Trimester 3

Indonesian Minister of Health Decree No 450/MENKES/SK/VI/2004 to achieve optimal growth and development of infants,eclusive breastfeeding need to be given to newborn until the age six months and can be continued until children are 2 years old. The percentage of babies who were exclusively breastfed was relatively higher in rural areas compared to urban areas, at 57.22 % compared to 54.77 %. This study was to examine the effect of leaflet media on knowledge among pregnant women in the third trimester about exclusive breastfeeding to improve exclusive breastfeeding coverage in urban areas in experiment and control groups. This study was quasy-experiment by using pre-test and post-test with control group. A purposive sampling was conducted. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions regarding knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding , an independent t-test was conducted. The result showed that there was an effect of the Media leaflet on knowledge of Trimester III Pregnant Women about Exclusive ASI in both the experimental group (p<0.05) and in the control group (p<0.05). Media Leaflet as a media for health promotion give effect to the knowledge of Trimester III pregnant women.This media can be applied in the wider community, especially Trimester III Pregnant Women and as a reference for further research.

ASKEP KEHAMILAN FISIOLOGIS  Definisi dari masa kehamilan dimulai dari konsepsi sampai lahirnya janin. Lamanya hamil normal adalah 280 hari (40 minggu atau 9 bulan 7 hari) di hitung dari hari pertama haid terakhir.  Pembagian kehamilan dibagi dalam 3 trimester, yaitu : Trimester pertama dimulai dari konsepsi sampai 3 bulan (0-12 minggu); Trimester kedua dari bulan keempat sampai 6 bulan (13-28 minggu); Trimester ketiga dari bulan ketujuh sampai 9 bulan (29-42 minggu). Tanda Kehamilan 1. Mendeteksi Tanda Pasti Kehamilan Indikator pasti hamil adalah dengan pemeriksaan melalui USG yaitu Ultrasonografi yang akan menggambarkan adanya janin. 2. Mendeteksi Tanda Kemungkinan Hamil Indikator kemungkinan hamil adalah karakteristik fisik yang bisa dilihat atau diukur oleh pemeriksa dan lebih spesifik dalam hal psikologis yang disebabkan oleh kehamilan.  Reaksi kehamilan positif : dasar dari tes kehamilan adalah pemeriksaan hormon Choriorlik gonadotropin sub unit beta (beta heg) dalam urine.  Uterus membesar , mengalami perubahan bentuk, besar dan konsistensi rahim.  Tanda Hegar yaitu segmen bawah rahim melunak. Ditemukannya serviks dan isthmus uteri yang melunak usia kehamilan 4 sampai 6 minggu dan menjadi nyata pada minggu ke 7-8.  Tanda Chadwick. Biasanya muncul pada minggu kedelapan dan terlihat lebih jelas pada wanita yang hamil berulang. Tanda ini merupakan perubahan warna menjadi merah kebiruan yang terlihat pada portio, vagina, dan labia. Tanda ini terjadi karena adanya pelebaran vena akibat peningkatan kadar esterogen

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back. Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a sudden sharp feeling. This can be due to a combination of mechanical, hormonal, and psychosocial factors. These have a negative impact on their quality of life. Treatment options are often poor, as the cause of back pain is not always fully understood. Furthermore, treatments that are available usually have a low success rate and consist mainly of lifestyle adjustments and bed rest. Material and Methods: Two hundred and ten women were selected from the OPD of genecology and obstetrics department of Jinnah hospital Lahore for interview, a structured questionnaire was used for information, data entered in computer software SPSS version 22.0. A cross sectional survey was done. Participants of the study are 15 to 45 years old having established diagnosis of low back pain. Duration of the study was 3 months. Result: Among 210 females, 22.22% noted ongoing back pain at the time they became pregnant. 54% were multigravidas and 41% were grand multigravidas. In the latter group, 19% patients had backache before pregnancy and 81% had during pregnancy. No treatment was taken in 61% patients, rest in 19%, analgesic in 12% and light exercise by 9% patients. The present study revealed that backache is more prevalent in multigravidas, grand multigravidas and associated factors like weightlifting, heavy work, bending, standing posture etc. are main causes of backache. Analgesics are effective in relieving backache in pregnancy. The appropriate treatment aims to reduce the discomfort and the impact on the pregnant woman's quality of life. Conclusion: Back pain is a common problem in pregnant women and many factors contribute to it. About half of the patients are taking rest to treat LBP. It is advised that the patient should be given special advice regarding posture and exercise, training of health care provider, education of the pregnant during antenatal sessions, about proper nutrition, weight control, and family planning.