Levent Bayraktar ed., Türk Felsefesi

www.kirmizilar.com Türk Felsefesi !"#$%&'%()"* Yay $%+*!,-,. /%0 12-"%3242$5'.6%7'-6.6/%8 9,.":%1,-6;6/%<=>2>%0?8@ A79+/%BC@DE?FDE@8@GD8D@ HAIJAKALMI%NMNA+OALAH® 7,$,=6%&'%165,-'P%M!"! M-6)6='%J,;,>>'.6%N,>Q %7R","%+R/%8?S80 TU*$V,W,- S<."6#';61'>')R$/%?%000%0GXXC@B%%%%%%%9'>Y'Y'ç'-/%?%000%0GBXC8X ZZZ["6-!6W6>,-[5R! kirmizilar.bilgi@gmail.com 1[O[ KÜLTÜI%&'%1(I$KJ%9MHM+LA%I 7<I1$F$HM%+(JMIM7A X?0XG N,=:$%<U6P\-2 J*W,))'-%J<1 +1M] H,V,"%1,.,- ! ^:-,P%H'$,$%7T7(+O( 9,.": 7<I_<1%T^7<1%JM19MMOALAH .P6">,>%J,;[%N'>"R&,$% 4%J'-"'W6%K'!6$%H,P/%8BD0? TU*$V,W,-:S<."64';61'>/%?[000[%0GG%0?%F@%D%0GG%0?%X? % NMNA+%`MHLMIA <.'-6$% ;'-% Pü->ü% =,= $% ;,"" % ,$>,#!,> % R>,-,"% H -! W >,-% N,= $5 > "% M$R$6!% "6-"'P6a$'% ,6PP6-[% H6P,Q $% Pü!ü% &'=,% Q6-% Qö>ü!ü% 6W6$.6W% yay $>,$,!,Wb% çR&,>P >,!,Wb% ,$5,"% ",=$,"% Yö.P'-6>'-'"% ,> $P >,-% =,V >,Q6>6-[ © !!!!!"!#!$!!!%!&!'!(!)!!!*!&!$!!!"!(!+!(!'!'!,!$!!!! 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Türk Felsefesi !"#$%&'%()"* ! "#$% &$' !"!#................................................................................................. 1 $%&%#.................................................................................................... 5 '&!()&.......................................................................................... 15 *'+(!, '&!#*!&-),.............................................................. 17 ,,,,,,,)./,'0123,$4356723............................................................. 19 ,,,,,,,82923,+6:;2<,.......................................................................... 55 ,,,,,,,(=>=3?,@2:;29?2;..................................................................... 95 ,,,,,,,-=>.A?,!:23B9......................................................................... 137 ,,,,,,,-/.2:,CD9?4;9.......................................................................... 191 ,,,,,,,&2E1/,C2;29AF........................................................................ 247 SONUÇ............................................................................................... 265 GH$IJ-%#(I&............................................................................. 269 Türk Felsefesi - İmkân ve Ufku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Levent Bayraktar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Levent Bayraktar (1(>,! ?#! K8$%! O#23#J#3&/&/! &1%I/,! 80#$&/#! ^$-JA! F$A! U#/(/! _8$3-+! &2#! +(),2(/! 182(%(''(/! .#$2#/#/! *&$! ;&$&@! &2#! -%6+6>6! %($@,3,/(!4,%(>(%!-2(/!*6!%&'(*,/!"(0,$2(/1(3,/.(!#1#=&!;#4#/! "#$%#3#!'#@#%%8$!#.#$&1A!! Levent Bayraktar W.&'9$ 4 Türk Felsefesi - İmkân ve Ufku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c-R)[%3-[%H'$,$%d2-.R=%6>'%c-R)[%3-[%L'&'$P%9,=-,"P,-%P,-,):$U,$ V-Re'%;,"":$U,%Y'-f'">'4P6-6>'$%!2>,",PP,$%;,-'"'P>'%R>*4P*-*>!*4P*-[ 5 Kenan Gürsoy &%&/>&!;$6)<!5(',2,2(@1(%!&4&/!J#23#J#!-21(2,.,$<!-!"(2.#!J#23#J#+&<! 90#22&%2#! *(',! J#23#J#3&/&! 9=$#/1#2&+&0! .#.&2#$A! 59+2#>#! *&0#! '(1(1#/! .,@($,.(/! &'"(2<! 1-/'(Q! 3(/(+&! .&+#*&2#>#=&1&0! *&$! '($0.(<! *&$'(%,1! 6/36$2($,! ;#'&$1#+#! 4(2,@($(%! (.,/(! J#23#J#! .#/#/! J(%('! "&4*&$! .8@8/>#+&! .#! %#/.&! &4&/.#! '(1! (/2(1,+2(! -26@'6$1(+(/! 3(J"(2($,! +(@('',2($A! 59+2#>#! .&=#$! '($(J'(! *&0.#! J#23#J#!+-%'6$<!"(''(!/#$#.#+3#!&1(/,1,0(!(+%,$,.,$!.&+#/2#$!.#! J#23#J#! &2#! ($(2($,/(! .("(! J(02(! 1#3(J#! %-+.62($A! 5&0.#! J#23#J#! +-%'6$! 48/%8! *&0! *6/6! +()1(+(! 16%'#.&$! .#=&2&0<! `61"6$&+#''#/! 3-/$(! &@'#! /&"(+#'! *(',! J#23#J#3&! &2#! '#1(3(! *(@2(.,%<!J#23#J#+&!-$(.(/!(2(2,1!?#!38$.8$#2&1!.&+#/2#$!J#23#J#! &2#!6=$(@',2($A!56!'(?,$!#/!(0,/.(/!J#23#J#!&31&/&!.6+6$.6!J(%('! *9+2#! *&$! &'"(2! J#23#J#/&/! /#! &@#! +($(*&2#>#%! -2.6=6! %-/636/.(! '#$#..8'2#$#!?#!+#/&!#2#@'&$&2#$#!/#.#/!-2.6A!\+3(!*6!&%&!;9$8@!.#! +(/2,@',$A! W=#$! *&$! 1#.#/&+#'<! +(/&! 1#.#/&+#'! 3#?&+#3&/#! +8%3#21&@! *&$! %82'8$! ?($3(<! *6! %82'8$8/! 16'2(%(! J#23#J#! 6/36$6/6! '(@,+-$! -21(3,! ;#$#%&$A! a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b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`#?.#'! ^(@(2($<! ["1#'! X6(+,)2($! *6$(.(! "(',$2(/(*&2&$A! c(.&3#!*6!@#%&2.#!;#2&@1&@!-2.6=6/(!;9$#!*&0.#!J#23#J#!+-%'6$<! `61"6$&+#'!.9/#1&/.#!*(@2(1,@',$!@#%2&/.#%&!*&$!.#=#$2#/.&$1#! *6!%82'8$8/!J#23#J#3&/&!$#..#'1#%!-26$A!](!.(!*6!%82'8$8/!&4&/.#! ?($! -2(/! *&$! J#23#J#! #'%&/2&=&/&<! *6$(.(/! "($#%#'2#! .#! @&1.&! +#/&.#/! -26@(*&2#>#%! -2(/! ?#! '#1#2.#! %#/.&/.#/! "($#%#'! #.#*&2#/! *&$! J#23#J#! -$'(1,/,! $#..#'1#%! -26$A! `61"6$&+#''#/! 9/>#! J#23#J#! -21(.,=,! J&%$&! .#<! *&0&1! %#/.&! 1#.#/&+#'&1&0! 80#$&/#!*&$!J#23#J#!'#'%&%&/#!(4,2(*&2#>#%!-2(/!%(),2($,!%()('1(%! ;&*&!4-%!%9'8!*&$!3-/6>(!+-2!(4(*&2&$A!a&'#%&1!*9+2#!*(%,2.,=,/.(! ?#! (/>(%! `61"6$&+#''#/! 3-/$(! *&0.#! J#23#J#! *(@2(1,@',$! .#/.&=&/.#<!*&0!*(',!.8@8/>#3&/&/!*&0#!+(/3,',21(3,!.#1#%!-2(/! 7 Kenan Gürsoy *&$! #'%&/2&=&M! (/2(1,/,<! ;#$#=&/&! J($%! #'1#.#/! '('*&%! #.&+-$60! .#1&@! -26$60A! 56! )$-*2#1.#/<! %82'8$81808/! %#/.&! %,?(1,/,! *62(1(1,@! -21(3,/.(/<! *&0.#! J#23#J#! +-%'6$! @&1.&! 5(',.(/! ;#'&$&21#2&.&$! .&+#/! &/3(/2($! %(.($<! *&0.#! J#23#J#/&/! -21(.,=,/,! +(! .(! -21(1(3,! ;#$#%'&=&/&! .8@8/#/<! .&/&! '($(J'(/! +(%2(@(/! &/3(/2($.(!#@&'!.#$#>#!3-$6126.6$2($A!c(2*6%&!%#/.&!&%2&1&1&0#! (&'!-2(/<!'($&"'#/!;#2#/!*&$!.8@8/>#!#'%&/2&=&/&!*6;8/!J#23#J#.#/! /#!(/2(@,2,+-$!&3#!-!1(/(.(!.#=#$2#/.&$1#%<!%#/.&1&0#!-$(.(/! "($#%#'! #.#/! *&$! ;#2#/#%<! +#/&! +-22($! +(! .(! +-2! '(+&/! #'1#%! &1%(/,/(!3("&)!-2(*&2&$.&%A!56!&@!&4&/!;#4!%(21,@!.#=&2&0A!56!*&$! -2;6/26%!3#?&+#3&/.#<!(.#'(!*&$!d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a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Türk Felsefesi - İmkân ve Ufku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Kenan Gürsoy *&$!'(/#3&.&$A!5&0&1!J#23#J#.#!#'&%!(2(/!.#.&=&1&0!*6!+#$M!J#23#J#! 3(+#3&/.#<! J#23#J&! '(?,$2(! ($',%! (/2(@,2(/<! (/2(1,/,! &4&/.#! 16"(J(0(! #''&=&! +#/&! .(?$(/,@! %(2,)2($,+2(! .(! *8'8/2#@'&$#*&2#>#=&1! ?#! +#%.&=#$2#$&/&/! .#! .(?$(/,@! %(2,)2($,! %($@,3,/.(! +(*(/>,2,%! 4#%1#+#$#%! -/2($(! .(! *&$! @#+2#$! ;93'#$#*&2#>#=&1! *&$! "(2! (2,$A! a#.#/! J#23#J#! +(),+-$36/60N! Z8/%8! J#23#J#! +9/#2.&=&! @#+&! 1("&+#'&! &2#! (/2(1(! ;(+$#'&.&$A! H/3(/! -21(/,0! &'&*($&+2#! -/6/! 3&0&/! &4&/! '(@,.,=,! .#=#$&! J($%! #.#*&21#!&1%I/,.,$A!W=#$!*&$!*&2&/4!-2($(%!?($!.#=&23#/&0<!&/3(/! -2($(%! /#! %(.($! ?($! -2(*&2&$3&/&0<! *6! 3-$6+6! .8@8/1#%! ;#$#%&$A! 5&2&/4! -2($(%! ?($! -21(03(/,0<! (/>(%! *&$! -'-1('! -2(*&2&$3&/&0<! $-*-'!-2(*&2&$3&/&0!+(!.(!1((2#3#J!.#$&/!*&$!*#22#%!%(+*,!"(.&3#3&<! *&2&/4! %(+*,! "(.&3#3&! +(@,+-$! -2(*&2&$3&/&0A! 56! .6$61.(! ?($! -21(%2,=,/,0.(/! /#! %(.($! *("3#.#*&2&$3&/&0N! H@'#! '-)2612($! .(! #=#$!#0*#$#!+(/&!J#23#J#3&0!+(@(1(+(!*(@2($2($3(<!%#/.&2#$&/#!-! %82'8$8/! &/3(/,! -21(%! *(%,1,/.(/<! J(%('! 90#22&%2#! .#! &/3(/! -21(%! *(%,1,/.(/! +(*(/>,2(@,$2($A! 56! /#.#/2#! J#23#J#! #'%&/2&%2#$&/.#/<! -$'(1,/.(/! ?#! .&2&/.#/! 1("$61! -21(%<! (32#/! +-%!-21(%',$A W=#$! *&$! *(',! 1#.#/&+#'&/.#/<! .-=6! 1#.#/&+#'&/.#/<! H32(1! 1#.#/&+#'&/.#/! 390! #.&2#*&2&+-$3(! *6<! %#/.&! .#=#$2#$! 3&3'#1('&=&/&/! &4&/.#! -$(.(! '#@#%%82! #'1&@<! *&$! .&2&/! &4&/.#<! *&$! #.#*&+(',/! &4&/.#<! 3(/(',+2(<! 3-3+(2! *&2&12#$&+2#! *8'8/2#@1&@<! &4&/.#/! ;#2.&=&! %82'8$2#! *626@16@<! -! 1#.#/&+#'2#$&/! .&/.($2,%2($,+2(! .(! "(22#@1&@! *&$! J#23#J&! '#1#2&/! -21(3,+2(! (2(%(2,.,$A O#23#J#<! &/3(/,! &/3(/! -21(%! %(2&'#3&! &'&*($&+2#<! 1#.#/&+#'&! 1#.#/&+#'! -21(%! %(2&'#3&! &'&*($&+2#<! %82'8$8! %82'8$8/! (+$,! 6/36$2($,/,! 1#.#/&+#'#! *(=2,! -21(%! 90#22&%2#$&! *(%,1,/.(/! (+(%'(! '6'6+-$A! W=#$! 1#.#/&+#'#! *&$! 81$(/! @#%2&/.#! *(%(>(%! -26$3(/,0! *6! 81$(/! ',)%,! &/3(/! @("3&+#'&! ;&*&! "#$! (/! -26@6+-$! -21(!38$#>&/#!3("&)'&$A!P#!*9+2#!*&$!-26@61<!1#.#/&+#'&/!%#/.&3&! 80#$&/#!*&$!*&2&/>&!;#$#%'&$&$A!!\!0(1(/!J#23#J#<!*8'8/!1#.#/&+#'! 6/36$2($,/,/<!-!1#.#/&+#'!(/2(1,/.(<!-!1#.#/&+#'!4#$4#?#3&/.#! *8'8/2#@'&=&! -! +#$! &4&/! (2,/(/! *&$! 7*&2&/4! 1#3(J#3&:.&$A! P#! *6<! 10 Türk Felsefesi - İmkân ve Ufku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Kenan Gürsoy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Türk Felsefesi - İmkân ve Ufku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c(2*6%&! J#23#J#! *&$! 7.8/+(! ;9$8@8:! -21(+(!&/.&$;#/#1#0A!\!.("(!;#/&@<!.("(!'#1#22#/.&$&21&@<!.("(! (%'&J<! .("(! +($(',>,! *&$! +#$! -21(%! .6$616/.(.,$A! 56! /#.#/2#<! K8$%! .8@8/>#3&/&! *&$! .8/+(! ;9$8@8! -26@'6$(>(%! @#%&2.#! %6$;62(1(%! +#$&/#<! "(2&3! *&$! J#23#J#! 0#1&/&<! ;#2#/#%2&! J(%('! #?$#/3#2! *&$! J#23#J#! #'%&/2&=&! @#%2&/.#! .8@8/1#%! ?#! ;#$4#%2#@'&$1#%!(.,/(!;(+$#'!#'1#2&+&0A! =%*#*'36&,>? 13