Skip to main content

Sekyi Samuel

University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana - Wa Campus, Economics And Entrepreneurship Development, Faculty Member

Followers

8

Following

4

Co-authors

2

Public Views

Samuel Sekyi holds Master of Philosophy degree in Economics from the University of Cape Coast, Ghana. He currently lectures at University for Development Studies, Ghana. He has published in both local and international peer-reviewed journals. His main areas of expertise and interest include Microeconometrics, health economics, development economics, trade, and agricultural financing.

less

Samuel Amponsah

Edward Nketiah-Amponsah

James C Knowles

Getnet A L E M U Zewdu

Addis Ababa University

Ricardo Bitrán

Johnson Addai-Asante

Shehrin Mahmood

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh

Yogesh Rajkotia

Interests

Uploads

Papers by Sekyi Samuel

The Effects of Health Insurance on Outpatient Utilization and Healthcareexpenditure in Ghana

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHI... more The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on the probability of utilizing outpatient care and its related out-of-pocket expenditure.A logit regression model was used to analyse the probability of utilizing outpatient care whiles a linear regression model was used to analyse the impact of NHIS memberships on out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure. Data for the study was obtained through a household survey. In all, 384 individuals were randomly selected and interviewed. The study reveals that insured respondents were more likely to utilize outpatient care than were their uninsured counterparts.Additionally, the results suggest that membership of NHIS has a strong protective effect on out-ofpocket expenditures for outpatient care. We conclude that NHIS is an effective tool for increasing utilization of modern healthcare services particularly outpatient care and that membership can protect households from the potentially catastroph...

Credit market participation by women-owned small scale enterprises in Wa and Jirapa districts of the Upper West region of Ghana

This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence a... more This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence access to credit, source of credit and the quantum of the credit by small scale enterprises operated by women. Literature so far has overly concentrated on access to credit by households in general. Those that focus on women do not usually look at women as entrepreneurs and how their entrepreneurial environments affect access to credit. This study in response investigates the theme of credit in a triple hurdle fashion. Primary data were collected from a representative sample of 250 women entrepreneurs using structured questionnaires. Probit model with sample selection and tobit model were employed in analysing the data. The results indicated that characteristics surrounding the entrepreneur and the enterprise such as entrepreneur’s age, education and size of business among other economic activities affect access to credit. The results confirm that owner, enterprise and credit institution ...

Poverty and malaria morbidity in the Jirapa District of Ghana: A count regression approach

Cogent Economics & Finance, 2017

International Journal of Economics and Finance Vol.1, No. 1, February 2009

International Journal of Economics and Finance, 2009

Participation in the credit market by small scale enterprises in Ghana: Evidence from Wa Municipality

African journal of business management

This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market an... more This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market and also examines their choice of credit source in the Wa Municipality of Ghana using 200 small scale enterprises. Primary data were collected with the help of self-administered structured questionnaires. In a departure from much of the existing literature, bivariate probit model is used to account for potential unobserved heterogeneity. The study finds evidence of a positive correlation between the unobserved factors affecting participation and choice of credit sources. The results revealed that entrepreneur's decision to participate in the credit market is significantly influenced by age, household size, education, income and wealth. Also, age and its squared term and education significantly influenced entrepreneurs' preference for formal credit sources. The study recommends that appropriate educational packages both formal and informal such as evening schools and adult literacy programmes should be organised for owners of small scale enterprises. There is also the need for policy measures to increase access to formal financial resources by small-scale enterprises via the establishment of credit insurance scheme to protect the financial institutions against high risks associated with advancing credit to small-scale enterprises.

Enrolment on Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana: Evidence from Mfantseman Municipality

Ghana Journal of Development Studies, 2015

Agricultural Finance Review Farm credit access, credit constraint and productivity in Ghana: Empirical evidence from Northern Savannah ecological zone Article information

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine farmers’ access to credit, credit constraint, a... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine farmers’ access to credit, credit constraint, and
productivity in the Northern Savannah ecological zone of Ghana.
Design/methodology/approach – Secondary data from Ghana Feed the Future baseline survey
involving a total sample of 2,968 farm households were used. The conditional mixed process (CMP) framework was applied to estimate access to credit, credit constraint, and productivity simultaneously. As a system estimator, the CMP corrects for possible heterogeneity and sample selection bias.
Findings – The results from the estimations revealed that age, literacy, farm non-mechanized equipment,
and group membership were the variables influencing farmers’ access to credit. Credit constraint conditions
were determined by household size, locality, group membership, and household durable assets. Finally, the results showed that the productivity of farmers was dependent on marital status, household size, locality, farm
size, commercialization, farm mechanized equipment, group membership, and household durable assets.
Originality/value – This paper is the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to use the CMP framework
to jointly estimate access to credit, credit constraint, and productivity. The results indicate that estimating
credit access and constraint models separately would have yielded biased estimates. Thus, this paper informs
future research on farmers’ credit access, credit constraint, and productivity for informed policymaking.
Keywords Ghana, Productivity, Conditional mixed process, Credit access, Credit constraint
Paper type: Research paper

International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues Rural Households' Credit Access and Loan Amount in Wa Municipality, Ghana

This study focused on the determinants of rural households' access to credit and loan amount. Mul... more This study focused on the determinants of rural households' access to credit and loan amount. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select a sample of 120 households from the Wa Municipality. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. In the absence of potential sample selection bias, a probit model and ordinary least squares regression were estimated. Empirical results show that gender, age, farming and trading occupations, credit history, and household income are significant determinants of rural households' credit access. Also, gender, education, marital status, trading, formal sector workers, distance and credit source are significant predictors of loan amount. It is recommended that appropriate educational programmes be designed through promotion of self-financing adult literacy classes and local media to increase awareness and knowledge of households on credit. Additionally, procedure for getting loan should be simplified. Finally, to ease rural credit constraints informal financial institutions should increase their presence in the rural communities.

Poverty and malaria morbidity in the Jirapa District of Ghana: A count regression approach

Malaria potentially affects everyone in the tropics and sub-tropics, however, the poor and vulner... more Malaria potentially affects everyone in the tropics and sub-tropics, however, the poor and vulnerable are worse affected mainly due to the socioeconomic constraints that confront them. In Ghana, the Upper West Region, which is the poorest, is one of the worse affected in terms of malaria burden. Given social and economic factors directly relate to malaria morbidity, global malaria control strategy unfortunately has not particularly targeted the effects of socioeconomic deprivation on the disease morbidity and control. This study investigates the linkages between poverty and malaria morbidity using count data models, with Jirapa District in the Upper West Region of Ghana as the study area. Empirical results confirm the presence of poverty in the study area as more than half of households depend on heads whose incomes are below the poverty line of US$1 per day and that significant relationships exist between poverty and education on the one hand and malaria morbidity on the other, since gender and level of education of household head, and household poverty situation are significant determinants of malaria morbidity. The study thus recommends that policies aimed at reducing and/or eradicating malaria should include measures to increase income earning capacity of households in the study area.

African Journal of Business Management Participation in the credit market by small scale enterprises in Ghana: Evidence from Wa Municipality

This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market an... more This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market and also examines their choice of credit source in the Wa Municipality of Ghana using 200 small scale enterprises. Primary data were collected with the help of self-administered structured questionnaires. In a departure from much of the existing literature, bivariate probit model is used to account for potential unobserved heterogeneity. The study finds evidence of a positive correlation between the unobserved factors affecting participation and choice of credit sources. The results revealed that entrepreneur's decision to participate in the credit market is significantly influenced by age, household size, education, income and wealth. Also, age and its squared term and education significantly influenced entrepreneurs' preference for formal credit sources. The study recommends that appropriate educational packages both formal and informal such as evening schools and adult literacy programmes should be organised for owners of small scale enterprises. There is also the need for policy measures to increase access to formal financial resources by small-scale enterprises via the establishment of credit insurance scheme to protect the financial institutions against high risks associated with advancing credit to small-scale enterprises.

Credit market participation by women-owned small scale enterprises in Wa and Jirapa districts of the Upper West region of Ghana

by Sekyi Samuel and Benjamin Musah Abu

This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence a... more This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence access to credit, source of credit and the quantum of the credit by small scale enterprises operated by women. Literature so far has overly concentrated on access to credit by households in general. Those that focus on women do not usually look at women as entrepreneurs and how their entrepreneurial environments affect access to credit. This study in response investigates the theme of credit in a triple hurdle fashion. Primary data were collected from a representative sample of 250 women entrepreneurs using structured questionnaires. Probit model with sample selection and tobit model were employed in analysing the data. The results indicated that characteristics surrounding the entrepreneur and the enterprise such as entrepreneur's age, education and size of business among other economic activities affect access to credit. The results confirm that owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics influence access to credit as has been established in literature. The study recommends that the Business Advisory Centre of the National Board for Small Scale Industries should be more proactive and well-resourced to enable it perform its core mandate of facilitating the growth of micro and small scale industries to ensure access to credit.

The Effects of Health Insurance on Outpatient Utilization and Healthcareexpenditure in Ghana

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHI... more The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on the probability of utilizing outpatient care and its related out-of-pocket expenditure.A logit regression model was used to analyse the probability of utilizing outpatient care whiles a linear regression model was used to analyse the impact of NHIS memberships on out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure. Data for the study was obtained through a household survey. In all, 384 individuals were randomly selected and interviewed. The study reveals that insured respondents were more likely to utilize outpatient care than were their uninsured counterparts.Additionally, the results suggest that membership of NHIS has a strong protective effect on out-of-pocket expenditures for outpatient care. We conclude that NHIS is an effective tool for increasing utilization of modern healthcare services particularly outpatient care and that membership can protect households from the potentially catastrophic healthcare expenditures.

Enrolment on Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana: Evidence from Mfantseman Municipality

by Sekyi Samuel and Johnson Addai-Asante

The study aimed at analysing the determinants of enrolment in the Ghanas national health insuranc... more The study aimed at analysing the determinants of enrolment in the Ghanas national health insurance scheme. This survey was carried out to collect cross-sectional information from a representative sample of 384 households using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select the respondents. Binary logit model was used to estimate the determinants of enrolment to the scheme. The findings show that factors such as age, occupation, place of residence, income and wealth, play an important role in shaping individuals and households decision to enrol. Additionally, sex, marital status, household size, and distance significantly influenced individuals decision to enrol whereas education influences household enrolment. It is recommended that appropriate educational packages be organised for the citizenry to encourage families to enrol, as the scheme prevents impoverishment resulting from catastrophic health expenditures and also improves access to healthcare. Targeted demand-side subsidy for the indigents would contribute to welfare gain and could help government achieve universal healthcare coverage.

The Effects of Health Insurance on Outpatient Utilization and Healthcareexpenditure in Ghana

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHI... more The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on the probability of utilizing outpatient care and its related out-of-pocket expenditure.A logit regression model was used to analyse the probability of utilizing outpatient care whiles a linear regression model was used to analyse the impact of NHIS memberships on out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure. Data for the study was obtained through a household survey. In all, 384 individuals were randomly selected and interviewed. The study reveals that insured respondents were more likely to utilize outpatient care than were their uninsured counterparts.Additionally, the results suggest that membership of NHIS has a strong protective effect on out-ofpocket expenditures for outpatient care. We conclude that NHIS is an effective tool for increasing utilization of modern healthcare services particularly outpatient care and that membership can protect households from the potentially catastroph...

Credit market participation by women-owned small scale enterprises in Wa and Jirapa districts of the Upper West region of Ghana

This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence a... more This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence access to credit, source of credit and the quantum of the credit by small scale enterprises operated by women. Literature so far has overly concentrated on access to credit by households in general. Those that focus on women do not usually look at women as entrepreneurs and how their entrepreneurial environments affect access to credit. This study in response investigates the theme of credit in a triple hurdle fashion. Primary data were collected from a representative sample of 250 women entrepreneurs using structured questionnaires. Probit model with sample selection and tobit model were employed in analysing the data. The results indicated that characteristics surrounding the entrepreneur and the enterprise such as entrepreneur’s age, education and size of business among other economic activities affect access to credit. The results confirm that owner, enterprise and credit institution ...

Poverty and malaria morbidity in the Jirapa District of Ghana: A count regression approach

Cogent Economics & Finance, 2017

International Journal of Economics and Finance Vol.1, No. 1, February 2009

International Journal of Economics and Finance, 2009

Participation in the credit market by small scale enterprises in Ghana: Evidence from Wa Municipality

African journal of business management

This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market an... more This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market and also examines their choice of credit source in the Wa Municipality of Ghana using 200 small scale enterprises. Primary data were collected with the help of self-administered structured questionnaires. In a departure from much of the existing literature, bivariate probit model is used to account for potential unobserved heterogeneity. The study finds evidence of a positive correlation between the unobserved factors affecting participation and choice of credit sources. The results revealed that entrepreneur's decision to participate in the credit market is significantly influenced by age, household size, education, income and wealth. Also, age and its squared term and education significantly influenced entrepreneurs' preference for formal credit sources. The study recommends that appropriate educational packages both formal and informal such as evening schools and adult literacy programmes should be organised for owners of small scale enterprises. There is also the need for policy measures to increase access to formal financial resources by small-scale enterprises via the establishment of credit insurance scheme to protect the financial institutions against high risks associated with advancing credit to small-scale enterprises.

Enrolment on Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana: Evidence from Mfantseman Municipality

Ghana Journal of Development Studies, 2015

Agricultural Finance Review Farm credit access, credit constraint and productivity in Ghana: Empirical evidence from Northern Savannah ecological zone Article information

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine farmers’ access to credit, credit constraint, a... more Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine farmers’ access to credit, credit constraint, and
productivity in the Northern Savannah ecological zone of Ghana.
Design/methodology/approach – Secondary data from Ghana Feed the Future baseline survey
involving a total sample of 2,968 farm households were used. The conditional mixed process (CMP) framework was applied to estimate access to credit, credit constraint, and productivity simultaneously. As a system estimator, the CMP corrects for possible heterogeneity and sample selection bias.
Findings – The results from the estimations revealed that age, literacy, farm non-mechanized equipment,
and group membership were the variables influencing farmers’ access to credit. Credit constraint conditions
were determined by household size, locality, group membership, and household durable assets. Finally, the results showed that the productivity of farmers was dependent on marital status, household size, locality, farm
size, commercialization, farm mechanized equipment, group membership, and household durable assets.
Originality/value – This paper is the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to use the CMP framework
to jointly estimate access to credit, credit constraint, and productivity. The results indicate that estimating
credit access and constraint models separately would have yielded biased estimates. Thus, this paper informs
future research on farmers’ credit access, credit constraint, and productivity for informed policymaking.
Keywords Ghana, Productivity, Conditional mixed process, Credit access, Credit constraint
Paper type: Research paper

International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues Rural Households' Credit Access and Loan Amount in Wa Municipality, Ghana

This study focused on the determinants of rural households' access to credit and loan amount. Mul... more This study focused on the determinants of rural households' access to credit and loan amount. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select a sample of 120 households from the Wa Municipality. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. In the absence of potential sample selection bias, a probit model and ordinary least squares regression were estimated. Empirical results show that gender, age, farming and trading occupations, credit history, and household income are significant determinants of rural households' credit access. Also, gender, education, marital status, trading, formal sector workers, distance and credit source are significant predictors of loan amount. It is recommended that appropriate educational programmes be designed through promotion of self-financing adult literacy classes and local media to increase awareness and knowledge of households on credit. Additionally, procedure for getting loan should be simplified. Finally, to ease rural credit constraints informal financial institutions should increase their presence in the rural communities.

Poverty and malaria morbidity in the Jirapa District of Ghana: A count regression approach

Malaria potentially affects everyone in the tropics and sub-tropics, however, the poor and vulner... more Malaria potentially affects everyone in the tropics and sub-tropics, however, the poor and vulnerable are worse affected mainly due to the socioeconomic constraints that confront them. In Ghana, the Upper West Region, which is the poorest, is one of the worse affected in terms of malaria burden. Given social and economic factors directly relate to malaria morbidity, global malaria control strategy unfortunately has not particularly targeted the effects of socioeconomic deprivation on the disease morbidity and control. This study investigates the linkages between poverty and malaria morbidity using count data models, with Jirapa District in the Upper West Region of Ghana as the study area. Empirical results confirm the presence of poverty in the study area as more than half of households depend on heads whose incomes are below the poverty line of US$1 per day and that significant relationships exist between poverty and education on the one hand and malaria morbidity on the other, since gender and level of education of household head, and household poverty situation are significant determinants of malaria morbidity. The study thus recommends that policies aimed at reducing and/or eradicating malaria should include measures to increase income earning capacity of households in the study area.

African Journal of Business Management Participation in the credit market by small scale enterprises in Ghana: Evidence from Wa Municipality

This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market an... more This study analyses the determinants of small scale enterprises participation in credit market and also examines their choice of credit source in the Wa Municipality of Ghana using 200 small scale enterprises. Primary data were collected with the help of self-administered structured questionnaires. In a departure from much of the existing literature, bivariate probit model is used to account for potential unobserved heterogeneity. The study finds evidence of a positive correlation between the unobserved factors affecting participation and choice of credit sources. The results revealed that entrepreneur's decision to participate in the credit market is significantly influenced by age, household size, education, income and wealth. Also, age and its squared term and education significantly influenced entrepreneurs' preference for formal credit sources. The study recommends that appropriate educational packages both formal and informal such as evening schools and adult literacy programmes should be organised for owners of small scale enterprises. There is also the need for policy measures to increase access to formal financial resources by small-scale enterprises via the establishment of credit insurance scheme to protect the financial institutions against high risks associated with advancing credit to small-scale enterprises.

Credit market participation by women-owned small scale enterprises in Wa and Jirapa districts of the Upper West region of Ghana

by Sekyi Samuel and Benjamin Musah Abu

This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence a... more This study looks at owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics that may influence access to credit, source of credit and the quantum of the credit by small scale enterprises operated by women. Literature so far has overly concentrated on access to credit by households in general. Those that focus on women do not usually look at women as entrepreneurs and how their entrepreneurial environments affect access to credit. This study in response investigates the theme of credit in a triple hurdle fashion. Primary data were collected from a representative sample of 250 women entrepreneurs using structured questionnaires. Probit model with sample selection and tobit model were employed in analysing the data. The results indicated that characteristics surrounding the entrepreneur and the enterprise such as entrepreneur's age, education and size of business among other economic activities affect access to credit. The results confirm that owner, enterprise and credit institution characteristics influence access to credit as has been established in literature. The study recommends that the Business Advisory Centre of the National Board for Small Scale Industries should be more proactive and well-resourced to enable it perform its core mandate of facilitating the growth of micro and small scale industries to ensure access to credit.

The Effects of Health Insurance on Outpatient Utilization and Healthcareexpenditure in Ghana

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHI... more The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on the probability of utilizing outpatient care and its related out-of-pocket expenditure.A logit regression model was used to analyse the probability of utilizing outpatient care whiles a linear regression model was used to analyse the impact of NHIS memberships on out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure. Data for the study was obtained through a household survey. In all, 384 individuals were randomly selected and interviewed. The study reveals that insured respondents were more likely to utilize outpatient care than were their uninsured counterparts.Additionally, the results suggest that membership of NHIS has a strong protective effect on out-of-pocket expenditures for outpatient care. We conclude that NHIS is an effective tool for increasing utilization of modern healthcare services particularly outpatient care and that membership can protect households from the potentially catastrophic healthcare expenditures.

Enrolment on Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana: Evidence from Mfantseman Municipality

by Sekyi Samuel and Johnson Addai-Asante

The study aimed at analysing the determinants of enrolment in the Ghanas national health insuranc... more The study aimed at analysing the determinants of enrolment in the Ghanas national health insurance scheme. This survey was carried out to collect cross-sectional information from a representative sample of 384 households using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select the respondents. Binary logit model was used to estimate the determinants of enrolment to the scheme. The findings show that factors such as age, occupation, place of residence, income and wealth, play an important role in shaping individuals and households decision to enrol. Additionally, sex, marital status, household size, and distance significantly influenced individuals decision to enrol whereas education influences household enrolment. It is recommended that appropriate educational packages be organised for the citizenry to encourage families to enrol, as the scheme prevents impoverishment resulting from catastrophic health expenditures and also improves access to healthcare. Targeted demand-side subsidy for the indigents would contribute to welfare gain and could help government achieve universal healthcare coverage.