Formulation and Evaluation of Toothache Relieving Chewingum

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 Formulation and Evaluation of Toothache Relieving Chewingum Payal C. Pardeshi1, Dr. Siddhi Upadhyay2, Dr. U.M. Upadhyay2* Student1, H.O.D & Associate Professor2, Principal3 Department of Pharmacy Sigma Institute of Pharmacy Corresponding Author’s E-mail id: - pardeshipayal99@gmail.com1 Abstract Chewing gum is one of the most common confectionary products consumed worldwide, especially by the teenagers. Although the roots of chewing gum belongs to the western culture, but it’s branches are well embedded into the Indian subcontinent also. There has been an exponential growth in the chewing gum market in India in last ten years. A very simple question, although majority of people would not have had ever thought of it before unfolding the wrapper, “how good or bad is this chewing gum for oral health?” had incited an innumerable studies in this field. Through this article, the author aims to provide the gist of significant studies being carried out till date regarding chewing gums. The objective of this article is to correlate the various facts and fiction sailing in the sea of chewing gum market with scientifically proven results, and help our fellow dentists to guide their patients in deciding “what to chew and what not to chew?” Keywords: - Chewing Gum, Sugar containing chewing gum, Functional chewing gum INTRODUCTION It is a drug delivery system that contains CHEWIN GUM DOSAGE FORM one or more active ingredients which are Medicated chewing gums (MCGs) are released by chewing. solid single-dose Advantages preparations with a base consisting mainly Chewingum of tasteless masticatory gums that are 1. Convenient intended to be chewed but not swallowed. compliance. or 25 semi-solid, of Medicated – promoting Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Herbal higher Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 2. Increased rate of effectiveness rather than other oral delivery systems. 4. Allergic reaction to artificial sweeteners, flavorings, and colorants. 3. The treatment can, if required, be terminated at any time. 5. Continuous stress on jaws that may cause 4. Reduced risk of overdosing while it’s whole swallowed. temporomandibular joint disorder. 6. Stomach irritations, aches, gastric ulcer 5. Does not requires water to swallow. Hence can be taken anywhere. through continuous swallowing of saliva. 6. Protection of the susceptible drugs 7. Prolong chewing on gum may also contained from chemical or enzymatic result in pain in facial muscles and attack in gastrointestinal (GI) tract. earache in children. 7. Gum does not reach the stomach. Hence gastrointestinal (GI) tract 8. Teeth decay through being coated by sugar. suffers less from the effects of 9. Masseter problems. excipients. 10. Presence of sorbitol in medicated 8. Can be used for both systemic and local drug delivery. chewing gum formulation may cause diarrhea and flatulence. 9. Highly acceptable by children and teenagers. 11. Getting choked by swallowing gum in under-aged children 10. Low first-pass effect so reduced dose is formulated compared to in chewing other oral gum delivery systems. Herbal Medicine These days we are witnessing medicine going back to nature – a shift in global 11. Good for rapid delivery. trend from synthetic to natural medicine. Medicinal herbs have been known for Disadvantages of Medicated Herbal centuries and are highly valued all over the Chewingum world as a rich source of therapeutic 1. Disappearing of drug in the oral cavity agents for prevention of diseases and following salivary dilution. 2. Short time of administration due to eating, speaking, and drinking. 3. Different release profiles because of chewing style differences. 26 ailments. India is perhaps the largest producer of medicinal herbs and is rightfully called the “Botanical Garden of the World”. India also has a very unique position in the world, where a number Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 of on their own and will need to be recognized indigenous systems of medicine viz. Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Homeopathy, Yoga and Naturopathy are practiced even today for treated by a dentist. • health Tooth decay is the primary cause of toothaches for most children and maintenance. adults. Bacteria that live in your mouth thrive on the sugars and starches in the Traditional medicines are used by about 80 food you eat. These bacteria form a per cent of the world's population. These sticky plaque that clings to the surface are not only used for primary health care of your teeth. not just in rural areas in developing countries, but countries as plaque can eat through the hard, white modern coating on the outside of your teeth used. (enamel), creating a cavity. The first While the traditional medicines are derived sign of decay may be a sensation of from medicinal plants, minerals, and pain when you eat something sweet, organic matter, the herbal drugs are very cold or very hot. Sometimes prepared from medicinal plants only. Use decay will show as a brown or white of plants as a source of medicine has been spot on the tooth. well in Acids produced by the bacteria in developed medicines also • where are predominantly inherited and is an important component of • Some toothaches that come from pain the health care system in India. The use of around (but not inside) your tooth can herbal medicines is steadily growing with get better without a trip to the dentist. approximately 60 per cent of population Pain reporting use of herb to treat medical (redness) in the gum can be resolved illnesses within the past year. within a few days. During this time try from a temporary irritation not to chew around the affected area. Toothache Eat soft foods, like eggs and yogurt, • A toothache is a pain in or around a and avoid sweets and very hot or very tooth. Minor toothaches can come cold foods if teeth are sensitive. from a temporary gum irritation that you can treat at home. More serious CAROM OIL toothaches are caused by dental and Ajwain is an annual herbaceous and mouth problems that won’t get better aromatic plant belonging to the family Apicacae.It is anerect, minutely pubescent, 27 Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 branched annual herb. Ajwain has an erect properties. Syzygium is the largest genus and striate stem involving glabrous or of Mirtaceae family, comprising of about minutely pubescent properties which may 1200 to 1800 species of flowering plants, grow up to 90 cm tall . Ajwain is widely which are widely distributed in tropical distributed and cultivated in various and subtropical areas of Asia, Africa, regions Pakistan, Madagascar, and throughout Pacific and Afghanistan, and India as well as Europe Oceanic regions. The clove tree is while it is indigenous to Egypt. The herb is frequently cultivated in coastal areas at generally grown in October–November maximum altitudes of 200 m above the sea and should be harvested in May–June . level. The production of flower buds, Usually grayish brown seeds or fruits of which is the commercialized part of this Ajwain are considered for medical and tree, starts after 4 years of plantation. nutritional purposes. Flower such as Iran, buds are collected in the maturation phase before flowering. The Carom oil to treat and prevent the collection could be done manually or diseases use of seed spices have a long chemically-mediated. history. It is confirmed by many studies qaranful (Arabic), Karamfil (Bulgarian), that seed spices can be useful medicines, Ding but how to provide scientific evidence and (Danish), plausible mechanisms for their therapeutic (Georgian), responses is still a major challenge. (Hungarian), Cengkeh (Indonesian), Choji Therapeutic potential of seed spices to (Japanese), treat multiple symptoms of the metabolic Krustnaglinas syndrome such as diabetes, obesity, insulin (Nepalese), Carvo de India (Portuguese), resistance, hypertension and altered lipid Mikhak (Persian), Kala (Pashto), Gvosdika profile given focus in this review. (Russian), xiang It is known as (Chinese), Garifalo Nelke Kruidnagel (Greek), (German), Jeonghyang (Latvian), Clavo (Spanish), Mikhaki Szegfu (Korean), Lwaang Carenfil (Turkish), Garn ploo (Thai), Dhing huong CLOVE OIL (Vietnamese), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) a precious (Urdu/Punjabi/Hindi) and Laung spice, is a member of Mirtaceae family which has been employed for centuries as THYME food preservative and medicine because of Medicinal plants are used in many its countries as an alternative to synthetic antimicrobial 28 and antioxidant Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 drugs. Thyme is one of the most popular soluble in ethanol (70%). The solution medicinal herbs that has long been used to may show an opalescence.The oil is found treat a variety of diseases. This herb has on the undersides of the leaves, is aromatic and medicinal properties in the extracted by steam distillation and is food, pharmaceutical, health and beauty generally followed by rectification and industries. Thyme is useful for the fractionation before use. treatment of headaches, colds, earaches, measles, cough, nerve strengthening, In England, till 18century the and cultivation of treatment of depression, fatigue and hybridization insomnia, and its use reduces blood peppermint was not done. It was only pressure and lipids . cultivated during 1500 BC being considered as a hybrid of water mint and Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is a popular spearmint and thereafter it was used in herb the cooking. Before 2000 BC mint has been Mediterranean regions. It is a plant that used for medicinal purposes, but until has recently been receiving a great deal of 1771 interest largely due to its medicinal Rosmarinic properties. Thyme is used in poultry primarily eriocitrin, luteolin and hesperidin nutrition in the form of herbal feed are the phenolic constituents of peppermint additive as it is known that its contents, leaves. Menthol, menthone and cineol are such as thymol and carvacrol, have a the main volatile components present. positive impact on broiler performance and Mint does not produce seeds being a feed utilization, which in turn results in perennial plant. grown predominantly in menthol was acid, not several isolated. flavonoids, enhanced economic profits. GARLIC PEPPERMINT OIL Garlic (Allium sativum) is a perennial herb Peppermint oil is obtained from the leaves that belongs to the Liliaceae family, which of the perennial herb, Mentha piperita L. shares relationship with onion (Allium and M. arvensis var. piperascens a member cepa).The fully-grown garlic plant reaches of the labiatae family. It is a colourless, a pale yellow or pale greenish-yellow liquid underground having characteristic odour and taste about 8-20 segments that are known as followed by a sensation of cold, freely cloves, which constitute the edible part. 29 height of 50-60 bulbous cm root Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved and bears containing Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 Garlic is abundantly available and is medicines considered to be a common ingredient in particularly as an anti-inflammatory. the human diet all over the world. to treat many diseases It is can be eaten fresh, in salads and in the Turmeric is one of the most popularly preparation of meals for its pungency and investigated functional foods [7]. Turmeric flavoring value. Garlic has always been (Curcuma longa mentioned in the literature of all ancient domestica Valeton) world Zingiberaceae family and is extensively cultures and kingdoms as havingbeneficial effects on health and was L.; syn.: belongs Curcuma to the cultured in the tropical areas of Asia [8]. included in their medicinal remedies. Nowadays, for health-protective effects or Alternative names frequently used for for and turmeric are turmeric root and yellow root. symptoms, several preparations of garlic It generally attains a height of 3–5 feet and are available in the market for the public, has oblong leaves with yellowish funnel- particularly in health food stores. shaped flflowers. C. longa can be grown in relief of some conditions diverse environmental situations at a Garlic dominated the field of health in temperature of 20–35°C with yearly rain ancient Greece which was very evident of 1500 mm. It grows in well-drained from as sandy or clay loam soils, having a pH of composition of spells found in the Greek 4.5–7.5 with good organic status, where it magical papyri from the second century, as flflourishes outstandingly. various instances such well as remedies for problems of eyelids in plays by the Greek writer Aristophanes. LITERATURE REVIEW CAROM OIL TURMERIC Turmeric or Curcuma longa, is a perennial herb and member of the Zingiberaceae (ginger) family, extensively in and Asian is cultivated countries.The rhizome, the portion of the plant used medicinally as a yellow powder which is used. as a flavor in many cuisines and as a Figure:-1 CAROM OIL (AJWAIN) 30 Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 Botanical name : Trachyspermumammi in herbal blends is effective or safe. L. Sprague Ajwain was vastly applied by medieval Family : Apiaceae practitioners and it also exhibited different Other Names : Ajave Seeds, Ajwain, pharmacological effects regarding various Ajvain, Ajwan, Bishop’s chemical ingredients. Weed, Carom, Ethiopian Cumin, Omam, Omum CLOVE OIL Vernacular name: • Iran: Ajowan; French: Ajowan; • German: Ajowan • Italian: Ajowan; Spanish: Ajowan; • Indian: ajvini, ajwain, javane Species : T. ammi Kingdom : Plantae Genus : Trachyspermum Habitat : It is cultivated in dry or Figure:-2 CLOVE OIL Botanical Name : Syzygiumaromaticum semi dry areas mainly. It the native of Country Origin : India Egypt. It now grows in countries like Iran Kingdom : Plantae. (eastern regions of Baluchistan), Pakistan, Domain : Eukaryota Iraq, Afghanistan and India. Family : Myrtaceae Parts used Habitat: It is believed that the clove-tree : seeds Description : - Ajwain is originally native to the Maluku Islands (Trachyspermumammi L. Sprague) is an or annual aromatic and herbaceous plant of archipelago and from there it has spread to the family Apiaceae. It is an erect annual other parts of the globe with suitable herb with a striate stem and originated in climate. the eastern regions of Persia and India. cultivated in many tropical countries. Uses: - Ajwain is used in traditional Part used: dried flowerbuds the Moluccas, Today, it an is Indonesian commercially medicine practices, such as Ayurveda, in herbal blends in the belief it can treat Description: - It is a slender evergreen various disorders. There is no evidence or that grows up to 12 meters in height regulatory approval that oral use of ajwain (approximately 36 feet). It change color 31 Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 over time and is beaten from the trees and Botanical name :Thymus vulgaris dried. Kingdom : Plantae Domain : Eukaryota Uses: - Clove oil can be used for acne, Division : Magnoliophyta bruises, burns and cuts, keeping infection Family : Lamiaceae at bay and as a pain reliever. It helps with Genus : Thymus toothache, mouth sores, rheumatism and Habitat: - Thyme is native to the arthritis.It is beneficial to the digestive Mediterranean and Balkan countries and in system, vomiting, the Caucasus. Today it is cultivated in diarrhea, flatulence, spasms and parasites, many subtropical regions. It is not winter as well as bad breath. hardy north of the Alps. Clove effective oil respiratory is against valuable problems, for like relieving bronchitis, Parts used : - Leaves Description : - Thyme is the leaf of a asthma and tuberculosis. The disinfecting low-growing shrub in the mint family property is useful in cases of infectious called Thymus vulgaris. Its tiny grayish- diseases.Placing a few drops of clove oil green leaves rarely are greater than one- on a cotton ball and then placing the cotton fourth inch long. For use as a condiment, ball in a linen cupboard will not only Thyme leaves are dried then chopped, or fragrance the cupboard, but will help to ground. ... Thyme has a subtle, dry aroma keep fish moths at bay. and a slightly minty flavor.... THYME Uses:- Thyme is taken by mouth for bronchitis, whooping cough, sore throat, colic, arthritis, upset stomach, stomach pain (gastritis), diarrhea, bedwetting, a movement disorder in children (dyspraxia), intestinal gas (flatulence), parasitic disorders. worm infections, Thyme has and skin been used historically for cosmetic, culinary and medicinal purposes. Ancient Sumerian and Figure:-3 THYME 32 Egyptian cultures employed thyme for Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 medicinal purposes and to embalm the Parts used: - leaves , stem dead. to Description: - Peppermint is an aromatic deterdangerous animals, and used thyme to herb in the mint family. It’s a hybrid mint flavor cheese and alcoholic beverages. that’s a cross between spearmint and Roman soldiers bathed in thyme, as this watermint. It can be found naturally in was believed to provide vigor. North America and Europe. Peppermint Romans burnt thyme (Menthapiperita ) is an aromatic perennial plant that grows to a height of about 3 ft (1 PEPPERMINT OIL m). It has light purple flowers and green leaves with serrated edges. Peppermint belongs to the Lamiaceae family and grows throughout North America, Asia, and Europe. There are more than 25 species of true mint grown throughout the Fig.4. Peppermint Oil world. Botanical name : Mentha piperita Uses :- Family : Lamiaceae • Kingdom : Plantae extracted from the leaves of the : Eukaryota peppermint plant and is used for a Domain Other Name essential oil can be variety of different purposes. : Balm mint, black peppermint, brandy mint, caffeic acid, Peppermint • Use cautiously in patients with chlgenic acid,curled mint, feuilles de gastroesophageal reflux disease or menthe, hesperidin, menthol, menthone, achlorhydria due to lower esophageal Genus sphincter relaxing effects and reports : Mentha L. Habitat:- Peppermint can be found over much of the world; indigenous to Europe of dyspepsia • and Asia, it has been naturalized in North America. In the United States Mentha x piperita can be found Use cautiously in patients with hiatal hernia or kidney stones (1). • Avoid injection of peppermint oil, as it practically may result in pulmonary edema and everywhere, however; it is commonly acute lung injury, presumably due to found near streams and other wet areas. direct toxicity and a resultant increase in pulmonary vascular permeability 33 Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 • • Avoid topical use of peppermint oil Description :- around the facial or chest areas of perennial flowering plant growing from a infants and young children, especially bulb, it has a tall, erect flowering stem that around the nose, because the menthol grows up to 1 m (3 ft). The leaf blade is constituent can induce apnea, laryngeal flat, linear, solid, and approximately 1.25– and bronchial spasm, acute respiratory 2.5 cm (0.5–1.0 in) wide, with an acute distress with cyanosis, or respiratory ar apex. The plant may produce pink to rest if applied directly to the nasal and purple flowers from July to September in the chest areas… the Northern Hemisphere. The bulb is Allium sativum is a odoriferous and contains outer layers of thin sheathing leaves surrounding an inner GARLIC sheath that encloses the clove. Often the bulb contains 10 to 20 cloves that are asymmetric in shape, except for those closest to the center.If garlic is planted at the proper time and depth, it can be grown as far north as Alaska.It produces hermaphrodite flowers. It is pollinated by Fig.5. Garlic bees, butterflies, moths, and other insects. Botanical name: - Allium sativum Uses Family : Amaryllidaceae Initially used as a preservative, garlic in Species : A. sativum ancient Chinese medicine was used in Kingdom : Plantae combination with other herbs for the Synonym: Asparagus, caviar, Peppercorn treatment of diarrhea, worm infestation, Genus fatigue, insomnia and headache. There has Habitat : Allium : In its natural habitat garlic also been recordings of it being used to mustard is eaten by insects and fungi. It treat depression and male infertility.Garlic can grow in very shaded areas, which was used extensively for its healing enables it to live in many different properties in Ancient India with it being ecosystems. mentioned in the Vedas. The ancient systems of medicine especially Ayurveda and Unani also made use of this wonder 34 Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 food with writings in the Charaka Samhita Vernacular Name: recommending the use of garlic for • cardiovascular disorders and arthritis. In German- Kurkuma gelbwruzel Bengali- Holud ancient Tibet, many recipes to treat • Swedish- Gurkmeja Gujarathi- Haldi stomach disorders which was grown in the • Burmese- fanwin Kannada- Arishina gardens of Babylon and was referred to as • Arabic- Kurkum Malayalam- Halad the “rank rose”. The Ancient Israelis used • Dutch- Geelwortel Sindhi- Halda garlic to stimulate starvation and to kill • Thai- Kamin Punjabi- Haldhor, parasites. Haldhar • Treat cardiovascular disease, as natural indonesian- Kunjit, Kunyit TamilManjal blood thinner • Italian- Curcuma Telugu- Pasupu As natural immunity booster,Prevents • Chinese- Yu.chin Sanskrit- diabetes, Anticancer, Atherosclerosis and hyperlipidaemia, Antiviral, Dermatologic, applications, Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Haladi,Haridra, • French- Curcuma, Saffron des Indes Hindi- Haldi Role of garlic against multi-drug resistant bacteria . Habitat : The origin of Curcuma Longa is Southern Asia, most probably from India. TURMERIC Curcuma Longa is a tropical plant, and it grows in a humid warm weather with a lot of Appropriate temperature for Turmeric is between 20 °C and 30 °C (68 °F and 86 °F) . Fig.6. TURMERIC Parts used : rhizome ( root ) Description :- Turmeric is the rhizome or Botanical name : Curcuma longa Family : Zingiberaceae Species : C. longa Kingdom : Plantae Genus : Curcuma underground stem of a ginger-like plant. It is usually available ground, as a bright yellow, fine powder. The whole turmeric is a tuberous rhizome, with a rough, segmented skin. The rhizome is yellowishbrown with a dull orange interior that 35 Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 looks bright yellow when powdered. The METHODOLOGY main rhizome measures 2.5 – 7 cm (1” – 3 Standardization of all Drugs: “) in length with a diameter of 2.5 cm (1”),  Plan of study: with smaller tubers branching off. 1. Collection & Authentication of herb 2. Pharmacognostic evaluation Uses: - Turmeric is commonly used for a) Macroscopic evaluation conditions b) Microscopic evaluation involving pain and inflammation, such as osteoarthritis. It is c) Powder microscopy also used for hay fever, depression, high d) Quantitative microscopy cholesterol, a type of liver disease health 3. Physicochemical parameters benefits. Early studies say turmeric may a) Determination of Ash value help keep your heart, joints, and brain b) Determination of Extractive value sease, and itching.Turmeric contains anti- c) Determination of Foreign matter inflammatory and antioxidant properties, d) Determination of Moisture content which may healthy. It may also play a role in protecting against cancer and diabetes, though more research is needed. The (Loss on drying) 4. Phytochemical evaluation I. powdered rhizome is effective in the treatment of sprain Preliminary phytochemical screening and a) Successive solvent extraction nflammation.Turmeric paste mixed with a b) General chemical tests little lime and saltpeter and applied hot is a Phytoconstituents popular application to sprains. phytochemical evaluation) of (Qualitative c) Chromatographic studies: TLC and HPTLC of extract AIM AND OBJECTIVES Formulation and Evaluation of Over-the-Counter General Pain Relievers for ToothachesTake nonsteroidal Determination of a) Total Phenolic Content Toothache reliving Chewingum • II. anti-inflammatory b) Total Flavonoid Content c) Total Tannin Astringent Potency) as d) Swelling Index Ibuprofen or Naproxen Sodium, or e) Foaming Index non-NSAID f) Bitterness Value medications (NSAIDS) such Acetaminophen for Content temporary relief. 36 Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved (for Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 Method of Preparation has been tried so as to retard or control Different authors have reported various the release rate of active agents along processes of preparation of medicated with the microencapsulated active chewing gum, that are mentioned as under: agents. 1. Formation of a inclusion complex, which is dried and mixed granulated SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION gum base without adding water or Thus, it can be concluded that the chewing other solvents. The process is carried gum can be used, as a carrier for vast out at controlled temperature and categories of drugs where extended release humidity and the blended components and the local action is desired. Chewing are cold pressed to produce a final gum gum can be used without water, at any product. Attempts have been made to time. Medicated Chewing gums can incorporate pharmaceutically active produce both local effects as well as agents into chewing gum as means of systemic effects in the oral cavity. They administering the active agent to the can be used for the purpose of taste subject. Traditionally, these efforts masking of certain drugs too. have employed common chewing gum production techniques wherein a gum FUTURE SCOPE base is heated until it becomes viscous Chewing gum not only offers clinical or fluid mass. Additional components benefits but also is an attractive, discrete (such as flavors or activeingredients) and efficient drug delivery system. A few then are blended into gum base. decades ago, the only treatment for some Finally, the mixture is cooled, pressed disease was surgical procedure but now and cut to produce the final product. more and more disease can be treated with Novel Drug Delivery Systems. Generally, 2. Alternatively, various components are blended in gum slurry that it takes time for a new drug delivery is system to establish itself in the market and coagulated before pressing into the gain acceptance by patients, however final product form. chewing gum is believed to manifest its position as a convenient and advantageous 3. To avoid the degradation of the active drug delivery system as it meets the high agents, coldproduced chewing gum by quality direct compression of the ingredients industry and can be formulated to obtain 37 standards of pharmaceutical Page 25-41 © MANTECH PUBLICATIONS 2021. All Rights Reserved Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical Technology Volume 3 Issue 1 different release profiles of active substances. The potential of MCG for 5- Issue 4: 2018,Pg no – 4700 to 4720. buccal delivery, fast onset of action and 5. Shahid Hussain1 , Rafia Rahman1 the opportunity for productline extension and Ayesha Mushtaq1*, Asma El makes it an attractive delivery form. Zerey-Belaskri2, Clove: A review Reformulation of anexisting product is of a precious species with multiple required for patent protection, additional uses, patient Chemical benefits and conservation of International and Journal of Biochemical Sciences,pg no: 129-133. revenues . 6. Diego Francisco Cortés- Rojas*,Claudia Regina Fernandes REFERENCE 1. Seth SD, Sharma B. Medicinal de Souza, Wanderley Pereira plants in India. Indian Journal of Oliveira, Medicinal Research 2004:9-11. aromaticum): a precious spice, 2. Himani Singh Meghwal, and Ajwain Murlidhar a potential source of phytochemical for better health, The Pharma Innovation M. journal epage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtb, pg no:- 91-95. 7. Shahid Hussain , Rafia Rahman1 Zarshenas , Zerey-Belaskri, Clove: A review Moein, Soliman of a precious species with multiple Samani5, Peyman uses, Mahmoodreza Mohammadi (Syzygium and Ayesha Mushtaq1, Asma El Journal 2019; 8(6): 599-603. 3. 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