However, the pattern described by Pycraft (1903) can be found in species of Centropus, Crotophaginae, Phaenicophaeinae and Coccyzinae (Figures 15, 17, 18).
c) Contrary to Hughes' (2000) observations, Tapera and Dromococcyx are similar to Neomorphus and Morococcyx (Figures 10-13) in the form of the crista basilaris transversa (characters 33, 34 of Hughes), as are all other cuckoos except Geococcyx (Figures 4, 14), Crotophaginae, Carpococcyx and some species of Coua and Centropus;
Scientific name n Mass FMR FMR origin Bubalornis albirostris 405 75.4 199.4 269.4 A Bubulcus ibis 144 335 550.5 743.9 A Bucorvus abyssinicus 1 4000 2979.8 4026.8 A
Centropus senegalensis 14 170 346.8 468.7 A Chelictinia riocourii 110 257.9 348.5 A Ciconia ciconia 28 3473 2706.5 3657.4 P Circus aeruginosus 763 627.5 844.0 1140.6 P Circus pygargus 315.5 528.5 714.1 P Cisticola juncidis 662 7.7 42.2 57.0 A Cisticola sp.
In contrast, the five lowest bird densities in the open water body area was noted in Lesser Coucal - Centropus bengalensis (0.45 +- 0.23 birds/ha), Red Junglefowl - Gallus gallus (0.40 +- 0.17 birds/ha), Green Iora - Aegithina virdissima (0.32 +- 0.20 birds/ha), Purple Swamphen - Porphyrio porphyrio (0.30 +- 0.10 birds/ha) and Black-naped Oriole - Oriolus chinensis (0.27 +- 0.12 birds/ha).
On the contrary, the lowest bird densities were noted in Common Flameback - Dinopium javanense (0.38 +- 0.16 birds/ha), Red Junglefowl - Gallus gallus (0.34 +- 0.13 birds/ha), Black-shouldered Kite - Elanus caeruleus (0.27 +- 0.14 birds/ha), Purple Heron - Ardea purpurea (0.27 +- 0.13 birds/ha) and Greater Coucal - Centropus sinensis (0.25 +- 0.15 birds/ha) in the dryland habitat.
The bubut bird depicted here is thought by the Iban to call out to the souls of the dead in an attempt to persuade them not to cross over into the otherworld; hence, in the visible world, the call of the burung bubut (the common coucal,
Centropus sinensis Stephens) is said to signify that someone has just died.
Sex steroids in African black coucals,
Centropus grilli.
Records of the globally near-threatened Short-toed Coucal
Centropus rectunguis (BS) and Bornean Ground-cuckoo (4) Carpococcyx radiceus (BS) need confirmation.
(common yellow-bellied bat), Funambulus pennantii (palm squirrel), grey francolin, Streptopelia decaocto (Eurasian collared dove), Streptopelia tranquebarica (red-collared dove),Stigmatopelia senegalensis (laughing dove),
Centropus sinensis (greater coucal), Merops orientalis (little green bee-eater), Merops superciliosus (Madagascar bee-eater), Coracias benghalensis (Indian Roller), Pycnonotus leucogenys (Himalyan bulbul), Pycnonotus cafer (red-vented bulbul), Turdoides caudatus (common babbler), Lanius vittatus (bay backed shrike), Lanius schach (rufous- backed shrike), Dicrurus macrocercus (black drongo), Calotes versicolor (common tree lizard) and Acanthodactylus cantoris (blue-tail sand lizard).
