Aims and Objectives: To assess the practice and trends of blood transfusion services at our insti... more Aims and Objectives: To assess the practice and trends of blood transfusion services at our institute in elective orthopaedic surgeries, and to work out Surgical Blood Order Schedule at our institute by means of Cross Match Transfusion Ratio (C/T ratio), Transfusion Index (TI), Transfusion Probability (%T) and Mead's criteria and to develop suggestions to improve the efficiency of blood utilisation and reduce the unnecessary cross matching as well as wastage of blood bank resources. Materials and Methods: Patients (male and female) of the age group of 20- 80 years under elective orthopaedic surgery were enrolled in the study. Patients, who received blood transfusion during intraoperative period and within 24 hours postoperatively, during one year duration, were included in the study and frequency of utilization of blood in different elective orthopaedic surgeries was noted. Results and Conclusion: A total of 159 patients with an age group of 20-80 years were evaluated in one yea...
Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems.... more Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems. However, their conservation represents one of the greatest challenges of our time, particularly where attacks on humans occur. Where human recreational and/or livelihood activities overlap with large carnivore ranges, conflicts can become particularly serious. Two different scenarios are responsible for such overlap: In some regions of the world, increasing human populations lead to extended encroachment into large carnivore ranges, which are subject to increasing contraction, fragmentation, and degradation. In other regions, human and large carnivore populations are expanding, thus exacerbating conflicts, especially in those areas where these species were extirpated and are now returning. We thus face the problem of learning how to live with species that can pose serious threats to humans. We collected a total of 5,440 large carnivore (Felidae, Canidae, and Ursidae; 12 species) attacks...
Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems.... more Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems. However, their conservation represents one of the greatest challenges of our time, particularly where attacks on humans occur. Where human recreational and/or livelihood activities overlap with large carnivore ranges, conflicts can become particularly serious. Two different scenarios are responsible for such overlap: In some regions of the world, increasing human populations lead to extended encroachment into large carnivore ranges, which are subject to increasing contraction, fragmentation, and degradation. In other regions, human and large carnivore populations are expanding, thus exacerbating conflicts, especially in those areas where these species were extirpated and are now returning. We thus face the problem of learning how to live with species that can pose serious threats to humans. We collected a total of 5,440 large carnivore (Felidae, Canidae, and Ursidae; 12 species) attacks worldwide between 1950 and 2019. The number of reported attacks increased over time, especially in lower-income countries. Most attacks (68%) resulted in human injuries, whereas 32% were fatal. Although attack scenarios varied greatly within and among species, as well as in different areas of the world, factors triggering large carnivore attacks on humans largely depend on the socioeconomic context, with people being at risk mainly during recreational activities in high-income countries and during livelihood activities in low-income countries. The specific combination of local socioeconomic and ecological factors is thus a risky mix triggering large carnivore attacks on humans, whose circumstances and frequencies cannot only be ascribed to the animal species. This also implies that effective measures to reduce large carnivore attacks must also consider the diverse local ecological and social contexts.
We present the first-ever annotated checklist on snakes of the proposed Jawai Community Conservat... more We present the first-ever annotated checklist on snakes of the proposed Jawai Community Conservation Reserve of southwestern Rajasthan, India. We opportunistically encountered 26 species of snakes from the study area during the years 2015 to 2017. We have also collated a distribution synopsis for all the observed species with respect to the state of Rajasthan.
Abstract The jumping spider species Plexippus minor Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010, known from... more Abstract The jumping spider species Plexippus minor Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010, known from the United Arab Emirates is here reported from India, from the Desert National Park Wildlife Sanctuary in the state of Rajasthan. Detailed redescriptions with high quality illustrations of both Indian and type specimens of P. minor, including 3D models of the type, are presented, and the distribution is updated. This work increases the number of Plexippus species in India to seven.
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, Aug 14, 2021
The jumping spider Irura mandarina Simon 1903 is reported for the first time from India (Maharash... more The jumping spider Irura mandarina Simon 1903 is reported for the first time from India (Maharashtra). The south and southeast Asian distribution of the 16 described species assigned to the genus Irura Peckham & Peckham 1901, is also reviewed.
The Short-tailed ground agama or Hardwicke’s bloodsucker Calotes minor (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827) i... more The Short-tailed ground agama or Hardwicke’s bloodsucker Calotes minor (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827) is known to occur in the Indian subcontinent and is largely confined to arid to semiarid environments, such as hard barren desert and abandoned fields. The precise distribution of this species is largely unknown to date, with few locality records spread biogeographically across Eastern Pakistan, Central and Western India. To improve on the existing spatial knowledge on this species and assess the ability to predict species distributions for taxa with few locality records, we studied the distribution of C. minor using a species distribution modelling framework. Our study allowed us to predict the distribution range of C. minor and help define a niche for this habitat-specific species. Highly probable habitats for C. minor were arid and semi-arid dryland habitats, characterised by plains or less rugged terrain with moderately narrow temperature range, lower aridity index, moderate to low ve...
Abstract A new species of jumping spider, Pseudomogrus sudhii sp. n. (♂♀) from the Thar Desert, R... more Abstract A new species of jumping spider, Pseudomogrus sudhii sp. n. (♂♀) from the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India is diagnosed and illustrated; the type locality is mapped. The genus Pseudomogrus Simon, 1937 is reported from India for the first time.
The media and scientific literature are increasingly reporting an escalation of large carnivore a... more The media and scientific literature are increasingly reporting an escalation of large carnivore attacks on humans, mainly in the so-called developed countries, such as Europe and North America. Although large carnivore populations have generally increased in developed countries, increased numbers are not solely responsible for the observed rise in the number of attacks. Of the eight bear species inhabiting the world, two (i.e. the Andean bear and the giant panda) have never been reported to attack humans, whereas the other six species have: sun bears Helarctos malayanus, sloth bears Melursus ursinus, Asiatic black bears Ursus thibetanus, American black bears Ursus americanus, brown bears Ursus arctos, and polar bears Ursus maritimus. This chapter provides insights into the causes, and as a result the prevention, of bear attacks on people. Prevention and information that can encourage appropriate human behavior when sharing the landscape with bears are of paramount importance to reduce both potentially fatal human–bear encounters and their consequences to bear conservation.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the practice and trends of blood transfusion services at our insti... more Aims and Objectives: To assess the practice and trends of blood transfusion services at our institute in elective orthopaedic surgeries, and to work out Surgical Blood Order Schedule at our institute by means of Cross Match Transfusion Ratio (C/T ratio), Transfusion Index (TI), Transfusion Probability (%T) and Mead's criteria and to develop suggestions to improve the efficiency of blood utilisation and reduce the unnecessary cross matching as well as wastage of blood bank resources. Materials and Methods: Patients (male and female) of the age group of 20- 80 years under elective orthopaedic surgery were enrolled in the study. Patients, who received blood transfusion during intraoperative period and within 24 hours postoperatively, during one year duration, were included in the study and frequency of utilization of blood in different elective orthopaedic surgeries was noted. Results and Conclusion: A total of 159 patients with an age group of 20-80 years were evaluated in one yea...
Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems.... more Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems. However, their conservation represents one of the greatest challenges of our time, particularly where attacks on humans occur. Where human recreational and/or livelihood activities overlap with large carnivore ranges, conflicts can become particularly serious. Two different scenarios are responsible for such overlap: In some regions of the world, increasing human populations lead to extended encroachment into large carnivore ranges, which are subject to increasing contraction, fragmentation, and degradation. In other regions, human and large carnivore populations are expanding, thus exacerbating conflicts, especially in those areas where these species were extirpated and are now returning. We thus face the problem of learning how to live with species that can pose serious threats to humans. We collected a total of 5,440 large carnivore (Felidae, Canidae, and Ursidae; 12 species) attacks...
Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems.... more Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and have profound influences on ecosystems. However, their conservation represents one of the greatest challenges of our time, particularly where attacks on humans occur. Where human recreational and/or livelihood activities overlap with large carnivore ranges, conflicts can become particularly serious. Two different scenarios are responsible for such overlap: In some regions of the world, increasing human populations lead to extended encroachment into large carnivore ranges, which are subject to increasing contraction, fragmentation, and degradation. In other regions, human and large carnivore populations are expanding, thus exacerbating conflicts, especially in those areas where these species were extirpated and are now returning. We thus face the problem of learning how to live with species that can pose serious threats to humans. We collected a total of 5,440 large carnivore (Felidae, Canidae, and Ursidae; 12 species) attacks worldwide between 1950 and 2019. The number of reported attacks increased over time, especially in lower-income countries. Most attacks (68%) resulted in human injuries, whereas 32% were fatal. Although attack scenarios varied greatly within and among species, as well as in different areas of the world, factors triggering large carnivore attacks on humans largely depend on the socioeconomic context, with people being at risk mainly during recreational activities in high-income countries and during livelihood activities in low-income countries. The specific combination of local socioeconomic and ecological factors is thus a risky mix triggering large carnivore attacks on humans, whose circumstances and frequencies cannot only be ascribed to the animal species. This also implies that effective measures to reduce large carnivore attacks must also consider the diverse local ecological and social contexts.
We present the first-ever annotated checklist on snakes of the proposed Jawai Community Conservat... more We present the first-ever annotated checklist on snakes of the proposed Jawai Community Conservation Reserve of southwestern Rajasthan, India. We opportunistically encountered 26 species of snakes from the study area during the years 2015 to 2017. We have also collated a distribution synopsis for all the observed species with respect to the state of Rajasthan.
Abstract The jumping spider species Plexippus minor Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010, known from... more Abstract The jumping spider species Plexippus minor Wesołowska & van Harten, 2010, known from the United Arab Emirates is here reported from India, from the Desert National Park Wildlife Sanctuary in the state of Rajasthan. Detailed redescriptions with high quality illustrations of both Indian and type specimens of P. minor, including 3D models of the type, are presented, and the distribution is updated. This work increases the number of Plexippus species in India to seven.
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, Aug 14, 2021
The jumping spider Irura mandarina Simon 1903 is reported for the first time from India (Maharash... more The jumping spider Irura mandarina Simon 1903 is reported for the first time from India (Maharashtra). The south and southeast Asian distribution of the 16 described species assigned to the genus Irura Peckham & Peckham 1901, is also reviewed.
The Short-tailed ground agama or Hardwicke’s bloodsucker Calotes minor (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827) i... more The Short-tailed ground agama or Hardwicke’s bloodsucker Calotes minor (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827) is known to occur in the Indian subcontinent and is largely confined to arid to semiarid environments, such as hard barren desert and abandoned fields. The precise distribution of this species is largely unknown to date, with few locality records spread biogeographically across Eastern Pakistan, Central and Western India. To improve on the existing spatial knowledge on this species and assess the ability to predict species distributions for taxa with few locality records, we studied the distribution of C. minor using a species distribution modelling framework. Our study allowed us to predict the distribution range of C. minor and help define a niche for this habitat-specific species. Highly probable habitats for C. minor were arid and semi-arid dryland habitats, characterised by plains or less rugged terrain with moderately narrow temperature range, lower aridity index, moderate to low ve...
Abstract A new species of jumping spider, Pseudomogrus sudhii sp. n. (♂♀) from the Thar Desert, R... more Abstract A new species of jumping spider, Pseudomogrus sudhii sp. n. (♂♀) from the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, India is diagnosed and illustrated; the type locality is mapped. The genus Pseudomogrus Simon, 1937 is reported from India for the first time.
The media and scientific literature are increasingly reporting an escalation of large carnivore a... more The media and scientific literature are increasingly reporting an escalation of large carnivore attacks on humans, mainly in the so-called developed countries, such as Europe and North America. Although large carnivore populations have generally increased in developed countries, increased numbers are not solely responsible for the observed rise in the number of attacks. Of the eight bear species inhabiting the world, two (i.e. the Andean bear and the giant panda) have never been reported to attack humans, whereas the other six species have: sun bears Helarctos malayanus, sloth bears Melursus ursinus, Asiatic black bears Ursus thibetanus, American black bears Ursus americanus, brown bears Ursus arctos, and polar bears Ursus maritimus. This chapter provides insights into the causes, and as a result the prevention, of bear attacks on people. Prevention and information that can encourage appropriate human behavior when sharing the landscape with bears are of paramount importance to reduce both potentially fatal human–bear encounters and their consequences to bear conservation.
The beauty and grace of butterflies have long captivated people around the world, but their diver... more The beauty and grace of butterflies have long captivated people around the world, but their diversity and complexity have drawn the special attention of amateur and professional scientists. The authors of this book had studied regional butterfly fauna for more than five years. They tried to summaries all information accumulated and to propose a book on butterflies of Central- Aravalli ranges specifically region Ajmer (Rajasthan-India). They used the monographs and a great number of scientific articles with prime descriptions along with results of ecological investigations. Possible colorful illustrations of butterflies in nature increase the quality of this book to enhance the knowledge of future researcher of the same area. This book aims to provide a reliable way of identifying the adult stage of almost all butterflies in the district Ajmer of Rajasthan state. The present book "Butterflies of Central Aravalli Ranges" includes 77 butterfly species registered in this area. The species description, which form the main body of this book provide a brief synopsis of each species. The butterflies are presented in a systematic sequence including their classification, distribution, occurrence, life span, host plant and possible identifications in the field. It also includes information about authors as well as editors, foreword, acknowledgements, alphabetical index for butterfly (Common Name > Scientific Name and Scientific Name > Common Name) and Butterflies and their Host Plants list. We hope that this book will be interesting both for specialists and many amateurs - entomologists, collectors, students of biological specialists, tourists and naturalists in general having a casual interest in entomology. Probably the present book might be used in further investigations on the biodiversity and will serve for integrated conservation of unique ecosystems, as butterflies are the significant component almost of all biocenosis. We trust it will also stimulate further interest in the natural history and conservation of these butterflies specifically in the conservation of their habitats and find a place on the bookshelves of anyone who might simply wish to identify a butterfly in the garden.
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This book aims to provide a reliable way of identifying the adult stage of almost all butterflies in the district Ajmer of Rajasthan state. The present book "Butterflies of Central Aravalli Ranges" includes 77 butterfly species registered in this area. The species description, which form the main body of this book provide a brief synopsis of each species. The butterflies are presented in a systematic sequence including their classification, distribution, occurrence, life span, host plant and possible identifications in the field. It also includes information about authors as well as editors, foreword, acknowledgements, alphabetical index for butterfly (Common Name > Scientific Name and Scientific Name > Common Name) and Butterflies and their Host Plants list. We hope that this book will be interesting both for specialists and many amateurs - entomologists, collectors, students of biological specialists, tourists and naturalists in general having a casual interest in entomology. Probably the present book might be used in further investigations on the biodiversity and will serve for integrated conservation of unique ecosystems, as butterflies are the significant component almost of all biocenosis. We trust it will also stimulate further interest in the natural history and conservation of these butterflies specifically in the conservation of their habitats and find a place on the bookshelves of anyone who might simply wish to identify a butterfly in the garden.