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Poetry, Multiculturalism, and Social Justice

Dialogues on multiculturalism and diversity in the public sphere have been increasingly polarized in recent years. Engagement on these topics often leads to individuals becoming more entrenched in their own perspective, which impedes the development of empathy and understanding. It is apparent that new ways of communicating are needed. While no one approach will work across all contexts and with all people, poetry can be an effective medium to creating healthier dialogues. Additionally, poetry can serve as a model for other forms of communication. Poetry and narrative ways of communicating have the potential to transform multicultural dialogues in several ways. First, poetry can be considered a healing art. Long before the development of psychotherapy, poetry was used as an aid in individual and collective healing rituals. When utilized as a healing art, poetry can assist individuals and groups in moving through the healing process to advocating for change. Second, poetry can facilitate the development of cultural empathy. As poetry tells one’s story at an emotional and experiential level, it assists the reader or listener in developing a deeper understanding of the experience of the poet. When applied in a cultural context, poetry can assist in deepening one’s understanding of the experience of a particular cultural group. This shifts conversations rooted in ideology, theory, and politics to conversations focused on listening to each other’s stories and emotions. Third, poetry encourages the reader or listener to slow down and reflect. In conflicted dialogues and debates, the focus often is more on one’s response than understanding the other person’s perspective. Poetry encourages the listener to slow down and focus on taking in the story, which can aid in transforming a debate or conflicted conversation into one that is promoting a deeper understanding.

Using Poetry to Change Dialogues on Multiculturalism & Social Activism Using Poetry to Change Dialogues on Multiculturalism & Social Activism Nathaniel Granger, Jr., PsyD Louis Hoffman, PhD Saybrook University Saybrook University Presentation Outline • The Context: Polarized Dialogues • Poetry and Individual/Collective Healing • Poetry and Cultural Empathy • Poetry and Reflection/Self-Awareness • Application • References The Context: Polarized Dialogues u Polarization: “…the fixation on one point of view to the utter exlcuslion of competing points of view...” (Schneider, 2013) u Cultural dialogues in the United States increasingly polarized and distorted: u Example: Distortions of Black Lives Matter Movement and Police violence The Context: Polarized Dialogues u Debates often intensify disagreements and increase polarization; a new approach is needed (Hoffman & Granger, 2015; Hoffman, Granger, Vallejos, & Moats, 2016) u Allport (1954) proposed that interpersonal interactions under in the right context would decrease prejudice u Allport’s assertion has been widely supported (Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006) u Hoffman & Granger (2015) propose that poetry and story-telling are likely to also be effective in changing dialogues. The Context: Polarized Dialogues u We will discuss 3 ways poetry can facilitate change and and healing in the context of social justice and activism: u Poetry and Individual/Collective Healing u Poetry and Cultural Empathy u Poetry and reflection/self-awareness Poetry and Individual/Collective Healing u Poetry is a powerful, ancient form of healing. u Individual Context u Writing and reading poetry for personal healing and growth u Collective Context u Poetry & other arts can help create community, even across great distances u Example: Poetry and story sharing following Trayvon Martin’s death and other tragedies. Poetry and Individual/Collective Healing u Facilitating healing can be an important part of activism u Activism (including using poetry) can be healing (Hoffman et al, 2016) u Often, some healing is necessary to be effective in promoting social justice and activism (Hoffman et al, 2016) u Activism without healing is more likely to be polarizing Poetry and Cultural Empathy u The lack of understanding and empathy across cultural groups contributes to our multicultural tensions. u Poetry can be an important aid in promoting empathy. u Encourages a more emotional approach to understanding u Often utilizes a story-telling approach u More disarming that rational, factual, and debate oriented approaches Poetry and Cultural Empathy u Poetry in someone else’s voice u Writing poetry in the voice of someone else can promote empathy by: u Shifting from one’s own perspective u Exploring and describing different aspects of the person’s experience u Trying to understand the person experience and behavior in context Poetry and reflection/ self-awareness u Poetry can be a powerful form of reflection promoting self-awareness u Poetry encourages a person to slow down—whether writing or reading—and reflect u Exploring more deeply one’s experiences u Symbols used in poetry often emerge from the unconscious; revisiting poetry over-time can helping deepen awareness. u Poetry is generally written from an emotional and creative space; returning to it later can help connect the rational to the emotion for deeper understanding Application u Applying to Social Justice and Activism: u Need for healing and awareness u Promoting change through understanding and empathy u Promoting change through passion References u Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Anchor u Books. Hoffman, L., Granger, N. Jr., Vallejos, L., & Moats, M. (2016). An existential-humanistic perspective on Black Lives Matter and contemporary protest movements. Journal of Humanistic Psychology. Advance online publication. u Hoffman, L., & Granger, N. Jr., (2015). Introduction. In L. Hoffman & N. Granger, Jr., (Eds.), Stay awhile: Poetic narratives on multiculturalism and diversity. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. u Pettigrew, T. F., & Tropp, L. R. (2006). A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 751-783. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751 u Schneider, K. J. (2013). The polarized mind: Why it’s killing us and what we can do about it. Colorado Springs, CO: University Professors Press. Presentation Slides will be available at: https://saybrook.academia.edu/LouisHoffman and https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Louis_Hoffman
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