Papers by Maria Hajnalova
Vegetation history and archaeobotany, Feb 8, 2024
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Študijné zvesti Archeologického ústavu SAV
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Radiocarbon, Aug 8, 2023
ABSTRACT The fifth season of excavations of Oponice Castle in 2020 was located in the lower castl... more ABSTRACT The fifth season of excavations of Oponice Castle in 2020 was located in the lower castle’s courtyard. The research led to discovery of an original clay floor being heavily burned with charred plank and a rectangular stone-brick construction. The construction has collapsed upper part with a fallen low brick arch. The whole area was covered with numerous stove tiles and one clay mold for the production of stove tiles. The construction was identified as a pottery kiln dated to the second half of the 16th until the first half of the 17th century AD by the findings from excavated layer identified to the kiln destruction. Also, written sources mention a large fire in 1645 which destroyed the castle. The aim of this article is to use different methods of dating and refine the chronology of the context through microarchaeology and Bayesian modeling. For these purposes different types of samples were collected. The sampling focused on site formation process determination of pottery kiln use and the way of its destruction. Applying Bayesian analysis improved overall dating, through modeled time interval of the three individual sequences and helped recreated historical events during the period, when the calibration curve fluctuates.
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Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, Mar 10, 2023
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Jde o archeologický výzkum severoceských piskovcových převisů. Hlavnim předmětem teto studie je i... more Jde o archeologický výzkum severoceských piskovcových převisů. Hlavnim předmětem teto studie je izolovana skala Okrouhliku s ustředni linii převisů podel sve jižni stěny. Co se týce metod výzkumu byl zvolen plosný odkryv celeho převisu, s kresebnou dokumentaci profilů i sidelnich horizontů a trojrozměrnou dokumentaci polohy artefaktů i naturfaktů.
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Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften eBooks, 2015
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Archeologické rozhledy, Dec 12, 2013
Clanek seznamuje s vyhodnocenim archeobotanických a archeozoologických vzorků z výzkumu v Kostici... more Clanek seznamuje s vyhodnocenim archeobotanických a archeozoologických vzorků z výzkumu v Kosticich – Zadnim hrudu (okr. Břeclav), realizovaneho v letech 2009–2011. Přispiva k řeseni otazek spojených se subsistencni strategii spolecnosti v obdobi od 6. do pocatku 13. stol. v oblasti dolniho Podyji (Ceska republika). Zaznamenaný trend podporuje archeologický obraz osady, ktera v době Velke Moravy (9. stol.) tvořila subsistencni zazemi blizkeho centra na Pohansku u Břeclavi. Po propadu způsobenem kolapsem velkomoravske spolecnosti (10. stol.) zde doslo k revitalizaci a naslednemu boomu celeho sidlistniho komplexu. V mladohradistnim obdobi (11. až 12. stol.), kdy zde vznika centralni lokalita druheho řadu (trhova ves),produkuje sidlistě poměrne siroke spektrum plodin i kvalitni maso pro sebe, a možna i pro nedaleke pravni centrum v přemyslovske Břeclavi.
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Musaica archaeologica, 2020
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Hacquetia, 2010
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Springer eBooks, 2012
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Tento přispěvek je postaven na dvou nezavislých studiich. Prvni z nich je celkove zpracovanim lok... more Tento přispěvek je postaven na dvou nezavislých studiich. Prvni z nich je celkove zpracovanim lokality ze středni a mladsi doby bronzove (Přaslavice, Morava), druhým je uplne zpracovani archeobotanických dat z doby bronzove na Slovensku. Obě studie dosly nezavisle k zavěru, že ve středni době bronzove (1600/1550-1300 BC) je zřejma proměna hospodařske strategie, ve vztahu k obdobi předchazejici starsi doby bronzove (2100-1600/1550 BC) i doby popelnicových poli (1300-800 BC). Kombinace poznatků z uzemi Moravy a Slovenska umožňuje sledovat proměnu zemědělske produkce a souvisejici hospodařskou proměnu.
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Archeologické rozhledy, Oct 1, 2016
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Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
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Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2021
Abstract The study presents nitrogen isotope data from prehistoric and Medieval charred cereal gr... more Abstract The study presents nitrogen isotope data from prehistoric and Medieval charred cereal grains and grains from modern experiments in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The results are consistent with δ15N values of cereals from other European countries. Various crops were manured differently, perhaps according to specific societal needs. Surprisingly, the highest (but also the lowest) δ15N value is found in barley. In modern experiments, means of fertilisation other than farmyard manure were tested. Based on these findings, and on soil analysis and prehistoric settlement activity observed within an agricultural landscape, we propose an alternative method for maintaining soil productivity by the periodic movement of fields within the settlement areas into places intensively fertilised by abandoned habitation areas, and vice versa. The results of the isotopic analysis of more than 700 archaeobotanical samples of cereal grains from Europe show that the improvement and maintenance of good soil productivity by adding organic material has been practised everywhere, to a greater or lesser extent, since the very beginnings of agricultural history, and confirm the high level of skill in prehistoric and Early Medieval farming practices.
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Živá archeologie, 2013
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Bibracte, Centre archéologique européen, 2020
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CATENA, 2022
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Papers by Maria Hajnalova
Archaeobotanical Working Group. It was in 2005. After several very simple and modestly
organized meetings our group was transformed into the Conference of Environmental
Archaeology since 2010 as Czech speaking action. Yet in 2015 we decided to organize first international meeting in English.
So, welcome to České Budějovice! This conference is connected with main activity of the PAPAVER, Centre for human and plant
studies in Europe and Northern Africa, founded in 2012 by the Laboratory of Archaeobotany and Palaeoecology, Faculty of Science with collaboration of the Institute of Archaeology,
Faculty of Philosophy, University of South Bohemia. The aim of the PAPAVER centre is to develop ties within the interdisciplinary team consisting of paleoecologists, archaeologists, and vegetation ecologists in order to create an effective space for the study of climatic, cultural as well as landscape changes in vegetation and crops along a gradient from Northern Africa across Central Europe up to the coldest areas of the north. The purpose of the project is to connect and coordinate key experts of international repute and thus provide the South Bohemian team the dynamics and impulses for the development of top quality research. A research centre bears the name of a genus of poppies (Papaver), whose representatives are distributed from the coldest areas in the High Arctic to the warmest Northern Africa, thus, representing the region targeted by the project research interests.
21st January 2015,
Jaromír Beneš – Petr Pokorný