Dental Anthropology in Clinical Context
Myrtati D. ArtariaWhat is Dental Anthropology? Dental anthropology is the study of teeth in extinct and extant primates, including human. Nowadays dental anthropologists are not only anthropologists, but also anatomists, zoologists, dentists, radiologists, biochemists, geneticists, paleontologists, archaeologists, and forensic scientists. Teeth either in children and adults have patterns that reflect the diseases and changes during their life so that they will be distinct for every individual. Teeth are not easily modified by the environment as do bones , because teeth are controlled by genetic make up. Teeth have structures that are preserved so that they can be studied even a long time after the development during childhood. Because teeth are used for mastication, they are useful for paleoanthropologists and archaeologists to study adaptation to hard food. Fortunately, because teeth are the hardest part of the body, most remains contain teeth so that they give useful informations regarding the life of the individual. Teeth can be studied by taking dental casts, examination of extracted teeth, or by observing directly. The morphology of the teeth is what interest anthropologists the most.
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Dental Anthropology-A Revolutionary Tool in Forensic Science
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International
Dental anthropology is a field of physical anthropology that studies the origin, development, and evolution of anthropoid dentitions, as well as their relationship to social, physical, and cultural factors. Teeth have their own distinct morphology and physiology, which is in stark contrast to the body's genetic structure. Teeth are also unique among the resistant elements of archaeological and fossil remains in that they have been exposed on the body's surface throughout their lives. As a result, dental anthropology may be assessed in the mouth cavity of living humans using similar methods to those used for prehistoric relics. As a result, it's no surprise that practising dental surgeons have historically ranked well among dental anthropologists. This review’s initial purpose is to provide an overview of the morphological and non-morphological properties of animate dentitions that aid in the indirect identification of prehistoric remains and the understanding of their cu...
Luna, L. 2016. Some Achievements and Challenges of Dental Anthropology. ARC Journal of Dental Science Volume 1, Issue 1, 2016, PP 5-9
Dental Anthropology has produced a huge amount of information in the last decades, covering many different aspects of human biological and cultural life. For the last twenty years, a process of diversification and specialization occurred,that sometimes precluded the development of macroscale comparative studies,except for a few exceptional cases. Some reflections and critical debate have to be done to overcomethese limits and to arrive to more consensual methodological procedures. The generation, analysis and conservation of new and previously known documented human osteological collections,and the use of compatible methodologies continue to be fundamental to obtain proxy data and generate adequate protocols to carry out comparative studies involving research projects from different parts of the world. Dental Anthropology is a scientific discipline of great development in the last decades, which deals with studies of sexual dimorphism, paleodemography, oral health, lifestyle, evolutionary trends, paleodiet, biodistance and paleopathology through the analysis of the dentition of extinct and modernhuman populations[1-22,among many others]. It is an important way of investigationthat allows access to knowledge sometimes avoided by other kind of research. The microscopic structure of osseous remains is more fragile than that of teeth, and therefore tend to be more easily deteriorated, so that the latter usually form an important part of the evidence available because of the much tougher constitution of the tissues, both in archaeological cases and in the unfortunately increasing number of mass disasters, like aircraft accidents, natural catastrophes or terrorist attacks[e.g. 23-27]. Considering that tooth structure is not remodeled during life, they offer a large amount of information for understanding the biological and social dynamics of past populations [3, 14, 28, 29] and assist in the identification of missing persons through forensic anthropology procedures[30-32]. Modern Dental Anthropology is the result of systematic efforts carried out by research teams for decadesin order to strengthen the scientific nature of the discipline and tried to explain the enormous biological diversity of human populations.The vast amount of information generated byscholars such as Cameriere and their investigation teams are good examples of comprehensive and sustainedprograms that included specific and holistic investigation designs. These detailed and numerous studies were initiated during the first half of the twentieth century, and significantly diversified since the 1970s. The prolific development generated a huge amount of data about dentition, which contributed to improving knowledge about the issues mentioned above; its impact is seen in the growing interest on the subject andthe increasing incorporation of specialists in archeological and bio anthropological research groups all around the world. At present, dental anthropology is immersed in a complex scenario that requires that the multiple current analysesin force, most of which offer significant heuristic potential for improving the anthropological science, be reflexively evaluated so as to arrive tomethodological consensus that allow performing macroscale comparative studies.The definitions of the variablesstudied,their categorizations and the recording proceduresare issues that should be clearly stated and necessarily discussed within the academic community in order to reach general consensus among scholars, so as to produce comparable data and allow developing studies in large spatial and temporal scales[33]. In this way, several survey protocols and systems of nomenclature have been generated to unify criteria of analysis in other disciplines, such as bio archeology, paleodemography and paleopathology [34-38].Dental Anthropology still needs this kind of general agreement.
The anthropology of modern human teeth: Dental morphology and its variation in recent human populations
American Journal of Human Biology, 1998
Analytical Methods of Dental Anthropology Forensic Odontology –An Overview
GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS, 2021
Dental Anthropology is a scientic discipline, which deals with studies of sexual dimorphism, paleodemography, oral evolutionary trends, paleodiet, biodistance and paleopathology through the analysis & comparison of the dentition of extinct and modern human populations by the study of Non-metric morphological variations (dental morphological features) and metric morphological trends of the dentition of human populations over time (prehistoric and modern) and space impact (ie.ethnic inuences) on them along-with their relation to the processes of adaptation and diet changes that contributed to the evolution of the current dental system and thereby the human race.(1,3,5) Teeth exhibit a wide array of variables, ranging from those largely controlled by genes to those largely dictated by environment. Anthropological questions focusing on teeth therefore, include issues of population origins and population relationships using information on (tooth morphology, size, number), diet and beha...
Tooth wear: the view of the anthropologist
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2008
Dental Anthropology Volume 20 , Number 1 , 2007 Dental Anthropology is the Official
2007
The aims of this study were to compare crown dimensions of mandibular first molars (M1) and second molars (M2) between Mongolians (belonging to the Khalkha-Mogol grouping) and Caucasians (Northern European ancestry) and to attempt to explain any observed differences in phylogenetic and ontogenetic terms. Materials in this study comprised dental casts of 48 Mongolian female subjects with a mean age of 20.5 years and 50 Caucasian female subjects with a mean age of 21.5 years. For M1, the buccolingual diameters of both mesial and distal crown components in Mongolians were significantly larger than in Caucasians. For M2, the mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters of the (1990) observed this dental pattern in populations of Northern China, Mongolia, and Southern Siberia. Even though frequencies of occurrence and degrees of expression of nonmetric morphological crown features have been described in many Asian populations, including Mongolians (Scott and Turner, 1998; Turner, 1990; Manabe ...
The role of forensic odontology and dental anthropology:An approach to forensic issues
Journal of dental specialities/Journal of dental specialties, 2024
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