Atlanta Crackers

This article is about the minor league team. For the Negro league team, see Atlanta Black Crackers.

Atlanta Crackers 1884–1965 (1884–1886, 1889, 1892–1898, 1902–1965) Atlanta, Georgia
Class-level
Previous	Class AAA (1962–1965) Class AA (1946–1961) Class A1 (1936–1945) Class A (1902–1935) Class B (1886, 1892–1896)
Minor league affiliations
League	International League (1962–1965)
Previous leagues	Southern Association (1902–1961) Southern League (1898) Southeastern League (1897) Southern Association (1892–1896) Southern League (1889) Southern Association (1886) Southern League (1885) Georgia State League (1884)
Major league affiliations
Previous	Milwaukee Braves (1965) Minnesota Twins (1964) St. Louis Cardinals (1962–1963) Los Angeles Dodgers (1960–1961) Boston/Milwaukee Braves (1950–1959)
Minor league titles
Dixie Series titles (2)	1938 1954
League titles (7)	1935 1938 1946 1954 1956 1957 1962
Pennants (21)	1885 1886 1895 1907 1909 1913 1917 1919 1925 1935 1936 1938 1941 1944 1945 1946 1950 1954 1956 1957 1960
Team data
Previous names	Atlanta Crackers (1903–1965) Atlanta Colts (1898) Atlanta Crackers (1895–1897) Atlanta Atlantas (1894) Atlanta Windjammers (1893) Atlanta Firecrackers (1892) Atlanta (1889) Atlanta Atlantas (1885–1886) Atlanta (1884)
Previous parks	Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium (1965) Ponce de Leon Park (1906–1964) Brisbane Park (1896) Athletic Grounds (1895)

The Atlanta Crackers were minor league baseball teams based in Atlanta, between 1901 and 1965. The Crackers were Atlanta's home team until the Atlanta Braves moved from Milwaukee in 1966.

History

For 60 years (until 1961), the Crackers were part of the Class AA Southern Association, a period during which they won more games than any other Association team, earning the nickname the "Yankees of the Minors". In 1962, the Association disbanded. Then, the former Miami Marlins, a Class AAA International League team that had spent 1961 playing in San Juan, Puerto Rico, and Charleston, West Virginia, moved to Atlanta and adopted the name "Crackers."

Ball parks

The Crackers played in Ponce de Leon Park from 1907 until a fire on September 9, 1923, destroyed the all-wood stadium. Spiller Field (a stadium later also called Ponce de Leon Park), became their home starting in the 1924 season; it was named in honor of a wealthy businessman who paid for the new concrete-and-steel stadium. That new park was unusual because it was constructed around a magnolia tree that became part of the outfield. Balls landing in the tree remained in play, until Earl Mann took over the team in 1947 and had the outfield wall moved in about fifty feet. The Crackers played their last season in the newly built Atlanta Stadium (later known as Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium).

League affiliations

The Crackers were independent of major league farm systems until 1950. They then became a AA affiliate of the Boston Braves/Milwaukee Braves (1950–58) and Los Angeles Dodgers (1959–61) during the last decade of the Southern Association's existence. As an International League team, they were the top affiliate of the St. Louis Cardinals (1962–63), Minnesota Twins (1964) and the Braves again (1965). The team then played in Richmond, Virginia, in the International League as the Braves' Class AAA farm team, the Richmond Braves, through the 2008 season. The team moved to newly built Coolray Field in Lawrenceville, Georgia, in Gwinnett County, Georgia, northeast of Atlanta, in 2009 and now plays as the Gwinnett Braves, thus marking a homecoming of sorts. The close proximity of the Class AAA and MLB clubs makes for a near zero delay when players are called up or sent down.

Origin of the team's name

According to Tim Darnell, who wrote The Crackers: Early Days of Atlanta Baseball, the origins of the team name is unknown.

Darnell cites several possibilities as to why this name was chosen:

• A term that means a poor, white southerner
• Someone who is quick and efficient at a task
• In reference to plowboys who cracked the whip over animals
• A shortened version of "Atlanta Firecrackers", the earlier 1892 minor league team

However, this list does not represent the most likely origins of the name. The term cracker is derived from the Gaelic craic, meaning entertaining conversation or boasting, with the latter sense still attested in the idiom "not all [subject]'s cracked up to be." It was used in the 18th century to denote Irish and Scottish colonists of the Deep South backcountry. The Earl of Dartmouth had this to say in a 1766 correspondence: "I should explain to your Lordship what is meant by Crackers; a name they have got from being great boasters; they are a lawless set of rascalls on the frontiers of Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia, who often change their places of abode."

During the period of Reconstruction following the American Civil War, there was also a political party of the same name. Organized in Augusta, Georgia, this party's platform was one of "opposition to Catholics and segregation of blacks".

While now sometimes used as a derogatory term for a white southerner that promotes racism, it is also used as a term of pride by some white southerners to indicate one that is descended from those original settlers of the area.

Notable players

File:Joe Agler.jpg

Joe Agler in uniform for the Atlanta Crackers in 1912

• Luke Appling, a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame who later played for the Chicago White Sox.
• Ralph "Country" Brown (1947–52), member of the 1950 Southern Association championship team, later played for the Chattanooga Lookouts (1952–57).
• Bruce Barmes, multiple All-Star and League Champion in minor leagues; uncle of San Diego Padres shortstop Clint Barmes
• Leo Cristante, a pitcher who went on to play for the Detroit Tigers and manage baseball teams in both Mexico and Montreal.
• Art Fowler, longtime major league pitcher and pitching coach.
• Lloyd Gearhart, who later played with the New York Giants.
• Billy Goodman (1944&46), a lifetime major league .300 hitter who won the 1950 American League batting title.
• Eddie Mathews, a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame
• Tim McCarver, who went on to become a catcher for the St. Louis Cardinals.
• Bob Montag, who hit 113 home runs, the most of any Cracker and the second-most in Association history.
• King Carl Morris, (Cedartown, Georgia) Pitcher for Atlanta Crackers (1928–1930's) Atlanta, Georgia.
• Ollie O'Mara, shortstop for the Brooklyn Robins and one-time oldest living Brooklyn Dodger.
• Nat Peeples, the only African-American player in the Southern Association (1954).
• Paul Richards, a catcher and later catcher-manager with the Crackers in the 1930s
• Chuck Tanner, better known as the manager of four different major league teams during the 1970s and 1980s.
• Charley Trippi, former member of the NFL's Chicago Cardinals and a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame played one season in 1947.

Play-by-play announcer Ernie Harwell called Cracker games on the radio from 1943 to 1949 before being traded to Brooklyn Dodgers for catcher Cliff Dapper, the only time an announcer has been traded for a player.