2022 Chilean national plebiscite

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Chilean national plebiscite, 2022
Do you approve the text of the New Constitution proposed by the Constitutional Convention?
Location  Chile
Date 4 September 2022
Results by commune
  Yes
  No
Do you approve the text of the New Constitution proposed by the Constitutional Convention?
Approve
  
38.13%
Reject
  
61.87%

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. The 2022 Chilean national plebiscite was held on 4 September 2022,[1] in order to determine whether the public agreed with the text of a new Political Constitution of the Republic drawn up by the Constitutional Convention. It was commonly referred to as the "exit plebiscite" (plebiscito de salida).[2][3]

The proposed constitution, which had faced "intense criticism that it was too long, too left-leaning and too radical",[4] was rejected by a margin of 62% to 38%.[5][6]

Election date

File:Votación en el Estadio Nacional, Plebiscito Nacional de Chile 2022.jpg
The election at the National Stadium in Santiago.

According to the itinerary originally proposed for the constituent process, it was estimated that the plebiscite to approve or reject the text of the new Constitution would take place in September 2021, if the Constitutional Convention met its term of nine months and did not request the three-month extension, or in March 2022, if it requested such an extension.[7] In addition, the exit plebiscite could not be held 60 days before or after another election, nor could it be held in January or February, which would have placed it on the first Sunday in March if an extension were requested.[8][9]

As a result of the postponement of the first plebiscite to 25 October 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the date of the exit plebiscite was also modified. It was projected to take place during the third quarter of 2022, in September at the latest.[10] In April 2022, it was announced that the referendum would be held on 4 September.[1]

Format

Article 142 of the 1980 Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile indicates the text of the ballot in the plebiscite:[8]

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In the aforementioned plebiscite, the citizens will have an electoral card that will contain the following question ... : "Do you approve the text of the New Constitution proposed by the Constitutional Convention?". Under the question posed there will be two horizontal stripes, one next to the other. The first one will have the expression "Approve" at the bottom and the second one, the word "Reject", so that the voter can mark his preference over one of the alternatives.

— Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile of 1980, article 142

There is no contingency plan currently in place as to what will happen if the new constitution is rejected. Chilean human rights lawyer Dinka Benítez states that "given that 80 percent of those who voted in the plebiscite want a new constitution, it seems that Chile … will necessarily have to find a way to have a new constitution" in some form, and that a "reject" vote would not necessarily be a death knell for constitutional reform.[11]

New Political Constitution of the Republic

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Campaign and conduct

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.Al Jazeera reported on 6 August that the campaigning had so far been divisive and polarizing, with false information circulating about what the constitutional proposal actually contains.[12]

Party positions

Choice Parties Political orientation Leader Ref
YesY Approve 20x20px Apruebo Dignidad (AD) Progressivism Gabriel Boric [13]
20x20px Democratic Revolution (RD) Democratic socialism Juan Ignacio Latorre
20x20px Social Convergence (CS) Libertarian socialism Alondra Arellano
20x20px Commons Socialism of the 21st century Marco Velarde
Partido Comunista de Chile.svg Communist Party of Chile (PCCh) Communism Guillermo Teillier
20x20px Social Green Regionalist Federation (FREVS) Regionalism Flavia Torrealba Diaz
20x20px Humanist Action (AH) Humanism Tomás Hirsch
20x20px Unir Movement (UNIR) Progressivism Marcelo Díaz
Democratic Socialism (SD) Social democracy
20x20px Socialist Party of Chile (PS) Social democracy Paulina Vodanovic
20x20px Party for Democracy (PPD) Progressivism Natalia Piergentili
20x20px Radical Party of Chile (PR) Social liberalism Leonardo Cubillos
20x20px Liberal Party of Chile (PL) Social liberalism Vlado Mirosevic
20x20px Christian Democratic Party (PDC) Christian democracy Felipe Delpin [14]
Partido Humanista (corto).svg Humanist Party (PH) Universal humanism Natalia Ibáñez [15]
20x20px Green Ecologist Party (PEV) Green politics Félix González Gatica [16]
N Reject 20x20px Chile Vamos (ChV) Liberal conservatism [17]
20x20px Independent Democratic Union (UDI) Conservatism Javier Macaya
Logo del Partido político Renovación Nacional (RN), Chile.svg National Renewal (RN) Conservatism Francisco Chahuán
20x20px Political Evolution (Evópoli) Classical liberalism Luz Poblete Coddou
20x20px Republican Party (PLR) National conservatism Rojo Edwards [18]
20x20px Party of the People (PDG) Populism Franco Parisi [19]

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading option's color. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the options in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

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The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organizations.

Color key:

      Poll conducted after legal ban on opinion polls

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Results

File:Celebraciones por el triunfo del Rechazo a una Nueva Constitución en Chile, septiembre de 2022.jpg
Celebrations for the triumph of the Rejection of a New Constitution in Chile, 4 September 2022.

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Aftermath

Boric announced a new process for drafting a new constitution, with Al Jazeera writing, "Most Chileans and their politicians have agreed the constitution that dates from the dictatorship must change." Boric called on the heads of all political parties for a meeting on Monday, 5 September, to chart a path forward.[20] As a result of the rejection, the incumbent 1980 Constitution will remain in force, with The Guardian writing that "Chile's future looks decidedly uncertain," and that, "Boric has expressed a willingness to repeat the constitutional process, but the basis for reform is still very much up for debate."[21] Colombian president Gustavo Petro lamented the win of the rejection vote, considering that Chile had decided to "revive Augusto Pinochet".[22]

The Economist considered that "common sense" had led Chileans to reject the proposed constitution, it also called the result a "blow" for the government of Gabriel Boric.[23]

In the aftermath of the plebiscite the internal division that the Christian Democratic Party's official support for the "Approve" option had created resurfaced, with various calls for a renewed leadership, and some calling for the explusion of members who had supported the "Reject" option.[24]

References

Opinion poll sources
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