Sustainable Energy Development,renewable Energy,development of Appropriate Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture

Energy availabilty is crucial for the economic growth of any nation in the world today. Access to clean, affordable and reliable energy are necessities
in achieving a sustainable development in the modern world. Energy poverty in a country can be said to be a situation where its citizens lack electric
power to meet even their own basic needs such as lighthing and cooking. Nigeria, as a country described as the “giant of Africa and the most populated
black nation in the world still faces the crisis of energy poverty. Nigeria is blessed with an abundant energy resources of both fossil fuels and renewable
energy (RE), but the main challege is the country’s inability to adequately and efficiently utilize these energy resources. This lack of efficent energy
utilization has led to the near depletion of the fossil fuel resources within the country’s boarder and the energy crisis afflicting Nigeria is expected to
be on the rise if the government does not act immediately by the diversification of country’s energy sources and exploit the abundant natural renewable
resources avaliable in the country. This paper reviews the standpoint of efficent energy management with strategic concentration on the demand side
energy savings and RE resource potential in Nigeria to ensure sustainable development. The energy situation in the country is reviewed with the
consumption parttern of the various fossil fuel resources in the country. The paper also examined the various RE potentials, locations and present
ways in which they can be harnessed for useful and uninterrupted energy supply. Some effective strategies and energy policy are presented in order
to overcome the energy poverty situation in Nigeria.

Malaysia has a good mix of energy resources like oil, natural gas, coal and renewable energies such as biomass, solar and hydro. In spite of this plenty of resources, the country is dependent on fossil fuel for industrial and transportation sector. In 2009, 94.5% of electricity is generated by using fossil fuel such as natural gas, coal, diesel oil and fuel oil. Until now, Malaysia stills a net energy exporter. Concerns about energy security, the fluctuation of crude oil price and climate change are driving significant changes in how energy and electricity specifically, is generated, transmitted and consumed in Malaysia. In this regard, renewable energy resources are becoming attractive for sustainable energy development in Malaysia. There is because renewable sources of energy are abundant in Malaysia, the significant ones being biomass and solar. This article presents a review of present energy situation and energy policies for the energy sector in Malaysia. Investigation of various renewable energy and examine the energy and environmental issues associated with this energy. The review of current usage of renewable energy sources and also its potential implementation are evaluated to provide solution for the national. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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