Cutaneous leukocytoclastic
angiitis and vasculitis associated with probable etiology were the frequent types.
Tumour-like mass lesion: An under-recognised presentation of primary
angiitis of the central nervous system.
Allergic granulomatosis and
angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome): report and analysis of 30 cases.
Patients typically present with fever, arthralgias or weight loss (61-78%), cutaneous manifestations (30-62%, mostly leukocytoclastic
angiitis), peripheral neuropathy (37-72%), pulmonary disease (25-55%, capillaritis reported in 12-55%) and most importantly, renal involvement, characterized by crescentic necrotizing glomerulonephritis (80-100%) (2).
Wali, "Frosted branch
angiitis, neuroretinitis as initial ocular manifestation in Behcet disease," Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, vol.
The similar pattern has been found in patients with cutaneous leukocytoclastic
angiitis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, and allergic vasculitis [91, 92].
Among the autoimmune disorders, Wegener's granulomatosis with
angiitis and rheumatoid disease is most commonly associated with cavitations [5, 30].
Mishra, "Acro-osteolysis and mononeuritis multiplex as a presenting symptom of systemic
angiitis of Wegener's type," Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, vol.
The final diagnosis was determined to be (tumefactive) cerebral amyloid angiopathy with
angiitis.
Although the majority of cases with STI are idiopathic, conditions like vasculitis, sickle cell disease, polycythemia, epididymitis, intimal fibroplasia of spermatic artery, hypersensitivity
angiitis, trauma, or prior testicular torsion can predispose to this condition.
An extended diagnostic procedure for vascular, toxic, metabolic, and infectious diseases should be performed carefully to avoid other etiologies which are not caused by thyroid dysfunctions such as autoimmune encephalopathy, infections of central nervous system, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Wernicke's encephalopathy, and CNS
angiitis [6].
Childhood CNS vasculitis (CPANS) which is also known as primary CNS
angiitis is one of the most important causes of acquired neurological deficits in children (60).
Microscopic brain tissue examination showed signs of acute granulomatous inflammation, multiple hemorrhagic infarctions, and
angiitis in the presence of numerous amebic trophozoites and cysts (Figure), which showed granulomatous hemorrhagic necrotic amebic meningoencephalitis.
Other rare causes of white matter hyperintensities include cerebral vasculitis, primary
angiitis, leucodystrophies, infective conditions such as Lyme disease and the neurosarcoidosis.
