Crime Scene Management

The evidence, which has been studied in this dissertation, is one of the essential instruments of criminal justice. The issue was limited to obtaining evidence, and the problems concerning to this issue have been specified and some suggestions for these problems have been offered.
Once the law of TCP (The Act of Turkish Criminal Procedure – 2005) 5271 numbered came into use and it provided some novelty to the evidence system in criminal justice. Thanks to the scientific and technical progress, lots of methods of collecting evidence such as biological evidence from living body and molecular genetics examines, recording private communication, observation by technical devices and secret investigation methods have been included in TCP. Some regulations were legislated for rules of evidence collection and they were made effective. The role of the public prosecutors in the criminal investigations became more effective to maintain fair trail and protect the rights of suspect.
The rule of rejecting indictment aims at collecting evidence in the prosecution stage faster and more effectively. And collecting methods of evidence have become more significant by the rule of cross examination.
However, still some evidence rules are existing in the other codes and this violates the unity of evidence rules. And the rule of “crime scene investigation” has not been identified completely in TCP. Despite some novelties brought by TCP, the constructions of prosecution and law enforcement units should be strengthened to apply this law efficiently.

Key Words: Evidence, Obtaining Evidence, Proofing, Criminal Evidence, the Law of Evidence.

Bloodstain pattern analysis is inseparably present in forensic genetics, crime scene investigation, the examination of evidence, and paper casework. It times of pandemic related to COVID-19 it is crucial to be aware of obstacles, barriers, and threats that await every expert who deals with forensic biological material. This new situation is an excellent time to go back and point out what are the primary guidelines that reduce the contamination of evidence and increase the protection of practitioners and experts during their work. Some evident principles that exist during crime scene investigation should be used in a more safe environment. The main goal of this article is to show what is the primary indicator that will help to reduce the danger of contamination by Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) during the prosecution of work. Bloodstain pattern analysis is a vast discipline. Other experts can use guidelines that will be shown in this article. Numerous forensic fields can benefit from this information. Subjects such as fingerprint, trace evidence, ballistics, forensic genetics, an examination of the evidence on a crime scene or during paper casework, even handwriting during crime scene investigation.

This chapter looks into the preliminary investigation phase which originates when a crime or incident is reported and continues until the scene of incident is processed and cleared. The preliminary investigation serves as the foundation of the case. It should therefore be accurate or may jeopardize the entire investigation. Although no hard and fast rules can be laid down for how each scene of incident should be approached and processed, the fundamental principles remain the same and should be adhered to at all times. The chapter relies on the tried and tested principles of forensic investigation by providing a guide for the approach to and processing of a scene of incident. It furthermore appreciates the complexities faced by investigators attending to a scene of incident and will introduce forensic investigation as a tool, which by its systemic and scientific nature, can assist the investigator in understanding the procedures that should be followed at a scene of incident. It is beyond the scope of this chapter to discuss specific methods for specific crimes or incidents, but rather to provide a generic overview of the preliminary investigation phase.

Forensic investigations involving animal scavenging of human remains require a physical search of the scene and surrounding areas. However, there is currently no standard procedure in the U.K. for physical searches of scavenged human remains. The Winthrop and grid search methods used by police specialist searchers for scavenged remains were examined through the use of mock red fox (Vulpes vulpes) scatter scenes. Forty-two police specialist searchers from two different regions within the U.K. were divided between those briefed and not briefed with fox-typical scavenging information. Briefing searchers with scavenging information significantly affected the recovery of scattered bones (χ2 = 11.45, df = 1, p = 0.001). Searchers briefed with scavenging information were 2.05 times more likely to recover bones. Adaptions to search methods used by searchers were evident on a regional level, such that searchers more accustom to a peri-urban to rural region recovered a higher percentage of sc...

Analiza Śladów Krwawych (AŚK) jest dziedziną kryminalistyki, która w najbliższych la-tach nabierać będzie coraz większego znaczenia. Przyczyną powyższego zjawiska jest intensywny rozwój nauk biologicznych i coraz częstsze wykorzystywanie ich w procesie karnym. Krew jest jedną z substancji, które bardzo często są ujawniane i zabezpieczane na miejscu zdarzenia. Należy pamiętać, że oprócz informacji genetycznej krew może nieść ze sobą informację dotyczącą sposo-bu powstania danego śladu, dzięki czemu można dokonać rekonstrukcji zdarzenia. Sam fakt obec-ności krwi na miejscu zdarzenia/przedmiotach/ osobach, nie ma aż tak dużego znaczenia, ale istotą problemu może być, w jakich okolicznościach się ona tam znalazła, a na to pytanie odpowiada Analiza Śladów Krwawych. Obecnie stosowana polska terminologia, która pochodzi z lat sześć-dziesiątych, jest w znacznym stopniu niepełna i nieaktualna. Niniejsza publikacja ma na celu wprowadzenie czytelnika w tematykę Analizy Śladów Krwawych, przedstawienie i wyjaśnienie terminologii międzynarodowej, używanej w tej nauce, aby ujednolicić oraz unowocześnić obecnie stosowane polskie nazewnictwo. Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie jedynie podstawowej terminologii, natomiast w przyszłości należy rozwinąć ten temat, poprzez przybliżenie charakterystyki poszczególnych śladów bardziej szczegółowo.

In the cold world of criminals and murders there is a person that is first-rate at what they do. This person isn't a policeman, a detective, or an attorney. This person is a member of an elite force of forensic crime scene investigative criminologists. This special person sees and manages situations that an average person would not know how to handle. The duties of a crime scene investigator can be brutal and difficult duties that

This course was run in collaboration with the Montgomery Co, PA Bomb Squad and could not have happened without their assistance.  The aim of this course was to train first responders, law enforcement, bomb squad and forensic personnel how to process a post-blast, mass fatality scene in order to recover and positively identify all decedents.  The agenda for the program can be found here.  Other handouts can be found under "Teaching Documents".

Adli laboratuvarlar, kimi zaman bir cinayetin zanlısını ortaya çıkaran, kimi zaman haksız mahkumiyetle sonuçlanabilecek bir olaya ışık tutan oldukça önemli çalışmaların yapıldığı alanlardır. Çalışılacak örneğin olay yerinden toplanmasından laboratuvara teslimine, laboratuvarda yürütülen çalışmalardan depolamaya kadar titizlikle çalışılır. Daha çok "Delil Güvenliği" prensibi ile çalışılan bu alanlarda biyogüvenliğin sağlanması oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışma alanlarında olay yerlerinden toplanan örneklerin üzerinde ihtiva edebileceği patojenler ve babalık tayini gibi örnek alma işlemlerinde ortama, çalışana ve topluma bulaşabilecek patojenler ile mücadele için etkin çalışma yöntemleri gereklidir. Patojenlerin özelliklerine göre yüzeyde uzun süreler canlılığını sürdürebildiği, patojene özgü dezenfekte yöntemleri kullanılmadığında bir potansiyel risk olduğu çıkarımı yapılmıştır. Çalışan güvenliği önceliğe alınarak adli genetik laboratuvarı incelemesi yapılmıştır. Patojenlere kasıtsız olarak maruz kalmayı veya bunların yanlışlıkla salınmasını engellemek amacı ile iş akışı ele alınmış, güvenli laboratuvar ortamları oluşturabilmek için biyogüvenlik prensipleri oluşturulmuştur. Laboratuvar analizi yapılarak, "Hata Türü ve Etkileri Analizi" yöntemi ile bir risk değerlendirme çalışması yapılmıştır. Tespit edilen risk faktörlerine göre üç senaryo oluşturulmuştur. Birinci senaryo laboratuvar kurulum aşamasında alınması gereken tedbirleri içermektedir. İkinci senaryo, iş akışında biyolojik bulaşma meydana geldiğinde yapılması önerilen hususlardır. Üçüncü ise, çalışma alanında biyolojik ajan varlığının tespit edilebilmesi için çözüm yollarını içeren senaryodur. "Antikor Tabanlı Patojen Tanıma Sistemi" ve "Hidrojen Peroksik ve Gümüş Katyonlu İyon ile Dezenfeksiyon" için iki cihaz incelemesi yapılmıştır. Patojene özgü çalışmaların yürütülebilmesi amacı ile "Biyolojik Güvenlik Formu" oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışma ile laboratuvara gelen delil torbasında ve laboratuvar ortamında bulunabilecek patojenlerin tespitinin uygulanabilirliği tartışılmıştır. Patojen varlığı tespit edilerek, patojene özgü alınacak tedbirlere yer verilmiştir. Delil torbasının açılması aşamasından, depolanma aşaması dahil olarak alınabilecek güvenlik tedbirlerine yeni bir bakış açısı sunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Adli Genetik Laboratuvarı, Biyogüvenlik, , Biyolojik Ajan, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği

Forensic laboratories are areas where very important studies are carried out, sometimes revealing the suspect of a murder, sometimes shelighting an incident that could result in an wrongful conviction. From the collection of the sample from the scene to the delivery to the laboratory, from the work carried out in the laboratory to the storage, it is meticulously studied. It is very important to provide biosecurity in these areas, which are studied with the principle of "Evidence Security". In these areas of study, effective methods of working are required to combat pathogens that can infect the environment, the employee and society in sample processes such as pathogens and pater father determination, which can be contained on samples collected from crime scene. According to the characteristics of pathogens can maintain vitality on the surface for long times, patogen-specific disinfectant methods are not used, there is a potential risk was made. Employee safety was taken first and forensic genetics laboratory examination was carried out. In order to prevent unintentional exposure to pathogens or their accidental release, biosecurity principles have been established to create safe laboratory environments that have been addressed in the workflow. A risk assessment study was carried out with the method "Error Type and Effects Analysis" by laboratory analysis. Three scenarios were created according to the risk factors identified. The first scenario includes measures to be taken during the laboratory installation phase. The second scenario is recommended when biological corruption occurs in the workflow. The third is the scenario that includes solutions for detecting the presence of biological agents in the field of study. wo devices were examined for "Antibody Based Pathogen Recognition System" and "Disinfection with Hydrogen Peroxic and Silver Cation Ion". "Biological Safety Form" was established with the aim of carried out pathogen-specific studies. With this study, the applicability of the detection of pathogens that can be found in the evidence bag and laboratory environment that comes to the laboratory is discussed. By detecting the presence of pathogens, pathogen-specific measures are included. A new perspective has been presented on the security measures that can be taken from the opening stage of the evidence bag, including the storage phase. Keywords: Biosecurity, Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Biological Agent, Occupational Health and Safety

Speuren naar sporen van speurders.
Ontwikkelingen op forensisch-technisch en tactisch gebied.

Door nieuwe ontwikkelingen op forensisch technisch en
tactisch gebied zoals bijvoorbeeld de inzet van mobiel
DNA-onderzoek, verplichte Tegenspraak en forensic
intelligence zijn er mogelijkheden om sneller en beter
forensisch sporenonderzoek te doen. De nieuwe technieken
bieden veel kansen voor een effectievere en efficiëntere
opsporing maar ze brengen ook risico’s zoals tunnelvisie
met zich mee. Hoe die risico’s kunnen worden verkleind en
hoe nieuwe technieken zo goed mogelijk kunnen worden
ingezet is onderwerp van onderzoek. Jasper van der Kemp
zal in het college daar nader op ingaan.

We all know that nowadays the crime rate is frequently increasing day by day in our society. From this we have an idea to develop the system. Problem was that people got tired by going here and there to get justice. So our application is capable of registering FIR online, showing investigation updates, delivering news about crime etc. So it is an application which provides solutions to the problems faced during taking actions against crime. I.

Scopo: Analisi delle procedure e dei punti critici di un soccorso in caso di attacco terroristico, e le complicazioni che si hanno nella sua gestione in caso di attacco non convenzionale con armi CBRNe o in caso di evento CBRNe. Background: Un evento terroristico o un evento CBRNe richiede una risposta coordinata dell’intero sistema di soccorso, protocolli interforze standardizzati, personale altamente qualificato ed addestrato periodicamente, oltre ad un sistema di smistamento vittime tra ospedali ampiamente collaudato. la Hot-zone è una zona del crimine circoscritta dai primi soccorritori e gli accessi devono essere controllati per prevenire la contaminazione delle prove da parte degli operatori e il trasporto della contaminazione al di fuori della zona controllata. In Italia, gli unici ad essere autorizzati al soccorso in zona rossa sono i Vigili del fuoco. Metodo e materiali: Studio ed analisi di “case studies” come le operazioni di soccorso alla “Costa Concordia” nel 2012. Analisi di procedure e protocolli di enti, istituzioni, ed organizzazioni ausiliarie e di volontariato sulla scena del crimine ed su eventi coinvolgenti materiale pericoloso (hazmat). Risultati (Finding): Molti soccorritori italiani di vari enti non hanno addestramento per la «scena del crimine» né per «rischio contaminazione/hazmat», e, durante gli interventi, sono stati riscontrati numerosi casi di discussioni e contrasti sulla linea di comando delle operazioni. Assenza di protocolli standardizzati di intervento, e gestione unificata dell’evento: Queste criticità creano significativi problemi durante le investigazioni e le indagini legali, oltre ad esporre gli operatori coinvolti e l’intera sicurezza nazionale ad incalcolabili rischi riguardanti contaminazioni e Hazmat. L’assenza di un appropriato management può portare alla contaminazione e compromissione di infrastrutture sensibili come trasporti ed ospedali. Conclusioni: L’incremento netto degli standard formativi di base di tutti gli enti, l’appropriata applicazione dei metodi di gestione eventi, l’applicazione di protocolli standardizzati, l’imposizione di una catena di comando efficiente e collaudata e del uso dell’ICS devono essere I punti di partenza per migliorare al più presto il sistema per garantire una risposta ed assistenza efficace, diminuire drasticamente I notevoli rischi per gli operatori e salvaguardare le prove per la gestione legale degli eventi. Il tutto al fine di migliorare la sicurezza nazionale. (2) SOCCORSO IN CASO DI ATTACCO TERRORISTICO / CBRNe. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320137047_SOCCORSO_IN_CASO_DI_ATTACCO_TERRORISTICO_CBRNe [accessed Oct 3, 2017].

Scopo Analisi delle procedure e dei punti critici di un soccorso in caso di attacco terroristico , e le complicazioni che si hanno nella gestione del soccorso in caso di attacco non convenzionale con armi CBRNe o in caso di evento CBRNe Background: Un evento terroristico o un evento CBRNe richiede una risposta coordinata dell'itero sistema di soccorso, protocolli standardizzati interforze, personale altamente qualificato ed addestrato periodicamente, oltre ad un sistema di smistamento vittime tra ospedali ampiamente collaudato. la Hot-zone è una zona del crimine circoscritta dai primi soccorritori e deve essere controllata per prevenire la contaminazione delle prove da parte degli operatori e il trasporto della contaminazione al di fuori della zona controllata. In Italia, gli unici ad essere autorizzati al soccorso in zona rossa sono i Vigili del fuoco. Metodo e materiali: Studio ed analisi di "case reports" come le operazioni di soccorso alla "Costa Concordia&quo...

"The evidence, which has been studied in this dissertation, is one of the essential instruments of criminal justice. The issue was limited to obtaining evidence, and the problems concerning to this issue have been specified and some suggestions for these problems have been offered. Once the law of TCP (The Act of Turkish Criminal Procedure – 2005) 5271 numbered came into use and it provided some novelty to the evidence system in criminal justice. Thanks to the scientific and technical progress, lots of methods of collecting evidence such as biological evidence from living body and molecular genetics examines, recording private communication, observation by technical devices and secret investigation methods have been included in TCP. Some regulations were legislated for rules of evidence collection and they were made effective. The role of the public prosecutors in the criminal investigations became more effective to maintain fair trail and protect the rights of suspect. The rule of rejecting indictment aims at collecting evidence in the prosecution stage faster and more effectively. And collecting methods of evidence have become more significant by the rule of cross examination. However, still some evidence rules are existing in the other codes and this violates the unity of evidence rules. And the rule of “crime scene investigation” has not been identified completely in TCP. Despite some novelties brought by TCP, the constructions of prosecution and law enforcement units should be strengthened to apply this law efficiently. Key Words: Evidence, Obtaining Evidence, Proofing, Criminal Evidence, the Law of Evidence."

Scopo Analisi delle procedure e dei punti critici di un soccorso in caso di attacco terroristico , e le complicazioni che si hanno nella gestione del soccorso in caso di attacco non convenzionale con armi CBRNe o in caso di evento CBRNe Background: Un evento terroristico o un evento CBRNe richiede una risposta coordinata dell'itero sistema di soccorso, protocolli standardizzati interforze, personale altamente qualificato ed addestrato periodicamente, oltre ad un sistema di smistamento vittime tra ospedali ampiamente collaudato. la Hot-zone è una zona del crimine circoscritta dai primi soccorritori e deve essere controllata per prevenire la contaminazione delle prove da parte degli operatori e il trasporto della contaminazione al di fuori della zona controllata. In Italia, gli unici ad essere autorizzati al soccorso in zona rossa sono i Vigili del fuoco. Metodo e materiali: Studio ed analisi di "case reports" come le operazioni di soccorso alla "Costa Concordia&quo...

This was a conference presentation given at the Society for American Archaeology annual meeting on the results of the post-blast training course from 2012.  Due to the sensitivity of some of the images, I can not publicly post this presentation.