... 1965. 1965 research on the effect of pesticides on honey bees. Annu. Rep. ... 966. Effects on... more ... 1965. 1965 research on the effect of pesticides on honey bees. Annu. Rep. ... 966. Effects onhoney bees of aerial application of technical malathion. Am. Bee J. 106: 294-5. Johansen, CA 1977. Pesticides and pollinators. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 22: 177-92. ...
A survey administered to undergraduate students (n=74; 94% response rate) enrolled in Forestry 10... more A survey administered to undergraduate students (n=74; 94% response rate) enrolled in Forestry 100: "Introduction to Forestry" contained questions addressing student background, early life experiences, exposure to natural resources, and goals and aspirations as a student in forestry at Southern Illinois University (SIU). Information from this questionnaire represents the first stage of data collection in an ongoing study tracking students over the course of their academic careers. Data collection will culminate in a senior exit interview. The purpose of the first stage is to better understand social, environmental, and familial influences that motivate students to pursue careers in natural resources. Preliminary analysis of students' understanding of public valuation of natural resources exhibits a normal distribution slightly skewed toward negative perceptions. Students' understanding of the public's view of forestry elicits a similar mixed response. The majority of students report no previous family ties to the department. Initial results suggest that youthful experiences with natural resources may have more bearing on career choice by SIU forestry students than a family legacy.
The numbers of queen cups and queen cells in standard colonies were monitored for 3 years. Most w... more The numbers of queen cups and queen cells in standard colonies were monitored for 3 years. Most were found in the late spring. When queen cups and queen cells were received, the bees replaced them, the proportion varying over the season and being highest in spring and early summer. High numbers of queen cups and cells appear to be related to a high and increasing rate of brood rearing.
In laboratory and field tests bee lice (Braula caeca Nitzsch) preferred younger (hive) bees (Apis... more In laboratory and field tests bee lice (Braula caeca Nitzsch) preferred younger (hive) bees (Apis mellifera) to older (worker) bees, and mated queens ro virgin queens. Worker bees were preferred to drones at 25°C but in other laboratory and field tests no preference was demonstrated between the two cases. In laboratory tests there was a preference for young drones ro old drones and for virgin and mated queens to young drones. Lice preferred virgin queens to old drones at 25° but no preference was observed at 34°. Mated queens were preferred to old drones, and virgin queens and mated queens over random-age workers. In nucleus colonies, one or more lice were observed on 24% of the queens between August and December. In field colonies, 62% of the queens examined from June through the rest of the season harboured lice; 58% of these lice were pale in colour indicating that they were less than I day old (callows). Among workers with lice, 98•6% had a single louse whereas 1•2% harboured 2 lice and 0•2% had 3; 4•2% of the lice were on drones. Levels of louse infestation in colonies decreased during May and June after oviposition by females. Populations then increased from July through the rest of the season, except for an unexplained drop during August.
Seed production on male‐sterile soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in cages with honeybees (Apis m... more Seed production on male‐sterile soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in cages with honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and alfalfa leafcutting bees [Megachile rotundata (F.)] was compared with plants exposed to native insect populations in open‐caged plots and with plants grown in closed cages. All plots consisted of alternate rows of ߢWilliamsߣ male‐sterile plants (ms2, ms2) and ‘Calland’ which were covered by cages after flowering commenced. Significant differences were found between treatments for the number of seeds/plant, pods/plant, and seeds/pod. A significant increase in seed production of over 477% was observed on plants in cages containing the bees compared with plants in open or closed cages. No significant differences in seed production were observed between open or closed cages or between the use of honey or alfalfa leafcutting bees as the pollen vector. Honeybees were efficient pollen vectors, but were inconvenient to handle. Leafcutting bees seem to be preferable for mass pollination of male‐sterile soybeans in caged studies because of their temperament and ease of handling.
... cities. Summer flows are usually very varied, and unifloral nectar sources are rare. A sectio... more ... cities. Summer flows are usually very varied, and unifloral nectar sources are rare. A section on honeybees as pests discusses allergic reactions to stings, and how to deal with swarms and with feral colonies. P. Walker. You ...
Managed honey bee colony losses are of concern in the USA and globally. This survey, which docume... more Managed honey bee colony losses are of concern in the USA and globally. This survey, which documents the rate of colony loss in the USA during the 2015-2016 season, is the tenth report of winter losses, and the fifth of summer and annual losses. Our results summarize the responses of 5725 valid survey respondents, who collectively managed 427,652 colonies on 1 October 2015, an estimated 16.1% of all managed colonies in the USA. Responding beekeepers reported a total annual colony loss of 40. ] between 1 April 2015 and 1 April 2016. Total winter colony loss was 26.9% [95% CI 26.4-27.4%] while total summer colony loss was 23.6% [95% CI 23.0-24.1%], making this the third consecutive year when summer losses have approximated to winter losses. Across all operation types, 32.3% of responding beekeepers reported no winter losses. Whilst the loss rate in the winter of 2015-2016 was amongst the lowest winter losses recorded over the ten years this survey has been conducted, 59.0% (n = 3378) of responding beekeepers had higher losses than they deemed acceptable. Encuesta nacional 2015-2016 sobre pe ´rdidas anuales de colonias de la abeja de la miel manejada en los EE.UU Las pe ´rdidas de colonias de abejas manejadas son preocupantes en los Estados Unidos y en el mundo. Esta encuesta, que documenta la tasa de pe ´rdida de colonias en los EE.UU. durante la temporada 2015-2016, es el de ´cimo informe de las pe ´rdidas de invierno, y el quinto de las pe ´rdidas de verano y anuales. Nuestros resultados resumen las respuestas de 5.725 encuestados va ´lidos, quienes colectivamente manejaron 427.652 colonias el 1 de octubre de 2015, un 16.1% de todas las colonias manejadas en los Estados Unidos. Los apicultores respondieron con una pe ´rdida total de colonias anual del 40.5% [IC del 95%: 39.8-41.1%] entre el 1 de abril de 2015 y el 1 de abril de 2016. La pe ´rdida total de colonias de invierno fue del 26.9% .4%], y las de verano del 23.6% [IC del 95%: 23.0-24.1%], lo que lo convierte en el tercer an ˜o consecutivo en que las pe ´rdidas del verano se han aproximado a las pe ´rdidas de invierno. En todos los tipos de operaciones, el 32.3% de los apicultores que respondieron no reportaron pe ´rdidas de invierno. Mientras que la tasa de pe ´rdidas en el invierno de 2015-2016 fue una de las pe ´rdidas de invierno ma ´s bajas registradas durante los diez an ˜os que se han realizado esta encuesta, el 59.0% (n = 3.378) de los apicultores que respondieron tuvieron mayores pe ´rdidas de las que consideraban aceptables.
Honey bee colony losses are a major concern in the USA and across the globe. Long-term data on lo... more Honey bee colony losses are a major concern in the USA and across the globe. Long-term data on losses are critical for putting yearly losses in context. US colony loss surveys have been conducted yearly since the winter of 2006-2007. Here, we report the results from the eighth annual survey on winter losses and the second annual survey of summer and annual losses. There were 7425 valid respondents (7123 backyard, 190 sideline, and 112 commercial beekeepers) managing 497,855 colonies, 19 % of the total US colonies. Total losses reported were 3 %] over the summer,1 %] over the winter, and 34.1 % for the whole year. Average losses were 15.1 % [95 % CI 14.5-15.7 %] over the summer, 44.8 % [95 % CI 43.9-45.7 %] over the winter, and 51.1 % [95 % CI 50.2-51.6 %] for the whole year. While total winter loss was one of the lowest reported in 8 years, 66 % of all beekeepers had higher losses than they deemed acceptable.
... 1965. 1965 research on the effect of pesticides on honey bees. Annu. Rep. ... 966. Effects on... more ... 1965. 1965 research on the effect of pesticides on honey bees. Annu. Rep. ... 966. Effects onhoney bees of aerial application of technical malathion. Am. Bee J. 106: 294-5. Johansen, CA 1977. Pesticides and pollinators. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 22: 177-92. ...
A survey administered to undergraduate students (n=74; 94% response rate) enrolled in Forestry 10... more A survey administered to undergraduate students (n=74; 94% response rate) enrolled in Forestry 100: "Introduction to Forestry" contained questions addressing student background, early life experiences, exposure to natural resources, and goals and aspirations as a student in forestry at Southern Illinois University (SIU). Information from this questionnaire represents the first stage of data collection in an ongoing study tracking students over the course of their academic careers. Data collection will culminate in a senior exit interview. The purpose of the first stage is to better understand social, environmental, and familial influences that motivate students to pursue careers in natural resources. Preliminary analysis of students' understanding of public valuation of natural resources exhibits a normal distribution slightly skewed toward negative perceptions. Students' understanding of the public's view of forestry elicits a similar mixed response. The majority of students report no previous family ties to the department. Initial results suggest that youthful experiences with natural resources may have more bearing on career choice by SIU forestry students than a family legacy.
The numbers of queen cups and queen cells in standard colonies were monitored for 3 years. Most w... more The numbers of queen cups and queen cells in standard colonies were monitored for 3 years. Most were found in the late spring. When queen cups and queen cells were received, the bees replaced them, the proportion varying over the season and being highest in spring and early summer. High numbers of queen cups and cells appear to be related to a high and increasing rate of brood rearing.
In laboratory and field tests bee lice (Braula caeca Nitzsch) preferred younger (hive) bees (Apis... more In laboratory and field tests bee lice (Braula caeca Nitzsch) preferred younger (hive) bees (Apis mellifera) to older (worker) bees, and mated queens ro virgin queens. Worker bees were preferred to drones at 25°C but in other laboratory and field tests no preference was demonstrated between the two cases. In laboratory tests there was a preference for young drones ro old drones and for virgin and mated queens to young drones. Lice preferred virgin queens to old drones at 25° but no preference was observed at 34°. Mated queens were preferred to old drones, and virgin queens and mated queens over random-age workers. In nucleus colonies, one or more lice were observed on 24% of the queens between August and December. In field colonies, 62% of the queens examined from June through the rest of the season harboured lice; 58% of these lice were pale in colour indicating that they were less than I day old (callows). Among workers with lice, 98•6% had a single louse whereas 1•2% harboured 2 lice and 0•2% had 3; 4•2% of the lice were on drones. Levels of louse infestation in colonies decreased during May and June after oviposition by females. Populations then increased from July through the rest of the season, except for an unexplained drop during August.
Seed production on male‐sterile soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in cages with honeybees (Apis m... more Seed production on male‐sterile soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in cages with honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and alfalfa leafcutting bees [Megachile rotundata (F.)] was compared with plants exposed to native insect populations in open‐caged plots and with plants grown in closed cages. All plots consisted of alternate rows of ߢWilliamsߣ male‐sterile plants (ms2, ms2) and ‘Calland’ which were covered by cages after flowering commenced. Significant differences were found between treatments for the number of seeds/plant, pods/plant, and seeds/pod. A significant increase in seed production of over 477% was observed on plants in cages containing the bees compared with plants in open or closed cages. No significant differences in seed production were observed between open or closed cages or between the use of honey or alfalfa leafcutting bees as the pollen vector. Honeybees were efficient pollen vectors, but were inconvenient to handle. Leafcutting bees seem to be preferable for mass pollination of male‐sterile soybeans in caged studies because of their temperament and ease of handling.
... cities. Summer flows are usually very varied, and unifloral nectar sources are rare. A sectio... more ... cities. Summer flows are usually very varied, and unifloral nectar sources are rare. A section on honeybees as pests discusses allergic reactions to stings, and how to deal with swarms and with feral colonies. P. Walker. You ...
Managed honey bee colony losses are of concern in the USA and globally. This survey, which docume... more Managed honey bee colony losses are of concern in the USA and globally. This survey, which documents the rate of colony loss in the USA during the 2015-2016 season, is the tenth report of winter losses, and the fifth of summer and annual losses. Our results summarize the responses of 5725 valid survey respondents, who collectively managed 427,652 colonies on 1 October 2015, an estimated 16.1% of all managed colonies in the USA. Responding beekeepers reported a total annual colony loss of 40. ] between 1 April 2015 and 1 April 2016. Total winter colony loss was 26.9% [95% CI 26.4-27.4%] while total summer colony loss was 23.6% [95% CI 23.0-24.1%], making this the third consecutive year when summer losses have approximated to winter losses. Across all operation types, 32.3% of responding beekeepers reported no winter losses. Whilst the loss rate in the winter of 2015-2016 was amongst the lowest winter losses recorded over the ten years this survey has been conducted, 59.0% (n = 3378) of responding beekeepers had higher losses than they deemed acceptable. Encuesta nacional 2015-2016 sobre pe ´rdidas anuales de colonias de la abeja de la miel manejada en los EE.UU Las pe ´rdidas de colonias de abejas manejadas son preocupantes en los Estados Unidos y en el mundo. Esta encuesta, que documenta la tasa de pe ´rdida de colonias en los EE.UU. durante la temporada 2015-2016, es el de ´cimo informe de las pe ´rdidas de invierno, y el quinto de las pe ´rdidas de verano y anuales. Nuestros resultados resumen las respuestas de 5.725 encuestados va ´lidos, quienes colectivamente manejaron 427.652 colonias el 1 de octubre de 2015, un 16.1% de todas las colonias manejadas en los Estados Unidos. Los apicultores respondieron con una pe ´rdida total de colonias anual del 40.5% [IC del 95%: 39.8-41.1%] entre el 1 de abril de 2015 y el 1 de abril de 2016. La pe ´rdida total de colonias de invierno fue del 26.9% .4%], y las de verano del 23.6% [IC del 95%: 23.0-24.1%], lo que lo convierte en el tercer an ˜o consecutivo en que las pe ´rdidas del verano se han aproximado a las pe ´rdidas de invierno. En todos los tipos de operaciones, el 32.3% de los apicultores que respondieron no reportaron pe ´rdidas de invierno. Mientras que la tasa de pe ´rdidas en el invierno de 2015-2016 fue una de las pe ´rdidas de invierno ma ´s bajas registradas durante los diez an ˜os que se han realizado esta encuesta, el 59.0% (n = 3.378) de los apicultores que respondieron tuvieron mayores pe ´rdidas de las que consideraban aceptables.
Honey bee colony losses are a major concern in the USA and across the globe. Long-term data on lo... more Honey bee colony losses are a major concern in the USA and across the globe. Long-term data on losses are critical for putting yearly losses in context. US colony loss surveys have been conducted yearly since the winter of 2006-2007. Here, we report the results from the eighth annual survey on winter losses and the second annual survey of summer and annual losses. There were 7425 valid respondents (7123 backyard, 190 sideline, and 112 commercial beekeepers) managing 497,855 colonies, 19 % of the total US colonies. Total losses reported were 3 %] over the summer,1 %] over the winter, and 34.1 % for the whole year. Average losses were 15.1 % [95 % CI 14.5-15.7 %] over the summer, 44.8 % [95 % CI 43.9-45.7 %] over the winter, and 51.1 % [95 % CI 50.2-51.6 %] for the whole year. While total winter loss was one of the lowest reported in 8 years, 66 % of all beekeepers had higher losses than they deemed acceptable.
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