Gallbladder disease

3 Followers

Recent papers in Gallbladder disease

Top Papers
Most Cited Papers
Most Downloaded Papers
Newest Papers
People

Gallbladder Stones Analysis Using Pulsed UV Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

—A laser sensor based on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) was developed for analysis of human gallbladder stones specifically for determination of heavy metals. In addition to qualitative analysis, the concentrations of the heavy metals were determined in different gallbladder stones samples using LIBS technique for the spectral lines of Cr I at 425.4 nm, Pb I at 368.3 nm, Cd I at 291.5, Ni at I 361.9 nm and Hg I at 366.3 respectively. The limit of detection of our LIBS system was determined as well for these five elements. The concentrations of above mentioned elements detected with Our LIBS system were in good agreement with ICP-results. In addition, the plasma parameters like temperature and electron density were also estimated using the so called Boltzmann plot and Boltzmann distribution of upper energy levels and Stark broadening, respectively. The plasma temperature and electron density data for gallbladder stones was essential to testify that the laser induced plasma fulfils Local Thermal Equilibrium condition which is highly critical for the quantitative LIBS analysis.  Index Terms—laser technology and its applications, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, gallbladder stones analysis, toxic metals

Bookmark
Download

Gallbladder volvulus: A case report and review of the literature

Introduction: Gallbladder volvulus (GV) is a rare disease with less than 400 cases reported in the English literature. The pre-operative diagnosis of GV is difficult as none of the imaging modalities are accurate. Once diagnosed, the mainstay of treatment is emergency surgical derotation and cholecystectomy. Presentation of case: A 83-old lady presented with right upper quadrant pain and fever for 3 days. Abdominal imaging revealed the presence of a distended, floating gallbladder located outside its normal fossa with thickened non-enhancing wall and a twisted pedicle suggestive GV. The patient underwent emergency laparotomy because the laparoscopic approach was refused by the anesthetist due to the history of pulmonary emphysema. Intraoperatively, the gallbladder was found be gangrenous and rotated in anticlockwise direction around the cystic pedicle. The gallbladder was de-rotated followed by chole-cystectomy. Discussion: GV is an uncommon cause for abdominal pain and occurs due to rotation of gall bladder on its mesentery along the axis of the cystic duct and the cystic artery. Pre-operative diagnosis continues to be a major challenge with only 4 cases reported in the literature diagnosed with pre-operative imaging. This case is one of the rare cases diagnosed with pre-operative imaging. It is often misdiagnosed as acute cholecystitis before surgery. However, critical constellation of presenting signs and symptoms along with radiological findings may guide the surgeon to accurate and timely diagnosis of GV before surgical intervention. Conclusion: Although rare, it is important to consider GV as a differential diagnosis in an elderly patient with acute cholecystitis.

Bookmark
Download
- by Rahul Gupta
- •
- 2
  Gallbladder disease, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Clinical analysis of contributors to the delayed gallbladder opacification following the use of water-soluble contrast medium

Objectives: Gallbladder opacification (GBO) on computed tomography (CT) imaging may obscure certain pathological or emergent conditions in the gallbladder, such as neoplasms, stones, and hemorrhagic cholecystitis. This study aimed to investigate the clinical contributing factors that could predict the presence of delayed GBO determined by CT.
Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 243 consecutive patients who received enhanced CT or intravenous pyelography imaging and then underwent abdominal CT imaging within 5 days. According to the interval between imaging, the patients were divided into group A (1 day), group B (2 or 3 days), and group C (4 or 5 days). Three radiologists evaluated CT images to determine GBO. Fisher’s exact test and multivariate backward stepwise elimination logistic regression were performed.
Results: Positive GBO was significantly associated with the interval between imaging studies, contrast type, contrast volume, renal function, and hypertransaminasemia (P<0.05). Multivariate backward stepwise elimination logistic regression analysis of the three groups identified contrast type and hypertransaminasemia as independent predictors of GBO in group B patients (odds ratio [OR], 13.52, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72–106.38 and OR, 3.43, 95% CI, 1.31–8.98, respectively; P<0.05). Hypertransaminasemia was the only independent predictor of GBO in group C patients with an OR of 7.2 (95% CI, 1.62–31.73). Hypertransaminasemia was noted in three patients (100%) who initially underwent imaging 5 days prior to GBO.
Conclusion: Delayed GBO on CT imaging may be associated with laboratory hypertransaminasemia, particularly in patients receiving contrast medium over a period of $4 days. A detailed clinical history, physical examination, and further workup are of paramount importance for investigating the underlying cause behind the hypertransaminasemia.

Bookmark
Download
- by 郭集慶 Victor C Kok and +1
  Chi Juan
- •
- 3
  Gallbladder disease, Clinical Analysis, Contrast Medium

Gallbladder Stones Analysis Using Pulsed UV Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

A laser sensor based on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) was developed for analysis of human gallbladder stones specifically for determination of heavy metals. In addition to qualitative analysis, the concentrations of the heavy metals were determined in different gallbladder stones samples using LIBS technique for the spectral lines of Cr I at 425.4 nm, Pb I at 368.3 nm, Cd I at 291.5, Ni at I 361.9 nm and Hg I at 366.3 respectively. The limit of detection of our LIBS system was determined as well for these five elements. The concentrations of above mentioned elements detected with Our LIBS system were in good agreement with ICP-results. In addition, the plasma parameters like temperature and electron density were also estimated using the so called Boltzmann plot and Boltzmann distribution of upper energy levels and Stark broadening, respectively. The plasma temperature and electron density data for gallbladder stones was essential to testify that the laser induced plasm...

Bookmark
Download
- by Bilal Gondal
- •
- 6
  Gallbladder disease, Detection by LIBS, performance of LIBS, LIBS Application

Bile Salt Hydrophobicity Controls Vesicle Secretion Rates and Transformations In Native Bile

After drainage of the bile salt pool, we infused unanesthetized bile fistula prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) intravenously with taurine-conjugated chenodeoxycholate (TCDC), cholate (TC), ursodeoxycholate (TUDC), and ursocholate (TUC) in concentrations that attained greater than 94% enrichment of biliary bile salts. With decreases in bile salt hydrophobicity, maximum steady state lecithin and to a lesser extent cholesterol secretion rates decreased in the rank order, TCDC greater than TC greater than TUDC greater than TUC. By phase analysis, TCDC-rich and TC-rich biles plotted inside their respective micellar zones, whereas TUDC-rich and TUC-rich biles plotted outside and were so-called &amp;amp;quot;supersaturated&amp;amp;quot; with cholesterol. Quasi-elastic light scattering and electron microscopy, when performed within 30 min of collection, revealed unilamellar vesicles in all biles. By 24 h, vesicles in TCDC-rich and TC-rich biles had dissolved into mixed micelles, whereas vesicles in TUDC-rich biles formed mixed micelles plus multilamellar liquid crystals, and vesicles in TUC-rich biles formed multilamellar liquid crystals exclusively. Because cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratios of multilamellar liquid crystals were less than or equal to 1, cholesterol monohydrate crystals did not form in these biles. We conclude that, despite drastic alterations in bile salt detergency, unilamellar vesicles are the final common pathway for lecithin and cholesterol secretion into bile. During equilibration of bile, the fate of unilamellar vesicles may be micellar, micellar plus liquid crystalline, or liquid crystalline only depending on the detergency (i.e., hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance) of the secreted bile salt.

Bookmark
- by Leslie S Leighton MD PhD
- •
- Gallbladder disease

Gallbladder disease

Log In