The natural additives which undergone various procedures are blended with clinker and gypsum under
different proportions, which are main cement compounds.
Prepared mortar specimens cured in the water for 28 days and then they were exposed to three different
proportions of sodium sulphate solution for 90 days. After wards performance of cements are determined
with compressive strength, tensile strength and the results of the mortar bars are examined with SEM.
Also the prepared specimens for during 125 days period and there are cured under moist atmosphere
volume expansion are measured and continuously monitored.
As in the normal standard tests, by adding 10 of waste marble powder material gave similar strength
values with PC 42.5, at later periods of time.
In order to produce mortar specimens, mix designs are performed according to TS EN 196-1, molded and cured
accordingly. Bending strengths were measured on 40x40x160 mm specimens and compressive strength test was
performed on the broken parts having a surface area of 40x40 mm after bending test on the 7th and 28th day
cured mortar prism samples according to TS EN 196-1. Water demand of mortar mixtures was determined
according to standards by using flow table of 110 ± 5%. Specimens were molded using rate of % 0-1-2-3 super
plasticizer additive at cement dosages of 200-300 -400 -500 kg/m3 and water / cement ratio of 0.4%. The highest
28th day compressive strengths are obtained from the specimens of 3 % super plasticizer admixture with 500
kg/m3 cement dosages. Results obtained from these samples showed a significant increase compared to the
others. There is no difference between the compressive strengths of 2% super plasticizer chemical admixture
added samples and the samples of no additive. Maximum bending strength of the mixtures was obtained at 7th
day of mixtures of 500 kg dosage. Here, bending strengths of mixtures are increasing with increasing the usage
rate of the chemical admixture. However, there is no big differences between bending strength increases of 2%
and 3% chemical admixture were observed.