Physical Education and Sport

Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümü U.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü'nde yüksek lisans tezi olarak Doç. Dr. Ersin ALTINTAŞ tarafından yönetilmiştir. Özet. Bu araştırmanın amacı, beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenlerinin sosyal beceri düzeylerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini 2001-2002 öğretim yılında Bursa ilinde görev yapan beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada il merkezindeki okullarda görev yapan tüm öğretmenlere ulaşılmaya çalışılmış, geri dönen envanterlerden 311'i istatistiksel analize dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan araç Riggio (1986, 1989) tarafından geliştirilen ve Galip Yüksel (1998) tarafından Türkçe'ye uyarlanan sosyal beceri envanteridir. Sonuç olarak araştırmaya katılan beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri sosyal beceri envanterinden ortalama 283.36, duyuşsal anlatımcılık alt ölçeğinden 44.88, duyuşsal duyarlık alt ölçeğinden 48.86, duyuşsal kontrol alt ölçeğinden 41.85, sosyal anlatımcılık alt ölçeğinden 46.86, sosyal duyarlık alt ölçeğinden 43.73, sosyal kontrol alt ölçeğinden ise 57.18 puan almışlardır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Sosyal Beceri, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmeni.

The purpose of this study is to determine the social skills level of physical education and sport department students. The working group consisted of 208 students who study at Uludag University Faculty of Education, Physical Education and Sport Department in the 2005-2006 academic year. The research has been designed as descriptive research. The material used in this research is Social Skills Inventory (SSI). As a result, students who participated in the research took an average 292.60 points in SSI, 46.61 points on the emotional expressivity inferior scale (EE), 53.41 points on the emotional sensitivity inferior scale (ES), 41.34 points on the emotional control inferior scale (EC), 48.05 points on the social expressivity inferior scale (SE), 47.93 points on the social sensitivity inferior scale (SS) and 55.26 points on the social control inferior scale (SC). In terms of sexuality variable, girls achieved higher points on the SSI, EE inferior scale and ES inferior scale while boys g...

Physical education is a mandatory subject in schools in most European countries [1] [2]. School-based physical education is deemed to be effective for increasing accessibility to physical activities, increasing levels of physical activity, as well as helping young people gain sport skills necessary for continued involvement in being physically active [3]. The International Association for Physical Education in Higher Education (AIESEP) Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) Statement (2014) [4] defines quality physical education, at any level, as that which concerns the physical, affective, social and cognitive development of young people, exposing them to positive individual and collective learning experiences where they develop knowledge, skills and dispositions that allow them to be informed and responsible decision makers relative to engagement in physical activity and sport in their lives.

The purpose of this research was to explore the similarities and differences of existing induction systems for physical education (PE) teachers in Europe. Physical education teacher education (PETE) experts from 25 European countries shared their PETE curricula and best practices in their induction systems. Data was collected through a semi-structured template that informed the experts’ presentation of the induction procedures and experiences in their respective countries. Question and answer sessions after each presentation allowed for clarification and further information to be collected. All presentations were thematically analysed. Results stated that in the majority of countries involved in this project, there is no coherent or systematic structured induction programmes for novice PE teachers. Some countries have developed a good system of induction, some are trying to develop it however in most cases, in some reasons, those systems are relatively unsystematic and not fully emb...

Fanzine is an alternative printed material created by the abbreviation of fanatic and magazıne words in English, from financial sources and hierarchical structures. There are examples reproduced by different methods, and they are publications which are reproduced through photocopying and distributed without selling purpose. Apart from the magazine (periodicals), the time comes out indefinitely and prepares more amateurs. The "Fanzine" used in Turkish as "Fanzin" can be formed by the works of various and various subjects as well as the works (texts, pictures, photographs, cartoons, etc.) The Fanzines, which can be made using any kind of material, can be single-page or multi-page stapled, needled. Traditionally, it consists of different elements such as handwriting, typewriter, collage, drawing. The main difference of this media tool from the medium settled on the average perception is that the readout itself is produced by the ones who are in the same position, not by consuming the content from above, but by being introduced in the horizontal line and being a potential Fanzine activator in the reader. Before all the definitions of the Fanzines, it is seen that there are certain measures with the output shapes. Directness, without extending a promise, without aesthetic worry, without raising anyone or anything, to say the word without worrying and fearless, while doing so, all kinds of intermediaries are removed and the broadcast is delivered directly. When it emerged as an opposition, it is located outside the social tendencies of the power tools. The aim of this study is to investigate the Turkey Fanzine culture and sports zines. The study was conducted by survey method in the world and in Turkey were examined for of the sociological effects of screening Fanzine sources.

The Covid-19 pandemic has had negative effects throughout the whole world, including education systems. To overcome this negativity, all educational institutions have turned to internet-based education. However, the educator's self-efficacy is of more importance in this system. This study aimed to reveal the connection between the University academic staff's genders, ages, titles (doctorate/non-doctorate), and work year characteristics and their self-efficacy beliefs about their educational Internet usage. The sample consists of 100 [51% (n = 51) female and 49% (n = 49) male] academic staff, who were selected according to convenience sampling in the Faculty of Education and Faculty of Sport Sciences at Uludag University. In this study, the "Educational Internet Usage Self-Efficacy Beliefs" scale, developed by Şahin (2009), was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics refer to number and percentage for qualitative variables; quantitative variables are summarized using mean, median, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum statistics. Univariate analyses used binary group comparisons with the Student's t-test and relationships between numerical variables and Spearman correlation coefficients. Multiple regression analysis was used, in conjunction with the backward method, for the multivariate linear regression method. Analysis results alpha (Type I error) value was evaluated at the level of 0.05 significance. The mean level of self-efficacy belief of academic staff is 109,42. Since the highest score that can be obtained from the scale is 140, the relationships between scale score and age and duration of service variables are significant according to the univariate analysis, while differences in gender and PhD and non-PhD groups are not significant. When multiple linear regression analysis is applied with the backward stepwise method, age and academic title variables are significant in the model. Additionally, the mean scale scores of PhD academicians are higher than others.

This study tested the impact of physical education (PE) teachers' social capital on job satisfaction and explained levels of social capital for job satisfaction. Study participants were 210 PE teachers. The research methodology used the correlational survey model, and the instruments administered were the Social Capital Scale,and the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale. For conducting scales' confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modeling, SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 17.0 software were used. The model's goodness fit index was: RMSEA = 0.081; SRMR = 0.082; CMIN\DF = 2.523; GFI = 0.922; CFI = 0.923; AGFI = 0.843; NFI = 0.913; Chi squared = 2832.001; df = 976 and p = 0.000. According to these results, the model fit index reached an acceptable and desired level. The effect of social capital on job satisfaction and the rate of explaining job satisfaction were tested. In relation to the study's first hypothesis, it was revealed that PE teachers' social capital level and job satisfaction were positively and significantly affected. In regard to the second hypothesis, there was a significant relationship between social capital levels and PE teachers' job satisfaction. The study's most significant finding was that social capital significantly predicted PE teachers' job satisfaction.

The desire to admire has varied with the introduction of social media networks into our lives. This diversity is among the subjects worth researching, especially among women who do sports. The study aims to examine the desire to be liked and the level of use of social media networks in terms of various variables. For this purpose, the "personal information form" developed by the researchers and the "desire to like" scale developed by Kaşıkara and Doğan (2017) were applied to 120 women with an average age of 30.65. The Chi-square test was applied for the statistical solutions of the study. As a result of the analysis, a difference was found between demographic characteristics, but no similarity was found in terms of scale scores.

Fanzine is an alternative printed material created by the abbreviation of fanatic and magazıne words in English, from financial sources and hierarchical structures. There are examples reproduced by different methods, and they are publications which are reproduced through photocopying and distributed without selling purpose. Apart from the magazine (periodicals), the time comes out indefinitely and prepares more amateurs. The "Fanzine" used in Turkish as "Fanzin" can be formed by the works of various and various subjects as well as the works (texts, pictures, photographs, cartoons, etc.) The Fanzines, which can be made using any kind of material, can be single-page or multi-page stapled, needled. Traditionally, it consists of different elements such as handwriting, typewriter, collage, drawing. The main difference of this media tool from the medium settled on the average perception is that the readout itself is produced by the ones who are in the same position, no...

This study tested the impact of physical education (PE) teachers’ social capital on job satisfaction and explained levels of social capital for job satisfaction. Study participants were 210 PE teachers. The research methodology used the correlational survey model, and the instruments administered were the Social Capital Scale,and the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale. For conducting scales’ confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modeling, SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 17.0 software were used. The model’s goodness fit index was: RMSEA = 0.081; SRMR = 0.082; CMIN\DF = 2.523; GFI = 0.922; CFI = 0.923; AGFI = 0.843; NFI = 0.913; Chi squared = 2832.001; df = 976 and p = 0.000. According to these results, the model fit index reached an acceptable and desired level. The effect of social capital on job satisfaction and the rate of explaining job satisfaction were tested. In relation to the study’s first hypothesis, it was revealed that PE teachers’ social cap...

The Covid-19 pandemic has had negative effects throughout the whole world, including education systems. To overcome this negativity, all educational institutions have turned to internet-based education. However, the educator’s self-efficacy is of more importance in this system. This study aimed to reveal the connection between the University academic staff’s genders, ages, titles (doctorate/non-doctorate), and work year characteristics and their self-efficacy beliefs about their educational Internet usage. The sample consists of 100 [51% (n = 51) female and 49% (n = 49) male] academic staff, who were selected according to convenience sampling in the Faculty of Education and Faculty of Sport Sciences at Uludag University. In this study, the “Educational Internet Usage Self-Efficacy Beliefs” scale, developed by Şahin (2009), was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics refer to number and percentage for qualitative variables; quantitative variables are summarized using mean, media...

The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of pre-performance lower limb massage after warm-up on explosive and high-speed motor capacities and flexibility. Twenty-four physically active healthy Caucasian male subjects volunteered to participate in this study. All subjects were from a Physical Education and Sport Department in a large university in Turkey. The study had a counterbalanced crossover design. Each of the subjects applied the following intervention protocols in a randomised order; (a) massage, (b) stretching, and (c) rest. Before (pre) and after (post) each of the interventions, the 10 meter acceleration (AS), flying start 20 meter sprint (FS), 30 meter sprint from standing position (TS), leg reaction time (LR), vertical jump (VJ) and sit & reach (SR) tests were performed. A Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to compare before and after test values within the three interventions (massage, stretching and rest). The data showed a significant worsening, after massage and stretching interventions, in the VJ, LR (only in stretching intervention), AS and TS tests (p < 0.05), and significant improvement in the SR test (p < 0.05). In contrast, the rest intervention led only to a significant decrement in TS performance (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present findings suggest that performing 10 minute posterior and 5 minute anterior lower limb Swedish massage has an adverse effect on vertical jump, speed, and reaction time, and a positive effect on sit and reach test results.

The purpose of this study is to determine the changes occurring in the height, weight, percentage of body fat, anaerobic power, strength, speed, aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity and flexibility of cadet and junior wrestlers during the general preparation, special preparation, competitive and off season of training programme and also to determine the effects of this program on these characteristics. This study was conducted on 40 subjects. The subjects were divided into 4 groups; the experimental cadet and the experimental junior groups consisted of 10 wrestlers, control cadet and control junior groups consisted of 10 students. Physical fitness tests, percentage-based changes have been calculated in comparison with the initial data. The comparison of groups was made by multi-variable variance analysis. In our study, the increases in strength, aerobic capacity, flexibility, anaerobic power an aerobic capacity of wrestlers during the general preparation, special preparation and competition periods were statistically found much more than of the ones who do not exercise regularly (p<0.05). For wrestlers didn't have training during the transition period, their strength, speed, aerobic capacity, flexibility, anaerobic power an capacity decreased and the percentage of body fat and weight increased. For this reason, wrestlers should have active relaxation during the transition period. The same training program has been applied and it has been seen that there is no significant difference between the changes in anaerobic power, flexibility, speed, strength, weight, anaerobic capacity, aerobic capacity and percentage of body fat of junior and cadet wrestlers (p>0.05). There face, it shows us that the some training program can be applied to cadet and junior wrestlers. In order to follow the improvements in physiological characteristics of wrestlers better, these characteristics should be evaluated before the season, at the end of the general preparation period, special preparation period, the competition period and the transition period when there is insufficiency while improving these characteristics, training programs should be replanned and changed and by this way the insufficiencies of wrestlers should be satisfied before the important competitions.

The purpose of this study was to teach subjects of "The King and Rook Checkmate" and "Two Bishops Checkmate" in chess with a computer program on a web page and compare the computer-internet supported instruction method with traditional instruction method. For this reason, an experimental group (n=33, mean age=22.1 years) and a control group (n=35, mean age=22.6 years) were set up from participants of non-major Elective Chess course (VIII) taught in Uludag University, Faculty of Education, Department of Physical Education and Sports. As subjects of application, the fundamental chess topics of "The King and Rook Checkmate" and "Two Bishops Checkmate" were selected. After chess instruction of 2 hours every 5 weeks, the topics of "The King and Rook Checkmate" and "Two Bishops Checkmate" were taught to both groups in 6 th and 7 th weeks respectively. While traditional instruction methods were applied to control group, internet and computer supported education was given to experimental group. After the lessons, the students of both groups were asked to make "The King and Rook Checkmate" and "Two Bishops Checkmate". The analysis of the obtained data were made on SPSS 12 statistic program and evaluated with Chi-Square test. Significance level was accepted as p<0.05. 72.7% of the students in the experimental group and 54.3% of the students in control group learned the "The King and Rook Checkmate" topic. 69.7% of the students in the experimental group and 62.9% of the students in control group learned the "Two Bishops Checkmate" topic. As a result, can say that computer and internet supported chess instruction is more effective and efficient compared to traditional methods. Investigation on the effect of computer and internet supported instruction method on other subjects in chess was purposed.

Objectives: The training of elite athletes is a very long and complicated process. The aim of the present study is to examine the training system of elite athletes in the U.S. Methods: Three different paths were followed to collect the information. First, the web sites of organizations such as U.S.

Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivitelerini adımsayar ile belirlemek ve fiziksel aktivite ile vücut kompozisyonu ve enerji tüketimi arasındaki ilişkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya toplam 1113 kadın ve erkek üniversite öğrencisi katıldı. Deneklerin fiziksel aktiviteleri günlük adım sayısının adımsayar (Yamax PW610) ile ölçülmesi yöntemi uygulandı. Vücut kompozisyonu belirlenmesinde Bioimpedance yöntemi kullanıldı (Tanita BC-418MA). Araştırmaya katılan kadın ve erkek üniversite öğrencilerinin ortalama günlük adım sayıları sırasıyla 8020±3117 adım/gün ve 8652±3258 adım/gün olarak belirlendi. Kadın ve erkek üniversite öğrencilerinin sırasıyla günlük adım sayısı ile VKİ (r =-.115 ve-.129), SağBYY (r =-.110 ve-.131) ve SolBYY (r =-.119 ve-.103), arasında istatistiksel olarak negatif anlamlı ilişki bulunmaktadır. Günlük adım sayısı ile Enerji Tüketimi (r = .026 ve .022) arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, üniversite öğrencilerinin fiziksel aktivite seviyeleri yetersiz ve erkek öğrencilerinin günlük adım sayıları kadınlara göre daha yüksek olduğu. Ayrıca günlük adım sayısı ile vücut yağ yüzdesi arasında negatif ilişki bulunmaktadır.

The main aim of the present study was to determine the short- and ultra-short-term heart rate variability (HRV) during different physical and physiological tests and to compare HRV to different performance levels. The latter aim was to compare participants’ short- and ultra-short-term heart rate variability before-during-post-tests. Our hypothesis was that there would be a significant difference between test performance and HRV parameters, and the high performing group would have significantly higher HRV parameters than the low performing group. Fifty-three healthy men (Mage=26.9±4 years, Mheight=177.9±5.7 cm; Mweight =77.8±8.7 kg) were recruited in the current study. We completed the data collection procedure for each participant in four consecutive days. On day-1, anthropometric measurements were conducted and then participants performed isokinetic tests. On day-2, participants performed anaerobic tests; on day-3 equilibrium tests, and on day-4 aerobic capacity tests. The HRV reco...

The aim of the present study was to compare the physical fitness levels of physically active and sedentary individuals with hearing impairment. The study included physical active (G1) n=30  and sedentary (G2) n=15 students with upper level hearing impairment, ranging in age from 16 to 20 years and communicating through lip- reading and sign language. In order to determine the physical fitness level of the subjects, their anthropometric characteristics, and other characteristics such as aerobic capacity, anaerobic power, vertical jump, right and left hand grip and velocity were measured. Analysis of the data obtained from the subjects was made using the “Independent - Samples T” test. A significant difference was observed between G1 and G2 in terms of aerobic power (MaxVO2) respectively 54,3 and 45 ml/kg/dk, vertical jump 53,6 and 45 cm, anaerobic power 110.2 kg/m/sec, 100.4 kg/m/sec, and velocity- 30 m run 4.31 and 4.59 sec (p&lt;0.05). In conclusion, it can be said that there was a...

Çin'in Wuhan kentinde görülen ardından tüm dünyaya yayılan koronavirüs birçok alanda etkilerini gösterdiği gibi eğitim alanını da etkilemiştir. Öğrencilerin okuldan ve sosyal yaşamdan uzaklaşmak zorunda kaldıkları bu süreçte, günlük rutinlerin büyük bir kısmında bozulmalar meydana gelmiştir. Geçirilen süreçte çocukların tüm sağlığı için çok önemli olan fiziksel aktivitenin gerekli düzeyde gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilmediği bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada Bursa'da yaşayan ortaokul öğrencilerinin Covid-19 salgını sürecinde fiziksel aktivite düzeylerindeki değişikliklerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bursa'nın merkez ilçelerde yaşayan, 11-14 yaş 103 erkek, 166 kadın toplam 269 ortaokul öğrencisi, uzman görüşleri alınarak araştırmacılar tarafından düzenlenen anketi cevaplamıştır. Tanımlayıcı istatistiklerin yanı sıra Ki-kare ve Wilcoxon sıralı işaretler analizleri yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların %65'i Covid-19 salgını sırasında fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin düştüğünü ifade ederken, yapılan analizler sonucu normal zamanlarda ve Covid-19 salgını sırasında egzersizde geçen sürenin anlamlı şekilde farklı olduğu (p<.05), Covid-19 salgını sırasında egzersizde geçirilen sürede anlamlı düşüş meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin Covid-19 salgını sırasında %17,2'sinin ve normal zamanlarda ise %18,1'inin tavsiye edilen haftalık fiziksel aktiviteyi sergiledikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, öğrencilerin kendi kendilerine fiziksel aktiviteyi gerçekleştirebilecek motivasyon, bilgi ve beceriye sahip olması günümüz dünyasında son derece önemli hale geldiğinden, sağlıklı ve aktif yaşam alışkanlıkları edindirmede önemli role sahip olan beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin derslerinde sağlık temelli kazanımlara ağırlık vermesi anlamlıdır. Okullarda fiziksel aktivite fırsatlarının yaratılması, oyun alanlarının artırılması, pozitif ve sosyal okul ikliminin sağlanması öğrencilerin pandemiden sonraki iyi oluş halini olumlu yönde etkileyecektir.