Borophagina
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(tribe) †Borophagina
X. Wang, 1999
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Borophagina is a hypocarnivorous subfamily or clade of Borophaginae, a group of terrestrial canines which inhabited most of North America during the Hemingfordian stage of the Early Miocene subepoch to the Zanclean stage of the Pliocene epoch 20.6—3.6 Mya existing approximately 17 million years.[1]
Taxonomy
Borophagina, like other Borophaginae, were a short-faced, heavy-jawed canine usually massive in size. They were primarily carnivores but dentition demonstrates omnivore traits. These animals were actively mobile. Reproduction was viviparous[2] [3]
Clade
Members of this clade are Paratomarctus Carpocyon, Protepicyon, Epicyon, and Borophagus.
Subtaxa and sister taxa
Subtaxa are: Borophagus; (syn. Hyaenognathus, Osteoborus, Pliogulo, Porthocyon), Carpocyon, Epicyon, Paratomarctus, and Protepicyon. Sister taxa are: Aelurodontina and Cynarctina.
References
- ↑ PaleoBiologogy Database: Borophagina: Age range and collections
- ↑ Nowak, R. M., Walker's Mammals of the World. Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II, 1991
- ↑ Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora, Canidae). Bulletin of the AMNH; no. 243, Wang, Tedford, Taylor.
