In West Africa, especially in the Sahelian countries of Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali and Mauritania,... more In West Africa, especially in the Sahelian countries of Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali and Mauritania, erratic rainfall sequences within and between years has often led to a high uncertainty in rainfed crop production. Over the past three decades, severe food shortages attributed to drought have been frequently reported in several Sahelian countries, most of which are amongst the least developed of the world. Innovative and indigenous ways to achieve improved crop yields through integrated land and water management such as rainwater harvesting and soil water conservation have been successfully tested and, in some cases, adopted in West Africa. This paper highlights the successful interventions of improved indigenous rainwater harvesting/soil water conservation technologies such as Za? or tassa, stone rows and half-moon in the Sahelian zones of West Africa over the past 10 years, and their contributions to enhancing food security and alleviating poverty. The potential for adoption of thes...
page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purp... more page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
An investigation was conducted on a ten year old fallowed plots consisting of two planted tree le... more An investigation was conducted on a ten year old fallowed plots consisting of two planted tree legumes (Glyricidia spp (GF) and Leuecaena spp (LF)) and grassland (GLF) on an Alfisol. The aim of the investigation was to assess the variability of soil properties under earthworm casts under each of these fallows, isolate soil factors that may contribute to the length and weights of two earthworm types (Hyperiodrilus africanus (Beddard) and Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg)). The degree of variability was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV), while the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find the differences between soil properties under each of these fallowed plots. The stepwise multiple regression analysis (SMRA) was used to isolate soil properties that may contribute to the occurrence of earthworms types, lengths and weights. Results showed that the CV's of the soil properties varied widely and the most variable were: available P (GF/LF), MN, Fe, Cu and moisture conte...
Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional soil constraint affecting rice production in the w... more Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional soil constraint affecting rice production in the wetland soils of West Africa. Critical levels of total iron in plant causing toxicity is difficult to determine as different rice cultivars respond to excessive Fe in various ways in what is called “bronzing” or “yellowing” symptoms (VBS). An investigation was conducted to evaluate the relationship
Seeds of jute (Chorchorus olitorius L.) undergo a period of dormancy, which hitherto has been bro... more Seeds of jute (Chorchorus olitorius L.) undergo a period of dormancy, which hitherto has been broken with the conventional method of steeping in boiling water. Another seed treatment procedure, which involves soaking seeds in earthworm cast leachate, was ...
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2008
Rice grows in all agro‐ecological zones in Nigeria and it is largely grown by small‐scale farmers... more Rice grows in all agro‐ecological zones in Nigeria and it is largely grown by small‐scale farmers. An investigation was conducted to assess the representative pedons used for rice cultivation in the southwestern part of Nigeria. The aims were to assess how suitable these lands are for rice cultivation and what constraints to continuous and sustained rice production occurs on these
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2000
Page 1. COMMUN. SOIL SCI. PLANTANAL., 31(7&8), 923-941 (2000) Forms and Pedogenic Distrib... more Page 1. COMMUN. SOIL SCI. PLANTANAL., 31(7&8), 923-941 (2000) Forms and Pedogenic Distribution of Extractable Iron in Selected Wetland Soils in Nigeria AO Olaleye,a,1 AO Ogunkunle,a and KL Sahrawatb a Department ...
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2010
Rice grows in all agroecological zones (AEZs) of Nigeria as the weather (rainfall, solar radiatio... more Rice grows in all agroecological zones (AEZs) of Nigeria as the weather (rainfall, solar radiation, relative humidity) is optimum. Investigation was conducted in four AEZs to evaluate the effect of environment (soil) on the grain yields (GYs) of four new rice cultivars for Africa (NERICA) compared with farmers cultivars (i.e., Ofada and ITA 150). The experimental design was a randomized
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2011
Southwestern Nigeria is replete with soils that have high gravel contents within the subsoils. Mo... more Southwestern Nigeria is replete with soils that have high gravel contents within the subsoils. Most of these soils are being opened up for cultivation as other land uses (roads and housing) are competing for agricultural lands. It is imperative that these soils be properly studied and managed to prevent serious land degradation, which may over the long term militate against
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2006
Background This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic correlat... more Background This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic correlates of depressive disorder among university students in Western Nigeria. Methods A representative sample of students living in the halls of residence of a federal university (n = 1,206) completed sets of questionnaires on socio-demographic details, problems encountered in the university, alcohol use and smoking. Depressive disorder was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Results A total of 101 (8.3%) students met the criteria for depressive disorder with 68 (5.6%) having minor depressive disorder and 33 (2.7%) having major depressive disorder. The factors that were significantly associated with depressive disorders in the students include problems with accommodation (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.79–4.16), very large family size (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.42–5.73), female gender (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.46–3.35), heavy cigarette smoking (OR 3.67, 95% CI 2.23–6.05) and high level of alcohol consumption (OR 9.44, 95% CI 3.32–26.89). Conclusions Depression is common among Nigerian university students and significantly associated with sociodemographic factors. An effective model for the prediction of the development of depression in university students need to be developed and evaluated and interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of depression among this population need further research.
In West Africa, especially in the Sahelian countries of Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali and Mauritania,... more In West Africa, especially in the Sahelian countries of Burkina Faso, Niger, Mali and Mauritania, erratic rainfall sequences within and between years has often led to a high uncertainty in rainfed crop production. Over the past three decades, severe food shortages attributed to drought have been frequently reported in several Sahelian countries, most of which are amongst the least developed of the world. Innovative and indigenous ways to achieve improved crop yields through integrated land and water management such as rainwater harvesting and soil water conservation have been successfully tested and, in some cases, adopted in West Africa. This paper highlights the successful interventions of improved indigenous rainwater harvesting/soil water conservation technologies such as Za? or tassa, stone rows and half-moon in the Sahelian zones of West Africa over the past 10 years, and their contributions to enhancing food security and alleviating poverty. The potential for adoption of thes...
page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purp... more page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
An investigation was conducted on a ten year old fallowed plots consisting of two planted tree le... more An investigation was conducted on a ten year old fallowed plots consisting of two planted tree legumes (Glyricidia spp (GF) and Leuecaena spp (LF)) and grassland (GLF) on an Alfisol. The aim of the investigation was to assess the variability of soil properties under earthworm casts under each of these fallows, isolate soil factors that may contribute to the length and weights of two earthworm types (Hyperiodrilus africanus (Beddard) and Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg)). The degree of variability was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV), while the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find the differences between soil properties under each of these fallowed plots. The stepwise multiple regression analysis (SMRA) was used to isolate soil properties that may contribute to the occurrence of earthworms types, lengths and weights. Results showed that the CV's of the soil properties varied widely and the most variable were: available P (GF/LF), MN, Fe, Cu and moisture conte...
Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional soil constraint affecting rice production in the w... more Iron (Fe) toxicity is a widespread nutritional soil constraint affecting rice production in the wetland soils of West Africa. Critical levels of total iron in plant causing toxicity is difficult to determine as different rice cultivars respond to excessive Fe in various ways in what is called “bronzing” or “yellowing” symptoms (VBS). An investigation was conducted to evaluate the relationship
Seeds of jute (Chorchorus olitorius L.) undergo a period of dormancy, which hitherto has been bro... more Seeds of jute (Chorchorus olitorius L.) undergo a period of dormancy, which hitherto has been broken with the conventional method of steeping in boiling water. Another seed treatment procedure, which involves soaking seeds in earthworm cast leachate, was ...
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2008
Rice grows in all agro‐ecological zones in Nigeria and it is largely grown by small‐scale farmers... more Rice grows in all agro‐ecological zones in Nigeria and it is largely grown by small‐scale farmers. An investigation was conducted to assess the representative pedons used for rice cultivation in the southwestern part of Nigeria. The aims were to assess how suitable these lands are for rice cultivation and what constraints to continuous and sustained rice production occurs on these
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2000
Page 1. COMMUN. SOIL SCI. PLANTANAL., 31(7&8), 923-941 (2000) Forms and Pedogenic Distrib... more Page 1. COMMUN. SOIL SCI. PLANTANAL., 31(7&8), 923-941 (2000) Forms and Pedogenic Distribution of Extractable Iron in Selected Wetland Soils in Nigeria AO Olaleye,a,1 AO Ogunkunle,a and KL Sahrawatb a Department ...
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2010
Rice grows in all agroecological zones (AEZs) of Nigeria as the weather (rainfall, solar radiatio... more Rice grows in all agroecological zones (AEZs) of Nigeria as the weather (rainfall, solar radiation, relative humidity) is optimum. Investigation was conducted in four AEZs to evaluate the effect of environment (soil) on the grain yields (GYs) of four new rice cultivars for Africa (NERICA) compared with farmers cultivars (i.e., Ofada and ITA 150). The experimental design was a randomized
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2011
Southwestern Nigeria is replete with soils that have high gravel contents within the subsoils. Mo... more Southwestern Nigeria is replete with soils that have high gravel contents within the subsoils. Most of these soils are being opened up for cultivation as other land uses (roads and housing) are competing for agricultural lands. It is imperative that these soils be properly studied and managed to prevent serious land degradation, which may over the long term militate against
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2006
Background This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic correlat... more Background This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and examine the socio-demographic correlates of depressive disorder among university students in Western Nigeria. Methods A representative sample of students living in the halls of residence of a federal university (n = 1,206) completed sets of questionnaires on socio-demographic details, problems encountered in the university, alcohol use and smoking. Depressive disorder was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Results A total of 101 (8.3%) students met the criteria for depressive disorder with 68 (5.6%) having minor depressive disorder and 33 (2.7%) having major depressive disorder. The factors that were significantly associated with depressive disorders in the students include problems with accommodation (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.79–4.16), very large family size (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.42–5.73), female gender (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.46–3.35), heavy cigarette smoking (OR 3.67, 95% CI 2.23–6.05) and high level of alcohol consumption (OR 9.44, 95% CI 3.32–26.89). Conclusions Depression is common among Nigerian university students and significantly associated with sociodemographic factors. An effective model for the prediction of the development of depression in university students need to be developed and evaluated and interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of depression among this population need further research.
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