Camden, New Jersey

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Camden, New Jersey
City
City of Camden
Camden City Hall
Camden City Hall
Motto: In a Dream, I Saw a City Invincible[1]
Map of Camden in Camden County. Inset: Location of Camden County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Map of Camden in Camden County. Inset: Location of Camden County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Camden, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Camden, New Jersey
Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.[2][3]
Country  United States
State  New Jersey
County Camden
Settled 1626
Incorporated February 13, 1828
Named for Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden
Government[8]
 • Type Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
 • Body City Council
 • Mayor Dana Redd (term ends December 31, 2017)[4][5]
 • Administrator Christine T. J. Tucker[6]
 • Clerk Luis Pastoriza[7]
Area[2]
 • Total 10.341 sq mi (26.784 km2)
 • Land 8.921 sq mi (23.106 km2)
 • Water 1.420 sq mi (3.677 km2)  13.73%
Area rank 208th of 566 in state
7th of 37 in county[2]
Elevation[9] 16 ft (5 m)
Population (2010 Census)[10][11][12][13]
 • Total 77,344
 • Estimate (2014)[14] 77,332
 • Rank 12th of 566 in state
1st of 37 in county[15]
 • Density 8,669.6/sq mi (3,347.4/km2)
 • Density rank 42nd of 566 in state
2nd of 37 in county[15]
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 08100-08105[16][17]
Area code(s) 856[18]
FIPS code 3400710000[2][19][20]
GNIS feature ID 0885177[2][21]
Website www.ci.camden.nj.us

Camden is a city in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. It is the county seat,[22][23] located directly across the Delaware River from Philadelphia. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 77,344,[10][12][13] representing a decline of 2,560 (3.2%) from the 79,904 residents enumerated during the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 7,588 (8.7%) from the 87,492 counted in the 1990 Census.[24] Camden ranked as the 12th-most populous municipality in the state in 2010 after having been ranked 10th in 2000.[11]

Camden was originally incorporated as a city on February 13, 1828, from portions of the now-defunct Newton Township, while the area was still part of Gloucester County. On March 13, 1844, Camden became part of the newly formed Camden County.[25] The city derives its name from Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden.[26][27]

Three of Camden's mayors have been jailed for corruption, the most recent being Milton Milan in 2000.[28] From 2005 to 2012, the school system and police department were operated by the state of New Jersey.

Camden public schools spent $23,770 per student ($19,118 on a budgetary per-pupil basis) in the 2009–10 school year[29] In 2012, the city's graduation rate fell to 49%, well below the state average of 86%,[30] and the national average of 93%.[31] In 2012, 3 out of 882 SAT test-takers were scored "college-ready", defined as a combined score of 1550 or higher on the three sections of the test, a standard met by 43% of students taking the exam nationwide.[32] Among residents, 40% are below the national poverty line.[33]

Camden had the highest crime rate in the United States in 2012, with 2,566 violent crimes for every 100,000 people,[34] which is 6.6 times higher than the national average of 387 violent crimes per 100,000 citizens.[35]

History

Early history

Fort Nassau (located within the present boundaries of nearby Gloucester City, New Jersey), was built by the Dutch West India Company in 1626, and was the first European attempt to settle the area now occupied by Camden. Initial European activity in the vicinity of present-day Camden occurred along the banks of the Delaware River where the Dutch and the Swedish vied for control of the local fur trade. Europeans continued to settle in and improve the area throughout the 17th century. Much of the growth directly resulted from the success of another Quaker colony across the Delaware River known as Philadelphia, which was founded in 1682 and soon had enough population to attract a brisk trade from West Jersey and Camden. To accommodate the trade across the river, a string of ferries began operation.[36]

19th century

For over 150 years, Camden served as a secondary economic and transportation hub for the Philadelphia area. But that status began to change in the early 19th century. One of the U.S.'s first railroads, the Camden and Amboy Railroad, was chartered in Camden in 1830. The Camden and Amboy Railroad allowed travelers to travel between New York City and Philadelphia via ferry terminals in South Amboy, New Jersey and Camden. The railroad terminated on the Camden waterfront, and passengers were ferried across the Delaware River to their final Philadelphia destination. The Camden and Amboy Railroad opened in 1834 and helped to spur an increase in population and commerce in Camden.[37]

Walt Whitman House, Camden, New Jersey

Horse ferries, or team boats served Camden in the early 1800s. They stopped for an hour at lunch time to feed the horses.[38] The Ridgeway was a double team boat, propelled by nine horses walking around a circle. She ran from the foot of Cooper Street. There was also a team boat named the Washington; she ran from Market Street, Camden, to Market Street, Philadelphia. Other team boats followed in succession, namely the Phoenix, Constitution, Moses Lancaster, and Independence.[39] The Cooper's Ferry Daybook, 1819–1824, documenting Camden's Point Pleasant Teamboat, survives to this day.[40]

Originally a suburban town with ferry service to Philadelphia, Camden evolved into its own city, as industry and neighborhoods grew. Like other industrial towns, Camden prospered during strong periods of manufacturing demand and faced distress during periods of economic dislocation.[41]

Remarks from FDR 1944 Camden visit

Like most American cities, Camden suffered from decline in the 20th century as the manufacturing base and many residents moved out to other locations. Currently, government, education, and health care are the three biggest employers in Camden; however, most employees commute to Camden and live in nearby suburbs such as Cherry Hill. Revitalization has occurred along the Camden Waterfront and in the neighborhoods of Cooper Grant, Cramer Hill, and Fairview, with direct access to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Industrial history

From 1901 through 1929, Camden was headquarters of the Victor Talking Machine Company, and thereafter to its successor RCA Victor, the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs and phonograph records for the first two-thirds of the 20th century.[42] Victor contained some of the first commercial recording studios in the United States, where Enrico Caruso, among others, recorded. General Electric reacquired RCA and the Camden factory in 1986.[43]

In 1992, the state of New Jersey under the Florio administration made an agreement with GE to ensure that GE would not close the Camden site. The state of New Jersey would build a new high-tech facility on the site of the old Campbell Soup Company factory and trade these new buildings to GE for the existing old RCA Victor Buildings. Later, the new high tech buildings would be sold to Martin Marietta. In 1994, Martin Marietta merged with Lockheed to become Lockheed Martin. In 1997, Lockheed Martin divested the Camden Plant as part of the birth of L-3 Communications.[44]

The Nipper Building

The "Nipper Building" depicting RCA Victor's famous "His Master's Voice" trademark in its tower windows has since been renovated into a luxury apartment building called "The Victor". Building 8 is set to be rehabilitated into luxury condominiums called "Radio Lofts". Both projects are the work of Dranoff Properties, a Philadelphia development corporation that has specialized in these types of constructions.[45] Another older building, Victor Building No. 2, is used to this day to house the Camden City Board of Education. Most of the other old RCA Victor buildings have long since been demolished.

From 1899 to 1967, Camden was the home of New York Shipbuilding Corporation, which at its World War II peak was the largest and most productive shipyard in the world.[46] Notable naval vessels built at New York Ship include the ill-fated cruiser USS Indianapolis and the aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk. In 1962, the first commercial nuclear-powered ship, the NS Savannah, was launched in Camden.[47] The Fairview Village section of Camden (initially Yorkship Village) is a planned European-style garden village that was built by the Federal government during World War I to house New York Shipbuilding Corporation workers.[48]

At Camden's peak, 12,000 workers were employed at RCA,[49] while another 30,000 worked at New York Shipbuilding.[50] RCA had 23 out of 25 of its factories inside Camden. Campbell Soup was also a major employer.[51] By 1969, Camden had been losing jobs and residents for a quarter century due in large part to urban decay, highway construction, and racial tensions.[52]

In his book Capital Moves: RCA's Seventy-Year Quest for Cheap Labor, Jefferson Cowie mentions that Camden in the 1920s was known as "the Citadel of Republicanism".[53]

On June 6, 1933, the city hosted the first drive-in movie.[54][55]

Second half of the 20th century

After years of economic and industrial growth, the city of Camden faced years of rising crime and blight. On September 6, 1949, mass murderer Howard Unruh went on a killing spree in his Camden neighborhood in which he killed thirteen people. Unruh, who was convicted and subsequently confined to a state psychiatric facility, died on October 19, 2009.[56]

Rutgers University absorbed the former College of South Jersey to create Rutgers University–Camden in 1950.[57]

Sections of downtown were looted and torched after racial riots occurred following the beating and death of a Puerto Rican motorist by city police in August 1971.[58]

The Camden 28 were a group of anti-Vietnam War activists who, in 1971, planned and executed a raid on the Camden draft board, resulting in a high-profile trial against the activists that was seen by many as a referendum on the Vietnam War in which 17 of the defendants were acquitted by a jury even though they admitted having participated in the break-in.[59]

The station for the RiverLINE (which opened in 2004) at the Walter Rand Transportation Center in central Camden is located where the RiverLINE intersects with the PATCO High Speed Line and 19 New Jersey Transit bus lines. Cooper University Hospital is visible in the background.

In 1996, Governor of New Jersey Christine Todd Whitman frisked Sherron Rolax, a 16-year-old African-American youth, an event which was captured in an infamous photograph. Rolax alleged his civil rights were violated and sued the state of New Jersey.[60]

In 1999, Camden was selected as the location for the USS New Jersey (BB-62).[61] That ship remains in Camden.

In response to the 2000 Republican National Convention in Philadelphia, various strip clubs, hotels, and other businesses along Admiral Wilson Boulevard were torn down in 1999, and a park that once existed along the road was replenished.[62]

In 2004, conversion of the RCA Nipper Building to The Victor, an upscale apartment building was completed.[63] The same year, the River LINE, between the Entertainment Center at the Waterfront in Camden and the Transit Center in Trenton, was opened, with a stop directly across from the RCA Nipper Building.

The same year, Cooper University Hospital began a large scale expansion in an attempt to create a regional health center in Camden. The main building is a block away from the Walter Rand Transportation Center.

In 2010, massive police corruption was exposed that resulted in the convictions of several policemen, dismissals of 185 criminal cases, and lawsuit settlements totaling $3.5 million that were paid to 88 victims.[64][65][66] The current Camden Police Chief is John Scott Thomson.[67]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 10.341 square miles (26.784 km2), including 8.921 square miles (23.106 km2) of land and 1.420 square miles (3.677 km2) of water (13.73%).[2][3]

Camden borders Collingswood, Gloucester City, Haddon Township, Pennsauken Township and Woodlynne. Just offshore of Camden is Pettys Island, which is part of Pennsauken Township.

Camden contains the United States' first federally funded planned community for working class residents, Yorkship Village (now called Fairview).[68] The village was designed by Electus Darwin Litchfield, who was influenced by the "garden city" developments popular in England at the time.[69]

Neighborhoods

Camden has more than 20 generally recognized neighborhoods:[70][71][72][73]

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Port

Situated on the Delaware River, with access to the Atlantic Ocean, the Port of Camden handles breakbulk and bulk cargo. The port consists of two terminals: the Beckett Street Terminal and the Broadway Terminal. The port receives hundreds of ships moving international and domestic cargo annually.[74]

In 2005, the Port of Camden (South Jersey Port Corporation) was subject to an unresolved criminal investigation[75] and a state audit.[76] Some activities in the port are under the jurisdiction of the Delaware River Port Authority.

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1840 3,371 —
1850 9,479 181.2%
1860 14,358 51.5%
1870 20,045 39.6%
1880 41,659 107.8%
1890 58,313 40.0%
1900 75,935 30.2%
1910 94,538 24.5%
1920 116,309 23.0%
1930 118,700 2.1%
1940 117,536 −1.0%
1950 124,555 6.0%
1960 117,159 −5.9%
1970 102,551 −12.5%
1980 84,910 −17.2%
1990 87,492 3.0%
2000 79,318 −9.3%
2010 77,344 −2.5%
Est. 2014 77,332 [14][77] 0.0%
Population sources: 1840–2000[78][79]
1840–1920[80] 1840[81] 1850–1870[82]
1850[83] 1870[84] 1880–1890[85]
1890–1910[86] 1840–1930[87]
1930–1990[88] 2000[89][90][91] 2010[10][11][12][13]
Demographic profile 2010[10] 1990[92] 1970[92] 1950[92]
White 17.6% 19.0% 59.8% 85.9%
 —Non-Hispanic 4.9% 14.4% 52.9% N/A
Black or African American 48.1% 56.4% 39.1% 14.0%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 47.0% 31.2% 7.6% N/A
Asian 2.1% 1.3% 0.2% —

As of 2006, 52% of the city's residents lived in poverty, one of the highest rates in the nation.[93] The city had a median household income of $18,007, the lowest of all U.S. communities with populations of more than 65,000 residents, making it America's poorest city.[94] A group of poor Camden residents were the subject of a 20/20 special on poverty in America broadcast on January 26, 2007, in which Diane Sawyer profiled the lives of three young children growing up in Camden.[95] A follow-up was shown on November 9, 2007.[96]

In 2011, Camden's unemployment rate was 19.6%, compared with 10.6% in Camden County as a whole.[97] As of 2009, the unemployment rate in Camden was 19.2%, compared to the 10% overall unemployment rate for Burlington, Camden and Gloucester counties and a rate of 8.4% in Philadelphia and the four surrounding counties in Southeastern Pennsylvania.[98]

2010 Census

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 77,344 people, 24,475 households, and 16,912 families residing in the city. The population density was 8,669.6 per square mile (3,347.4/km2). There were 28,358 housing units at an average density of Lua error in Module:Convert at line 272: attempt to index local 'cat' (a nil value).. The racial makeup of the city was 17.59% (13,602) White, 48.07% (37,180) Black or African American, 0.76% (588) Native American, 2.12% (1,637) Asian, 0.06% (48) Pacific Islander, 27.57% (21,323) from other races, and 3.83% (2,966) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 47.04% (36,379) of the population.[10] The Hispanic population of 36,379 was the tenth-highest of any municipality in New Jersey and the proportion of 47.0% was the state's 16th-highest percentage.[99][100] The Puerto Rican population was 30.7%.[10]

There were 24,475 households, of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 22.3% were married couples living together, 37.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.9% were non-families. 24.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.02 and the average family size was 3.56.[10]

In the city, 31.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 13.1% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 7.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.5 years. For every 100 females there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males.[10]

The city of Camden was 47% Hispanic of any race, 44% non-Hispanic black, 6% non-Hispanic white, and 3% other. Camden is predominately populated by African Americans and Puerto Ricans.[10]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $27,027 (with a margin of error of +/- $912) and the median family income was $29,118 (+/- $1,296). Males had a median income of $27,987 (+/- $1,840) versus $26,624 (+/- $1,155) for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,807 (+/- $429). About 33.5% of families and 36.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50.3% of those under age 18 and 26.2% of those age 65 or over.[101]

2000 Census

As of the 2000 United States Census[19] there were 79,904 people, 24,177 households, and 17,431 families residing in the city. The population density was 9,057.0 people per square mile (3,497.9/km²). There were 29,769 housing units at an average density of 3,374.3 units per square mile (1,303.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 16.84% White, 53.35% African American, 0.54% Native American, 2.45% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 22.83% from other races, and 3.92% from two or more races. 38.82% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.[89][90][91]

There were 24,177 households out of which 42.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26.1% were married couples living together, 37.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 22.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.52 and the average family size was 4.00.[89][90][91]

In the city, the population is quite young with 34.6% under the age of 18, 12.0% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 7.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27 years. For every 100 females there were 94.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males.[89][90][91]

The median income for a household in the city was $23,421, and the median income for a family was $24,612. Males had a median income of $25,624 versus $21,411 for females. The per capita income for the city is $9,815. 35.5% of the population and 32.8% of families were below the poverty line. 45.5% of those under the age of 18 and 23.8% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.[89][90][91]

In the 2000 Census, 30.85% of Camden residents identified themselves as being of Puerto Rican heritage. This was the third-highest proportion of Puerto Ricans in a municipality on the United States mainland, behind only Holyoke, Massachusetts and Hartford, Connecticut, for all communities in which 1,000 or more people listed an ancestry group.[102]

Economy

Entrance to Campbell Soup Company headquarters in Camden.

About 45% of employment in Camden is in the "eds and meds" sector, providing educational and medical institutions.[103]

Largest employers

Urban enterprise zone

Portions of Camden are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3½% sales tax rate (versus the 7% rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants.[104]

Redevelopment

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See also: List of tallest buildings in Camden
Camden suffers from unemployment, urban decay, poverty, and many other social issues.

Campbell Soup Company has decided to go forward with a scaled down redevelopment of the area around its corporate headquarters in Camden, including an expanded corporate headquarters.[105] In June 2012, Campbell Soup Company acquired the 4-acre (1.6 ha) site of the vacant Sears building located near its corporate offices, where the company Campbell plans to construct the Gateway Office Park, and razed the Sears building after receiving approval from the city government and the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.[106]

Cherokee Investment Partners had a plan to redevelop north Camden with 5,000 new homes and a shopping center on 450 acres (1.8 km2). Cherokee dropped their plans in the face of local opposition and the slumping real estate market.[107][108][109]

In 2014 Lockheed Martin, Holt Logistics, Subaru of America, Holtec International and the Philadelphia 76ers announced plans to open facilities in the city.[110][111][112] [113][114] They are among several companies have received New Jersey Economic Development Authority (EDA) tax incentives to relocate to maintain jobs in the city.[115][116]

Government

Federal Courthouse in Camden

Camden has historically been a stronghold of the Democratic Party. Voter turnout is very low; approximately 19% of Camden's voting age population participated in the 2005 gubernatorial election.[117]

Local government

File:Camden city hall.jpg
Camden's City Hall opened in 1931.

Since July 1, 1961, the city has operated within the Faulkner Act, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, under a Mayor-Council form of government.[8] Under this form of government, the City Council consisted of seven Council members originally all elected at-large. In 1994, the City divided the city into four council districts, instead of electing the entire Council at-large, with a single council member elected from each of the four districts. In 1995, the elections were changed from a partisan vote to a non-partisan system.[118]

Mayor Milton Milan was jailed for his connections to organized crime. On June 15, 2001, he was sentenced to serve seven years in prison on 14 counts of corruption, including accepting mob payoffs and concealing a $65,000 loan from a drug kingpin.[28]

As of 2015, the Mayor of Camden is Dana Redd, who was re-elected to a second term in office in 2013.[4][119] She is a member of the Mayors Against Illegal Guns Coalition,[120] a bi-partisan group with a stated goal of "making the public safer by getting illegal guns off the streets." The Coalition is chaired by former Mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg and the now-deceased Boston Mayor Thomas Menino. Members of the City Council are Council President Francisco Moran (2015; Ward 3), Vice President Curtis Jenkins (2017; at large), Arthur Barclay (2017; at large), Dana M. Burley (2015; Ward 1), Brian K. Coleman (2015; Ward 2), Luis A. Lopez (2015; Ward 4) and Marilyn Torres (2017; at large).[121][122]

Federal, state and county representation

Camden is located in the 1st Congressional District[123] and is part of New Jersey's 5th state legislative district.[12][124][125]

New Jersey's First Congressional District is represented by Donald Norcross (D, Camden).[126] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Cory Booker (D, Newark, term ends 2021)[127] and Bob Menendez (D, Paramus, 2019).[128][129]

For the 2014-2015 Session, the 5th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Nilsa Cruz-Perez (D, Camden, serving the unexpired term of Donald Norcross until November 2015)[130] and in the General Assembly by Angel Fuentes (D, Camden) and Gilbert "Whip" Wilson (D, Camden).[131] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[132] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[133]

Camden County is governed by a Board of Chosen Freeholders, whose seven members chosen at-large in partisan elections to three-year terms office on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats coming up for election each year.[134] As of 2015, Camden County's Freeholders are Freeholder Director Louis Cappelli, Jr. (Collingswood, term as freeholder ends December 31, 2017; term as director ends 2015),[135] Freeholder Deputy Director Edward T. McDonnell (Pennsauken Township, term as freeholder ends 2016; term as deputy director ends 2015),[136] Michelle Gentek (Gloucester Township, 2015),[137] Ian K. Leonard (Camden, 2015),[138] Jeffrey L. Nash (Cherry Hill, 2015),[139] Carmen Rodriguez (Merchantville, 2016)[140] and Jonathan L. Young, Sr. (Berlin Township, November 2015; serving the unexpired term of Scot McCray ending in 2017)[141][142][143]

Camden County's constitutional officers, all elected directly by voters, are County clerk Joseph Ripa,[144] Sheriff Charles H. Billingham,[145] and Surrogate Patricia Egan Jones.[143][146] The Camden County Prosecutor Mary Eva Colalillo was appointed by the Governor of New Jersey with the advice and consent of the New Jersey Senate (the upper house of the New Jersey Legislature).[147]

Political corruption

Three Camden mayors have been jailed for corruption: Angelo Errichetti, Arnold Webster, and Milton Milan.[148]

In 1981, Errichetti was convicted with three other individuals for accepting a $50,000 bribe from FBI undercover agents in exchange for helping a non-existent Arab sheikh enter the United States.[149] The FBI scheme was part of the Abscam operation. The 2013 film American Hustle is a fictionalized portrayal of this scheme.[150]

In 1999, Webster, who was previously the superintendent of Camden City Public Schools, pleaded guilty to illegally paying himself $20,000 in school district funds after he became mayor.[151]

In 2000, Milan was sentenced to more than six years in federal prison for accepting payoffs from associates of Philadelphia organized crime boss Ralph Natale,[152] soliciting bribes and free home renovations from city vendors, skimming money from a political action committee, and laundering drug money.[153]

The Courier-Post dubbed former State Senator Wayne R. Bryant, who represented the state's 5th Legislative District from 1995 to 2008, the "king of double dipping" for accepting no-show jobs in return for political benefits.[154] In 2009, Bryant was sentenced to four years in federal prison for funneling $10.5 million to the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ) in exchange for a no-show job and accepting fraudulent jobs to inflate his state pension and was assessed a fine of $25,000 and restitution to UMDNJ in excess of $110,000.[155] In 2010, Bryant was charged with an additional 22 criminal counts of bribery and fraud, for taking $192,000 in false legal fees in exchange for backing redevelopment projects in Camden, Pennsauken Township and the New Jersey Meadowlands between 2004 and 2006.[156]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 43,893 registered voters in Camden, of which 17,403 (39.6%) were registered as Democrats, 885 (2.0%) were registered as Republicans and 25,601 (58.3%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 4 voters registered to other parties.[157]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 96.8% of the vote (22,254 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 3.0% (683 votes), and other candidates with 0.2% (57 votes), among the 23,230 ballots cast by the city's 47,624 registered voters (236 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 48.8%.[158][159] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 91.1% of the vote (22,197 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain, who received around 5.0% (1,213 votes), with 24,374 ballots cast among the city's 46,654 registered voters, for a turnout of 52.2%.[160] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 84.4% of the vote (15,914 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush, who received around 12.6% (2,368 votes), with 18,858 ballots cast among the city's 37,765 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 49.9.[161]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 79.9% of the vote (6,680 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 18.8% (1,569 votes), and other candidates with 1.4% (116 votes), among the 9,796 ballots cast by the city's 48,241 registered voters (1,431 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 20.3%.[162][163] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 85.6% of the vote (8,700 ballots cast), ahead of both Republican Chris Christie with 5.9% (604 votes) and Independent Chris Daggett with 0.8% (81 votes), with 10,166 ballots cast among the city's 43,165 registered voters, yielding a 23.6% turnout.[164]

Transportation

Roads and highways

File:Ben Franklin Bridge at sunrise 2009-09-02 06-08-46 4w.jpg
The Ben Franklin Bridge at sunrise, connecting Camden, at right, to Philadelphia.

As of May 2010, the city had a total of 181.92 miles (292.77 km) of roadways, of which 147.54 miles (237.44 km) were maintained by the municipality, 25.39 miles (40.86 km) by Camden County, 6.60 miles (10.62 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 2.39 miles (3.85 km) by the Delaware River Port Authority.[165]

Interstate 676[166] and U.S. Route 30 runs through Camden to the Benjamin Franklin Bridge on the north side of the city. Interstate 76 passes through briefly and interchanges with Interstate 676.

Route 168 passes through briefly in the south, and County Routes 537, 543, 551 and 561 all travel through the heart of the city.

Public transportation

The River Line (New Jersey Transit) at Walter Rand – a light rail system connecting Camden to Trenton.

New Jersey Transit's Walter Rand Transportation Center is located at Martin Luther King Boulevard and Broadway. In addition to being a hub for New Jersey Transit (NJT) buses in the Southern Division, Greyhound Lines, the PATCO Speedline and River Line make stops at the station.[167]

The PATCO Speedline offers frequent train service to Philadelphia and the suburbs to the east in Camden County, with stations at City Hall, Broadway (Walter Rand Transportation Center) and Ferry Avenue. The line operates 24 hours a day.

Since its opening in 2004, NJT's River Line has offered light rail service to towns along the Delaware north of Camden, and terminates in Trenton. Camden stations are 36th Street, Walter Rand Transportation Center, Cooper Street-Rutgers University, Aquarium and Entertainment Center.

NJTransit bus service is available to and from Philadelphia on the 313, 315, 317, 318 and 400, 401, 402, 404, 406, 408, 409, 410, 412, 414, and 417, to Atlantic City is served by the 551 bus. Local service is offered on the 403, 405, 407, 413, 418, 419, 450, 451, 452, 453, and 457 lines.[168][169]

Studies are being conducted to create the Camden-Philadelphia BRT, a bus rapid transit system, with a 2012 plan to develop routes that would cover the 23 miles (37 km) between Winslow Township and Philadelphia with a stop at the Walter Rand Transportation Center.[170]

RiverLink Ferry is seasonal service across the Delaware River to Penn's Landing in Philadelphia.[171]

Fire department

Camden Fire Department (CFD)
Operational area
State New Jersey
City Camden
Agency overview
Established 1869
Annual calls ~10,000
Employees ~200
EMS level BLS First Responder
Facilities and equipment
Divisions 1
Battalions 1
Stations 6
Engines 7
Ladders 3
Rescues 1
HAZMAT 1
USAR 1
Fireboats 1

Officially organized in 1869, the Camden Fire Department (CFD) is the oldest paid fire department in New Jersey and is among the oldest paid fire departments in the United States. In 1916, the CFD was the first in the United States that had an all-motorized fire apparatus fleet.[172][173] Layoffs have forced the city to rely on assistance from volunteer fire companies in surrounding communities when firefighters from all 10 fire companies are unavailable due to calls.[174] The Camden Fire Department currently operates out of six fire stations, located throughout the city in one Battalion,commanded by a Battalion Chief per shift, in addition to an on-duty Deputy Chief. The CFD also operates a fire apparatus fleet of seven Engines (when manpower permits), three Ladders,one Rescue, one special operations / collapse (USAR)rescue unit (cross-staffed), 1 Haz-Mat Unit (cross-staffed), a fire boat (cross-staffed), a maintenance unit, and several other special, support, and reserve units. Since 2010, the Camden Fire Department has suffered severe economic cutbacks, including company closures and staffing cuts.[175]

Fire station locations and apparatus

Below is a list of all fire stations and company locations in the city of Camden according to Battalion.

Engine company Ladder company Special unit Chief Battalion Address Neighborhood
Engine 1,Engine 2 Ladder 1 Car 1 (Chief of Department), Car 2 (Assistant Chief), Car 3 (Deputy Chief), Car 4 (Deputy Chief), Car 5 (Fire Marshal) 4 North 3rd Street Center City
Squad 7 (a squad is a rescue pumper) 1115 Kaighns Avenue Whitman Park
Engine 8 Ladder 2 Rescue 1, Rescue 2 (Special Ops./USAR Collapse Unit), Haz-Mat. 1 Battalion 1 1301 Broadway South Camden
Engine 9 Tower Ladder 3 Air Cascade Unit,Fire Boat 1 3 North 27th Street East Camden
Engine 10 2500 Morgan Boulevard South Camden
Engine 11 Foam Unit 901 N. 27th Street Cramer Hill

Waterfront

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Main article: Camden Waterfront
View of the Camden waterfront from Philadelphia (2005).

One of the most popular attractions of Camden is the city's waterfront, along the Delaware River. The waterfront is highlighted by its four main attractions, the USS New Jersey; the Susquehanna Bank Center; Campbell's Field; and the Adventure Aquarium.[176]

The Adventure Aquarium was originally opened in 1992 as the New Jersey State Aquarium at Camden. In 2005, after extensive renovation, the aquarium was reopened under the name Adventure Aquarium.[177] The aquarium was one of the original centerpieces in Camden's plans for revitalizing their city.[178]

The Susquehanna Bank Center (formerly known as the Tweeter Center) is a 25,000-seat open-air concert amphitheater that was opened in 1995 and renamed after a 2008 deal in which the bank would pay $10 million over 15 years for naming rights.[179]

Campbell's Field, opened in 2001, is home to the Camden Riversharks[180] of the independent Atlantic League; and the Rutgers–Camden baseball team.

The USS New Jersey (BB-62) was a U.S. Navy battleship that was intermittently active between the years 1943 and 1991. After its retirement, the ship was turned into the Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial, that opened in 2001 along the waterfront. The New Jersey saw action during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and provided support off Lebanon in early 1983.[181]

Other attractions at the Waterfront are the Wiggins Park Riverstage and Marina, One Port Center, The Victor Lofts, the Walt Whitman House,[182] the Walt Whitman Cultural Arts Center, the Rutgers–Camden Center For The Arts and the Camden Children's Garden.

In June 2014, the Philadelphia 76ers announced that they would move their practice facility and home offices to the Camden Waterfront, adding 250 permanent jobs in the city in creating what CEO Scott O'Neil described as "biggest and best training facility in the country" using $82 million in tax savings offered by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority.[183][184]

The Waterfront is also served by two modes of public transportation. New Jersey Transit serves the Waterfront on its River Line, while people from Philadelphia can commute using the RiverLink Ferry, which connects the Waterfront with Old City Philadelphia.[185]

Riverfront State Prison,[186] was a state penitentiary located near downtown Camden north of the Benjamin Franklin Bridge, which opened in August 1985 having been constructed at a cost of $31 million.[187] The prison had a design capacity of 631 inmates, but housed 1,020 in 2007 and 1,017 in 2008.[188] The last prisoners were transferred in June 2009 to other locations and the prison was closed and subsequently demolished, with the site expected to be redeveloped by the State of New Jersey, the City of Camden, and private investors.[189] In December 2012, the New Jersey Legislature approved the sale of the 16-acre (6.5 ha) site considered surplus property to the New Jersey Economic Development Authority.[190]

Education

Public schools

Camden's public schools are operated by Camden City Public Schools district. As of the 2011–12 school year, the district's 30 schools had an enrollment of 13,723 students and 1,307.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.49:1.[191] The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide,[192] which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.[193][194]

High schools in the district (with 2011–12 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[195]) are:

Private education

Holy Name School, Sacred Heart Grade School, St. Anthony of Padua School, and St. Joseph Pro-Cathedral School are elementary schools that operate under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden.[201] They operate as four of the five schools in the Catholic Partnership Schools, a post-parochial model of Urban Catholic Education.[202] The Catholic Partnership Schools are committed to sustaining safe and nurturing schools that inspire and prepare students for rigorous, college preparatory secondary schools or vocations.

Higher education

View of Rutgers University–Camden with Philadelphia skyline in background in autumn.

The University District, adjacent to the downtown, is home to the following institutions:

Libraries

The city was once home to two Carnegie libraries, the Main Building[211] and the Cooper Library in Johnson Park.[212] The city's once extensive library system has been beleaguered by financial difficulties and in 2010 it threatened to close at the end of the year, but was incorporated into the county system.[213][214] The main branch closed in February 2011,[215] and was later reopened by the county in the bottom floor of the Paul Robeson Library at Rutgers University.[216]

In addition to the Paul Robeson Library at Rutgers University, there are academic libraries at Cooper Medical School at Rowan and Camden County College.

Sports

Club Sport League Venue Logo
Camden Riversharks Baseball Atlantic League of Professional Baseball Campbell's Field Camden Riversharks (logo).jpg

Crime

Camden
Crime rates (2009)
Crime type Rate*
Homicide: 34
Robbery: 766
Aggravated assault: 1,020
Total violent crime: 1,880
Burglary: 1,035
Larceny-theft: 2,251
Motor vehicle theft: 649
Arson: 137
Total property crime: 3,935
Notes
* Number of reported crimes per 100,000 population.
2009 population: 78,980
Source: 2009 FBI UCR Data

Morgan Quitno has ranked Camden as one of the top ten most dangerous cities in the United States since 1998, when they first included cities with populations less than 100,000. Camden was ranked as the third-most dangerous city in 2002. Camden was ranked as the most dangerous city overall in 2004 and 2005.[217][218] It improved to the fifth spot for the 2006 and 2007 rankings but rose to number two in 2008[219][220][221] and to the most dangerous spot in 2009.[222] Morgan Quitno has based its rankings on crime statistics reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in six categories: murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, and auto theft.[223] In The Nation, journalist Chris Hedges describes Camden as "the physical refuse of postindustrial America",[224] plagued with homelessness, drug trafficking, prostitution, robbery, looting, constant violence, and an overwhelmed police force (which in 2011 lost nearly half of its officers to budget-related layoffs).[225]

In 2005, reported homicides in Camden dropped to 34, 15 fewer murders than in 2004.[226] Though Camden's murder rate was still much higher than the national average, the reduction in 2005 was a drop of over 30%. In 2006, the number of murders climbed to 40. While murders fell by 10% across New Jersey in 2009, Camden's murder rate declined from 55 in 2008 down to 33, a drop of 40% that was credited to anti-gang efforts and more firearms seizures.[227] Despite significant cuts in the police department due to the city's fiscal difficulties, murders in 2009 and 2010 were both under 40, staying below the peak that had occurred in 2008, and had continued to decline into early 2011. However, in 2012, the city's murder rate spiked and reached 62.[228]

On October 29, 2012, the FBI announced Camden was ranked first in violent crime per capita of cities with over 50,000 residents, surpassing Flint, Michigan.[229] In December 2012, Camden residents surrendered approximately 1,137 firearms to two local churches over a two-day period.[230]

Law enforcement

In 2015, the Camden Police Department was operated by the state.[231] In 2011, it was announced that a regional police department would be formed.[232] On May 1, 2013, the police department was disbanded and the newly created Camden County Police Department took over full responsibility for policing the city of Camden.[233]

Points of interest

Notable people

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See also: Category:People from Camden, New Jersey

People who were born in, are residents of, or have otherwise been closely connected to Camden include:

References

  1. ↑ Anthony DePalma, "The Talk of Camden; A City in Pain Hopes for Relief Under Florio", The New York Times, February 7, 1990.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Mayor's Office, City of Camden. Accessed March 15, 2015.
  5. ↑ 2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 16, 2015.
  6. ↑ Office of the Business Administrator, City of Camden. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  7. ↑ Office of the City Clerk, City of Camden. Accessed July 2, 2012.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 28.
  9. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: City of Camden, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 5, 2013.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 DP-1 – Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Camden city, Camden County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 The Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships in 2010 in New Jersey: 2000 and 2010, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 7, 2011.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Municipalities Grouped by 2011–2020 Legislative Districts, New Jersey Department of State, p. 3. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Camden city, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed September 7, 2011.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 PEPANNRES – Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 – 2014 Population Estimates for New Jersey municipalities, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – State – County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed October 4, 2012.
  16. ↑ Look Up a ZIP Code, United States Postal Service. Accessed November 15, 2013.
  17. ↑ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed October 21, 2013.
  18. ↑ Area Code Lookup – NPA NXX for Camden, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 22, 2013.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  20. ↑ "A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey", Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed July 2, 2012.
  21. ↑ US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  22. ↑ Find a County, National Association of Counties. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  23. ↑ Camden County, NJ, National Association of Counties. Accessed January 20, 2013.
  24. ↑ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed July 2, 2012.
  25. ↑ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 104. Accessed January 17, 2012.
  26. ↑ Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed August 28, 2015.
  27. ↑ Gannett, Henry. The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States, p. 65. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed August 28, 2015.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Staff. "Milan Begins Sentence", The New York Times, July 16, 2001. Accessed July 2, 2012. "Former Mayor Milton Milan, 38, convicted of corruption charges in December, is now serving his seven-year sentence at a low-security federal prison in Loretto, Pa., where he was transferred Friday. ... On June 15, Mr. Milan was sentenced on 14 counts of corruption, including taking payoffs from the mob, as well as concealing the source of a $65,000 loan from a drug kingpin."
  29. ↑ Giordano, Rita; and Purcell, Dylan. "Third of N.J. districts in area top state average in per-pupil spending", Philadelphia Inquirer, May 21, 2011. Accessed August 12, 2012 ."Coming in at No. 6 statewide and first locally among K-12s was Camden, at $23,770 per student counting the new items – a 4 percent increase over 2008–09. In Camden, total per-student spending minus the added costs included this year – the 'budgetary per-pupil cost' – was $19,118."
  30. ↑ Ly, Laura. "State of New Jersey stepping in to run Camden's troubled schools", CNN, March 25, 2013. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  31. ↑ Fast Facts: US High School Dropout Rates, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  32. ↑ Terruso, Julia. "A look at what SAT report on Camden means", The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 22, 2013. Accessed July 29, 2014. "A statistic released by the Camden School District – that three out of about 882 high school seniors scored "college ready" on the SAT in 2012 – sparked criticism and questions from education advocates last week. The number, based on state performance reports from the 2011–12 school year, uses the College Board's college-readiness parameter score of 1550 out of 2400 on math, reading and writing."
  33. ↑ Staff. "Camden's crisis: Ungovernable? The state may have failed the city it took over", The Economist, November 26, 2009. Accessed July 29, 2014. "Camden spends $17,000 per child on education, yet only two thirds complete school. Two out of five people live below the poverty line."
  34. ↑ Crime in the United States 2012: NEW JERSEY Offenses Known to Law Enforcement by City, 2012, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  35. ↑ Crime in the United States 2012: Violent Crime, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Accessed December 20, 2014. "There were an estimated 386.9 violent crimes per 100,000 inhabitants in 2012, a rate that remained virtually unchanged when compared to the 2011 estimated rate."
  36. ↑ Early Settlement, City of Camden. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  37. ↑ Greenberg, Gail. County History, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  38. ↑ Cooper, Howard M. "Historical Sketch of Camden", Camden County Historical Society, June 13, 1899. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  39. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  40. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  41. ↑ "Rutgers University Computing Services – Camden"
  42. ↑ "Made in S.J.: RCA Victor". Portal to gallery of photographs (22) related to the Victor Talking Machine Company. Courier-Post, January 30, 2008. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  43. ↑ Staff. "General Electric gets go-ahead to acquire RCA", Houston Chronicle, June 5, 1986. Accessed July 3, 2011. "The Federal Communications Commission cleared the way today for General Electric Co. to acquire RCA Corp. and its subsidiaries, including the NBC network. In allowing the transfer of RCA, the commission rejected four petitions to block the $6.28 billion deal.'
  44. ↑ L-3 Communications Holdings, Inc. History, Funding Universe. Accessed November 17, 2014.
  45. ↑ Ott, Dwight. "Dranoff to rehab 2d Camden site The Redevelopment Agency authorized the builder to redevelop an RCA factory into waterfront condos.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, May 4, 2006. Accessed July 3, 2011. "The panel unanimously authorized Philadelphia developer Carl Dranoff to rehabilitate the former RCA No. 8 factory into 86 condominiums, with commercial space on the first floor."
  46. ↑ "Made in S.J.: Shipbuilding". Portal to gallery of photographs (16) related to shipbuilding in Camden. Courier-Post. Undated. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  47. ↑ Encarta Encyclopedia: Ship. Accessed June 23, 2006. Archived October 31, 2009.
  48. ↑ Staff. "Unnecessary excellence: what public-housing design can learn from its past.", Harper's Magazine, March 1, 2005. Accessed July 3, 2011. "'If it indicates the kind of Government housing that is to follow, we may all rejoice.' So wrote a critic for The Journal of the American Institute of Architects in 1918 about Yorkship Village, one of America's first federally funded public-housing projects. Located in Camden, New Jersey, Yorkship Village was designed to be a genuine neighborhood, as can be seen from these original architectural plans."
  49. ↑ O'Reilly, David. "An RCA museum grows at Rowan", The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 27, 2013. Accessed October 13, 2015. " Radio Corp. of America's "contributions to South Jersey were enormous," said Joseph Pane, deputy director of the RCA Heritage Program at Rowan, which he helped create two years ago.'At its peak in the 1960s it employed 12,000 people; 4,500 were engineers.'"
  50. ↑ New York Shipbuilding, Camden NJ, Shipbuilding History, March 17, 2014. Accessed October 13, 2015. "At its peak, New York Ship employed 30,000 people. It continued in both naval and merchant shipbuilding after WWII but closed in 1967."
  51. ↑ "Made in S.J.: Campbell Soup Co.". Portal to gallery of photographs (20) related to The Campbell Soup Company. Courier-Post. Undated. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  52. ↑ Kerr, Peter. "Camden Forces Its Suburbs To Ask, What If a City Dies?", The New York Times, September 7, 1989. Accessed October 13, 2015. "By the late 60's suburban malls had vanquished downtown department stores. After blacks rioted in 1969, the last white merchants and families fled, leaving behind a population with so little disposable income that the city cannot even support one movie theater. "
  53. ↑ Cowie, Jefferson R.Capital Moves: RCA's Seventy-Year Quest for Cheap Labor, Cornell University Press, 1999. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-8014-3525-6. Excerpt available at Google Books.
  54. ↑ Slavin, Barbara. "It's Technology to the Rescue of Drive-In Movie Theaters; 4,000 Drive-In Theaters in 1958", The New York Times, August 8, 1978. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  55. ↑ Lewis, Mary Beth. "Ten Best First Facts", in Car and Driver, January 1988, p. 92.
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 Ramsland, Katherine. "Rampage in Camden", TruTV. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  57. ↑ [Rutgers-Camden profile], camden.rutgers.edu; accessed November 17, 2014.
  58. ↑ Dorwart, Jeffery M. Camden County, New Jersey: the making of a metropolitan community, 1626–2000, p. 154. Rutgers University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8135-2958-1. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  59. ↑ Staff. "17 OF CAMDEN 28 FOUND NOT GUILTY; Admitted Draft-Office Raid—Both Sides Ask Dismissal of Charges on 11 Others", The New York Times, May 21, 1973. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  60. ↑ Staff. "Man Frisked by Whitman Awaits Appeal in Unrelated Drug Case ", The New York Times, July 19, 2000. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  61. ↑ Colimore, Edward. "A new battle for the USS New Jersey", The Philadelphia Inquirer, March 12, 2012. Accessed July 29, 2014. "'The Home Port Alliance "has had the ship in the best of times and worst of times and couldn't make it work,' said von Zwehl, a member of the USS New Jersey Battleship Commission that helped bring the vessel to the state in 1999."
  62. ↑ Admiral Wilson Boulevard, DVRBS.com. Accessed July 29, 2014. "In anticipation of the 2000 Republican Convention held in Philadelphia, then New Jersey Governor Christine Todd Whitman spent a great amount of taxpayer dollars in acquiring all the commercial properties on the south side of the boulevard east of the Cooper River to the Airport Circle. Every building was razed, grass and trees were planted, and a park, which no one can park at or really use, was created."
  63. ↑ Levins, Hoag. "A HUNDRED YEARS OF CAMDEN'S RCA BUILDING 17; Former Employees Pack Centennial Event in Famed 'Nipper' Landmark", HistoricCamdenCounty.com, July 17, 2009. Accessed December 20, 2014. "Although once officially known as number 17, but colloquially called the 'Nipper Building,'" the structure was extensively renovated and rebranded as 'The Victor' in 2002 by developer Carl Dranoff. The floors above the restaurant are now luxury apartments."
  64. ↑ Staff. "185 Camden cases tossed, ‘corrupt’ police work blamed", New York Post, April 3, 2010. Accessed December 21, 2014.
  65. ↑ "Camden Agrees to Pay $3.5M to Victims of Police Corruption", American Civil Liberties Union, January 10, 2013. Accessed December 21, 2014. "The City of Camden has agreed to pay $3.5 million in damages to 88 people whose convictions were overturned because of widespread corruption in the Camden Police Department."
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  67. ↑ Reference to Camden city officials, catholicstarherald.org; accessed November 16, 2014.
  68. ↑ Staff. "Fairview begins new experiment", Courier-Post, December 6, 2001. Accessed February 17, 2011. "This village-like neighborhood at the southern edge of Camden was America's first planned community for the working class."
  69. ↑ "A Place Called Yorkship — Electus Litchfield's Plan". Accessed June 23, 2006.
  70. ↑ How Will Camden Be Counted in the 2010 Census?, CamConnect.org. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  71. ↑ Camden Facts, Camconnect.org. Accessed May 27, 2012.
  72. ↑ Camden, New Jersey Neighborhood Map, City-data.com. Accessed May 27, 2012.
  73. ↑ Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  74. ↑ Port History, South Jersey Port Corporation. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  75. ↑ Port Audit Decried As Political Attack, Red Orbit, September 8, 2005.
  76. ↑ Fair, Richard L. "South Jersey Port Corporation", Office of the State Auditor", October 28, 2005. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  77. ↑ Census Estimates for New Jersey April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  78. ↑ Barnett, Bob. Population Data for Camden County Municipalities, 1800 – 2000, WestJersey.org, January 6, 2011. Accessed October 15, 2012.
  79. ↑ Barnett, Bob. Population Data for Camden County Municipalities, 1850 – 2000, WestJersey.org. December 6, 2010. Accessed July 2, 2012.
  80. ↑ Compendium of censuses 1726–1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed August 12, 2013.
  81. ↑ Bowen, Francis. American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge for the Year 1843, p. 232, David H. Williams, 1842. Accessed August 12, 2013. Population of 3,366 listed for 1840 is five less than the value shown in other sources.
  82. ↑ Raum, John O. The History of New Jersey: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, Volume 1, p. 278, J. E. Potter and company, 1877. Accessed August 12, 2013. "The city of Camden contained in 1850, 9,479 inhabitants; in 1860, 14,358; and in 1870, 20,045. This city is divided into eight wards."
  83. ↑ Debow, James Dunwoody Brownson. The Seventh Census of the United States: 1850, p. 137. R. Armstrong, 1853. Accessed August 12, 2013.
  84. ↑ Staff. A compendium of the ninth census, 1870, p. 259. United States Census Bureau, 1872. Accessed August 12, 2013.
  85. ↑ Porter, Robert Percival. Preliminary Results as Contained in the Eleventh Census Bulletins: Volume III – 51 to 75, p. 97. United States Census Bureau, 1890. Accessed August 12, 2013.
  86. ↑ Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890, United States Census Bureau, p. 335. Accessed July 2, 2012.
  87. ↑ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 – Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 710. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  88. ↑ New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930—1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 2, 2009. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  89. ↑ 89.0 89.1 89.2 89.3 89.4 Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Camden city, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 25, 2011.
  90. ↑ 90.0 90.1 90.2 90.3 90.4 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 – Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Camden city, Camden County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed October 4, 2012.
  91. ↑ 91.0 91.1 91.2 91.3 91.4 State & County QuickFacts: Camden, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 92.2 "Table 31. New Jersey – Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Large Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990", United States Census Bureau, released July 13, 2005. Accessed July 21, 2015. For 1970, data was used from the 15% sample for Hispanic / Non-Hispanic percentage counts.
  93. ↑ "Poverty in the City of Camden", Legal Services of New Jersey, April 2007. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  94. ↑ Fahim, Kareem. "Rethinking Revitalization; In Crumbling Camden, New Challenges for a Recovery Plan", The New York Times, November 5, 2006. Accessed February 17, 2011.
  95. ↑ Diaz, Joseph. "Waiting on the World to Change", 20/20 (US television series), January 25, 2007. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  96. ↑ Diaz, Joseph. "Camden's Little Citizens With Big Dreams: Community Still Full of Children With Great Promise and Great Need", 20/20 (US television series), November 9, 2007, backed up by the Internet Archive as of October 28, 2009. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  97. ↑ 2011 NJ Annual Average Labor Force Estimates by Municipality, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development Labor Planning and Analysis, March 30, 2012. Accessed July 2, 2012.
  98. ↑ Staff. "S. Jersey faring worse on jobs than Phila. area", The Philadelphia Inquirer, November 29, 2009. Accessed July 26, 2011. "The unemployment rate in Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Counties was 10 percent in September, compared with 7.1 percent in Bucks, Montgomery, Chester, and Delaware Counties.... The jobless rate of 19.2 percent in the troubled city of Camden weighs on the figure for South Jersey, but even without it the aggregate rate for the three counties which are home to nearly a quarter of the region's population was 9.6 percent. Add Philadelphia's 11 percent unemployment rate to the mix in Southeastern Pennsylvania and the overall rate there jumps to 8.4, still significantly below the rate in South Jersey."
  99. ↑ Staff. "New census data shows N.J.'s population grew most in southern counties, became more racially diverse", The Star-Ledger, February 3, 2011. Accessed October 22, 2013.
  100. ↑ Mascarenhas, Rohan. "Census data shows Hispanics as the largest minority in N.J.", The Star-Ledger, February 3, 2011. Accessed October 22, 2013.
  101. ↑ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Camden city, Camden County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 17, 2012.
  102. ↑ Puerto-Rican Communities, EPodunk. Accessed July 26, 2011.
  103. ↑ The Camden Higher Education and Healthcare Task Force: A Winning Investment for the City of Camden
  104. ↑ Geographic & Urban Redevelopment Tax Credit Programs: Urban Enterprise Zone Employee Tax Credit, State of New Jersey, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 25, 2009. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  105. ↑ "Campbell's Soup Topping Off Ceremony". Portal to gallery of photographs (36) related to the topping-off ceremony of the headquarters of the Campbell Soup Company. Courier-Post. April 24, 2009. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  106. ↑ "Campbell Soup Company Acquires 1300 Admiral Wilson Boulevard in Camden", Business Wire, June 11, 2012. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Campbell Soup Company (NYSE:CPB) today announced it has purchased 1300 Admiral Wilson Boulevard in Camden, from Camden Gateway Properties, I, LLC. The 4-acre property includes the vacant Sears building."
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  123. ↑ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  124. ↑ 2015 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, p. 55, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed May 22, 2015.
  125. ↑ Districts by Number for 2011–2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  126. ↑ Directory of Representatives: New Jersey, United States House of Representatives. Accessed January 5, 2012.
  127. ↑ About Cory Booker, United States Senate. Accessed January 26, 2015. "He now owns a home and lives in Newark's Central Ward community."
  128. ↑ Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate, January 26, 2015. "He currently lives in Paramus and has two children, Alicia and Robert."
  129. ↑ Senators of the 114th Congress from New Jersey. United States Senate. Accessed January 26, 2015. "Booker, Cory A. - (D - NJ) Class II; Menendez, Robert - (D - NJ) Class I"
  130. ↑ Caffrey, Michelle. "First Latina legislator in N.J. Cruz-Perez steps into new role in state Senate", South Jersey Times, December 15, 2014. Accessed December 15, 2014. "Former Assemblywoman Nilsa Cruz-Perez was sworn into the state Senate on Monday, filling the seat left vacant by U.S. Rep. Donald Norcross. Democrat Cruz-Perez, sworn in by Senate President Steve Sweeney, will represent the 5th district in the state legislature after Norcross was elected to replace former Congressman Rob Andrews."
  131. ↑ Legislative Roster 2014-2015 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed December 15, 2014.
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  134. ↑ What is a Freeholder?, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  135. ↑ Freeholder Louis Cappelli, Jr., Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  136. ↑ Freeholder Edward T. McDonnell, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  137. ↑ Freeholder Michelle Gentek, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  138. ↑ Freeholder Ian K. Leonard, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  139. ↑ Freeholder Jeffrey L. Nash, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  140. ↑ Freeholder Carmen Rodriguez, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  141. ↑ Jonathan L. Young, Sr., Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  142. ↑ Daniels, Mark. "Carpenters union official tapped for Camden County Freeholder seat", South Jersey Times, January 22, 2015. Accessed May 12, 2015. "Democratic leaders in Camden County have nominated a construction union official from Berlin Township to fill an open seat on the board of chosen freeholders. Jonathan L. Young Sr., 45, has been nominated to replace Scot McCray, who resigned from the board in late December, citing a desire to spend more time with his family."
  143. ↑ 143.0 143.1 Board of Freeholders, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  144. ↑ County Clerk, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  145. ↑ Sheriff, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  146. ↑ Surrogate's Office, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  147. ↑ Prosecutor's Office, Camden County, New Jersey. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  148. ↑ Hedges, Chris. " City of RuinsWalt Whitman’s hometown is a Dickensian nightmare—and a warning for the rest of America", Utne Reader, March–April 2011. Accessed July 29, 2014. "Corruption is rampant, with three mayors convicted of felonies in a little more than two decades."
  149. ↑ via United Press International. "Pennsylvania Congressman, Three Others Found Guilty in Abscam Corruption Trial", The Hour (newspaper), August 30, 1980. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  150. ↑ Sherman, Ted. "Jersey Hustle: The real-life story of Abscam", The Star-Ledger, November 25, 2013. Accessed December 20, 2014. "The producers of American Hustle call it a work of fiction.... But while names have been changed, and many of its characters transformed or wholly invented by the screenwriters, it is no secret that the highly awaited film, which opens later this month, is based on the infamous Abscam case."
  151. ↑ Schurr, Brendan, via Associated Press. "Camden, N.J., Mayor Convicted of Corruption", Portsmouth Daily Times, December 22, 2000. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  152. ↑ Peterson, Iver, "In Camden, Another Mayor Is Indicted on Corruption Charges", The New York Times, March 31, 2000. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  153. ↑ Vargas, Caudia. "Milton Milan Jr. to seek Camden Council seat", The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 7, 2011. Accessed December 21, 2014. "The elder Milan – the city's first Hispanic mayor – was convicted in December 2000 of accepting payoffs from organized crime, soliciting bribes and free home renovations from city vendors, skimming money from a political-action committee, and laundering drug money."
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  156. ↑ Ryan, Joe. "Ex-N.J. senator Wayne Bryant is indicted on additional bribery charges", The Star-Ledger, September 27, 2010. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  157. ↑ Voter Registration Summary – Camden, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed October 15, 2012.
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  165. ↑ Camden County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.
  166. ↑ Interstate 676 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2008. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  167. ↑ Broadway Station (Walter Rand Transportation Center), PATCO Speedline. Accessed October 22, 2013.
  168. ↑ Camden County Bus/Rail Connections, New Jersey Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 22, 2009. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  169. ↑ South Jersey Transit Guide, Cross County Connection, as of April 1, 2010. Accessed December 13, 2014.
  170. ↑ Barna, John. "NJ Transit advances rapid transit bus plan for Gloucester, Camden counties", Gloucester County Times, June 12, 2012. Accessed October 4, 2012. "The “Bus Rapid Transit System” envisioned by NJ Transit would have a 23-mile line run from the existing Avandale Park and Ride station in Winslow along the Atlantic City Expressway, Route 42 and Interstates 76 and 676 with stops at Camden County College in Gloucester Township, the Walter Rand Transportation Center in Camden and Center City Philadelphia."
  171. ↑ RiverLink Ferry Service, RiverLink Ferry System. Accessed July 29, 2014.
  172. ↑ Camden Fire Department, City of Camden. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  173. ↑ Bureau of Emergency Services Citywide Tour Command, City of Camden. Accessed July 3, 2011.
  174. ↑ Simon, Darran. "Camden mayor voices concern to N.J. over fires", The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 13, 2011. Accessed July 13, 2011. "Redd said she wanted to 'dispel any misinformation' about the need for manpower from other towns to help Camden firefighters on Thursday and Saturday. Camden's Fire Department is down by 29 positions after layoffs by the cash-strapped city in January. Camden relies on assistance from suburban companies, most of them staffed by volunteers, when the city's ten companies are all deployed."
  175. ↑ Katz, Matt; and Simin, Darran. "Camden's worst-case budget scenario calls for 350-plus layoffs", The Philadelphia Inquirer, October 8, 2010. Accessed July 3, 2011. "Camden will lay off more than 150 police officers, 77 firefighters, and about 150 other employees unless the mayor can wrest concessions in union contracts in the coming days, according to union officials and employees. The cuts, described as the worst-case scenario, would amount to more than a third of the city's unionized workforce."
  176. ↑ Attractions, CamdenWaterfront.com. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  177. ↑ "Aquarium Accredited". Portal to gallery of photographs (6) related to the Adventure Aquarium. Courier-Post. March 31, 1999. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  178. ↑ Strauss, Robert. "Camden Still Finds Itself Treading Water", The New York Times, April 30, 2006. Accessed July 3, 2011. "Three years ago, with great fanfare, Gov. Jim McGreevey announced the transfer of development rights for those 33 acres (13 ha) to Steiner and Associates, a Cincinnati firm, along with a $3 million grant and a $15 million loan to get started on a proposed $53 million renovation of the state aquarium, the linchpin, according to Steiner's plans, of a retail/entertainment/commercial/residential development that would transform Camden. Three years later, Adventure Aquarium, as it is now called, is there, but the rest of the site is still made up of those parking lots."
  179. ↑ Staff. "Tweeter Center is being renamed, The Camden concert venue will be Susquehanna Bank Center in a $10 million deal with the Lititz, Pa., firm.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, February 5, 2008. Accessed July 3, 2011. "Tweeter Center is being renamed, The Camden concert venue will be Susquehanna Bank Center in a $10 million deal with the Lititz, Pa., firm."
  180. ↑ "Camden Riversharks Home Opener". Portal to gallery of photographs (30) related to the Camden Riversharks. Courier-Post. Undated. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  181. ↑ "Visit the Battleship New Jersey". Portal to gallery of photographs (36) related to the Battleship New Jersey. Courier-Post. Undated. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  182. ↑ "Camden's Historic Walt Whitman House". Portal to gallery of photographs (20) related to the Walt Whitman House. Courier-Post. Undated. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  183. ↑ Laday, Jason. "Philadelphia 76ers CEO: Camden practice facility will be 'biggest and best' in U.S.", South Jersey Times, June 10, 2014. Accessed December 20, 2014. "The Philadelphia 76ers organization will move its practice space and front office operations to the Camden riverfront, following a vote by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (EDA) Tuesday to approve $82 million in tax breaks to the team over the next 10 years."
  184. ↑ Laday, Jason. "Philadelphia 76ers set to move office, practice space to Camden with $82M tax break", South Jersey Times, June 10, 2014. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  185. ↑ Home page, RiverLink Ferry System. Accessed September 7, 2011.
  186. ↑ "Riverfront Prison to Close". Portal gallery of photographs (17) related to the Riverfront State Prison. Courier-Post Undated (copyright 1999). Accessed December 25, 2009.
  187. ↑ United Press International "$31 Million Prison Opens in Jersey", The New York Times, August 13, 1985. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  188. ↑ 2010 Budget for the Department of Correction, New Jersey Department of the Treasury. Accessed July 2, 2012.
  189. ↑ Staff. "Hated Camden prison goes down", Philadelphia Daily News, December 17, 2009. Accessed July 3, 2011. "In speech after speech, those officials called the demolition of Riverfront State Prison a new beginning for the people of North Camden whose views of the Philadelphia skyline and the Delaware River have been marred by razor wire and watchtowers for 24 years."
  190. ↑ Laday, Jason. "NJ approves sale of Riverfront State Prison site in Camden", South Jersey Times, December 27, 2012. Accessed December 21, 2014. "The New Jersey Legislature has approved a bill allowing the sale of the former Riverfront State Prison site to the state Economic Development Authority, in advance of a public auction to eventually develop the land."
  191. ↑ District information for Camden School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed November 17, 2014.
  192. ↑ Abbott Districts, New Jersey Department of Education, backed up by the Internet Archiveas of May 15, 2009. Accessed August 14, 2012.
  193. ↑ What are SDA Districts?, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed August 14, 2012. "SDA Districts are 31 special-needs school districts throughout New Jersey. They were formerly known as Abbott Districts, based on the Abbott v. Burke case in which the New Jersey Supreme Court ruled that the State must provide 100 percent funding for all school renovation and construction projects in special-needs school districts.... The districts were renamed after the elimination of the Abbott designation through passage of the state's new School Funding Formula in January 2008."
  194. ↑ SDA Districts, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed August 14, 2012.
  195. ↑ School Data for the Camden City Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed November 17, 2014.
  196. ↑ Brimm Medical Arts High School, Camden City Public Schools. Accessed August 26, 2014.
  197. ↑ Camden High School, Camden City Public Schools. Accessed August 26, 2014.
  198. ↑ Creative Arts Morgan Village Academy, Camden City Public Schools. Accessed August 26, 2014.
  199. ↑ MetEast High School, Camden City Public Schools. Accessed August 26, 2014.
  200. ↑ Woodrow Wilson High School, Camden City Public Schools. Accessed August 26, 2014.
  201. ↑ Parish & School Locator, Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  202. ↑ Our Schools, Catholic Partnership Schools.
  203. ↑ About Us, Camden County College. Accessed October 22, 2013. "The College’s presence in the City of Camden began in 1969, when a diploma-completion program was begun in borrowed space to help students prepare to pass their GED test so they could begin college-level courses on the Blackwood Campus that fall. In 1991, a five-story Camden City Campus building – now called College Hall – provided the College’s first permanent home in the City. The eight-story academic, retail and parking facility known as the Camden Technology Center was added in 2004 as one of the first projects completed under the Camden Municipal Rehabilitation and Economic Recovery Act."
  204. ↑ Campus History, Rowan University at Camden. Accessed October 22, 2013. "In the fall of 1969, Glassboro State College opened the Camden Urban Center at 534 Cooper Street."
  205. ↑ Minters, Brooke. "New medical dean named at Rowan University in Camden", The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 10, 2010. Accessed July 3, 2011. "Paul Katz, who recently helped start a medical school in Scranton, was tapped Wednesday to be founding dean of another medical start-up: the Cooper Medical School of Rowan University in Camden."
  206. ↑ Campus History, Rutgers University–Camden. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  207. ↑ College of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University–Camden. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  208. ↑ RSBC Fast Facts, Rutgers School of Business Camden. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  209. ↑ About Rutgers Law, Rutgers School of Law-Camden. Accessed October 22, 2013.
  210. ↑ Our History, Coriell Institute for Medical Research. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  211. ↑ Camden, New Jersey Carnegie Library, DVRBS.com. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  212. ↑ Cooper Branch Library at Johnson Park, Johnson Park Restoration. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  213. ↑ Katz, Matt. "Camden preparing to close its libraries, destroy books", The Philadelphia Inquirer, August 6, 2010. Accessed October 13, 2015. "Camden is preparing to permanently shut its library system by the end of the year, potentially leaving residents of the impoverished city among the few in the United States unable to borrow a library book free. At an emotional but sparsely attended meeting of the library board Thursday, its president, Martin McKernan, said the city's three libraries cannot stay open past Dec. 31 because of severe budget cuts by Mayor Dana L. Redd."
  214. ↑ Holt, Bob. "Camden library system given hope by mayor’s plan", NJ Newsroom, August 10, 2010. Accessed October 13, 2015. "Officials in New Jersey have apparently found a way to save Camden's public library system in whole or at least part. Mayor Dana Redd said Monday that city officials will look to join the county library system."
  215. ↑ via Associated Press. "Main branch of Camden public library set to close", NJ.com, February 10, 2011. Accessed October 13, 2015. "The main branch of the Camden Free Public Library, in a high-ceilinged former bank building, was a victim of the same budget crisis that resulted in layoffs last month of nearly 400 city government employees, including nearly half the police department and one-third of the firefighters."
  216. ↑ Camden County Library Branch at Rutgers, Camden County Library System. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  217. ↑ "11th Annual Safest/Most Dangerous Cities Survey: Top and Bottom 25 Cities Overall". Accessed June 23, 2006.
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  219. ↑ "13th Annual Safest (and Most Dangerous) Cities: Top and Bottom 25 Cities Overall". Accessed October 30, 2006.
  220. ↑ "City Crime Rankings, 14th Edition, 2007". "CQ Press".
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  222. ↑ Hirsch, Deborah (November 24, 2009). "Report ranks Camden most dangerous U.S. city" Courier-Post. Accessed December 22, 2009.
  223. ↑ "Report Ranks Camden Most Dangerous U.S. City". Courier-Post. November 24, 2009.
  224. ↑ "City of Ruins". Accessed January 28, 2011.
  225. ↑ "Camden, N.J., to lose nearly half its cops". Accessed January 28, 2011.
  226. ↑ Fewer Camden Murders in 2005, WPVI-TV, January 2, 2006.
  227. ↑ Lu, Adrienne. "Camden homicides down 40% this year The drop led N.J.'s 10% decline. The attorney general credited better law enforcement.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 30, 2009. Accessed July 3, 2011. "Camden led the way in New Jersey with a decline from 55 to 33 homicides as of Dec. 21, a 40 percent reduction. Statewide, New Jersey had 332 homicides in 2009 as of Dec. 21, compared with 369 as of Dec. 21, 2008, a drop of 10 percent."
  228. ↑ Goldstein, Joseph. "Police Force Nearly Halved, Camden Feels Impact", The New York Times, March 6, 2011. Accessed July 3, 2011. "Since the city laid off nearly half its police force in January, the mayor and police chief have tried to stay positive, with the police chief even suggesting that his leaner force will be a model for others facing similar circumstances.... It is too early to tell if the police layoffs have allowed more crime to occur; in the first two months of 2011, there were fewer homicides than during the same period last year. But the number of assaults involving a firearm has more than tripled to 79 from 22 over that period.... In each of the last two years, Camden recorded fewer than 40 murders, significantly less than the 54 murders of 2008, when the city was ranked the most dangerous in America, according to a widely quoted survey."
  229. ↑ Flint drops title of most violent in nation, according to expanded FBI stats The Flint Journal via MLive.com, October 29, 2012
  230. ↑ Associated Press, Daily Mail Reporter, James Nye Pictured: Astonishing arsenal of guns collected by cops in buyback program in America's deadliest city, the Daily Mail, Published 18 December 2012.
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  233. ↑ Staff. "Holdouts lament police transition", Courier-Post, April 28, 2013. Accessed November 17, 2014.
  234. ↑ About Us, Adventure Aquarium. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  235. ↑ History, Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial. Accessed October 13, 2015. "On September 12, 1999 NEW JERSEY began her Final Voyage home from Bremerton, where she had rested in mothballs for the last 8 years. On November 11th, she arrived at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard.... The Battleship New Jersey opened as a Museum and Memorial in October 2001."
  236. ↑ Laday, Jason. "Sale of Campbell's Field in Camden to settle longstanding lawsuit", South Jersey Times, April 4, 2015. Accessed October 13, 2015. "According to Rutgers-Camden spokesman Michael Sepanic, while Rutgers University is the titleholder of the 6,700-seat waterfront ballpark, the school will not receive any of the sale's proceeds. The spokesman added that the Rutgers-Camden Scarlet Raptors athletic program will continue its agreement with the Camden Riversharks – a professional minor-league baseball team, and the park's primary tenant since its opening in 2001 – to use the field after the sale."
  237. ↑ Staff. "CAMDEN'S SPOT OF PEACE IN A TROUBLED WORLD HARLEIGH IS MORE THAN JUST A CEMETERY. IT'S ALSO A PARK.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 28, 1992. Accessed October 22, 2013. " For decades after it opened in 1885, Harleigh Cemetery was a favorite destination of many Camden residents, a park and outdoor art museum, much like Fairmount Park in Philadelphia."
  238. ↑ "Camden boxer Alexander earns draw in debut", Courier-Post, July 23, 2008. Accessed October 22, 2013. "Max Alexander didn't get the victory he so badly sought, but things could have turned out worse for the Camden boxer who was making his debut last weekend as a cruiserweight with a 200-pound weight limit."
  239. ↑ Staff. "hail, cabaret, Convention an Up-Close Celebration of Vocal Talent", Philadelphia Daily News, June 6, 2002. Accessed October 22, 2013. "Camden native Christine Andreas first earned her performing stripes as a Broadway musical star – appearing in hit revivals of My Fair Lady, Oklahoma and On Your Toes, and new ventures like Rags, Words and Music and The Scarlet Pimpernel."
  240. ↑ Benson, Josh. "A Spoiler Is Lurking South Of Trenton", The New York Times, November 28, 2004. Accessed October 22, 2013. "Just ask Representative Rob Andrews, the hyper-talented son of Camden who ran for governor in 1997 as the anointed champion of the South Jersey Democratic machine."
  241. ↑ Dr. Mary Ellen Avery, National Library of Medicine. Accessed October 22, 2013. "Mary Ellen Avery was born in 1927, in Camden, New Jersey."
  242. ↑ Staff. "Obituary", Chicago Tribune, October 28, 1953. Accessed October 22, 2013. "A native of Camden, NJ, Bailey began his art career with the Philadelphia Times in 1892."
  243. ↑ Staff. "DAVID BAIRD JR., EX-SENATOR, DIES; Jersey G. O. P. Leader Was President of Lumber and Insurance Companies", The New York Times, March 1, 1955. Accessed October 22, 2013. "Mr. Baird was born in Camden."
  244. ↑ Staff. "Eagles sign Camden's Baker", The Times (Trenton), March 12, 2009. Accessed October 22, 2013. "The Eagles yesterday made another move in free agency to bolster their depth in the secondary, signing Camden native Rashad Baker to a one-year contract."
  245. ↑ Morrison, John F. "George E. 'Butch' Ballard, drummer with big bands", Philadelphia Daily News, October 10, 2011. Accessed October 22, 2013. "George was born in Camden and grew up in Frankford. He attended Northeast High."
  246. ↑ via Associated Press. "Es-Secret Service Head Dead At 73", Ocala Star-Banner, November 7, 1978. Accessed October 22, 2013. "A native of Camden, Baughman started his Secret Service career as a clerk- stenographer In the Philadelphia office In 1927 and qualified as an agent by going out on investigations to gain experience."
  247. ↑ Staff. "MARTIN Y. BERGEN, LAWYER, ATHLETE; Former Football and Baseball Player at Princeton, Famous as Backfield Coach, Dies FAMILY NOTED IN JERSEY Bergen County Named for His Ancestors; Was Attorney for Caruso's Daughter", The New York Times, July 9, 1941. Accessed October 22, 2013. "NBorn in Camden, N. J., he was a descendant of one of New Jersey's oldest families, one for which Bergen County was named."
  248. ↑ Staff. "Art Best, former Hartley and Notre Dame football star, dies at 61", The Columbus Dispatch, October 17, 2014. Accessed October 13, 2015. "Arthur R. Best was born in Camden, N.J."
  249. ↑ Art Best, The Pro Football Archives. Accessed October 13, 2015.
  250. ↑ All-American Girls Professional Baseball League Record Book – W. C. Madden. Publisher: McFarland & Company, 2000. Format: Hardcover, 294 pp. Language: English. ISBN 0-7864-0597-X. Accessed March 4, 2012.
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  254. ↑ Staff. "Oakland signs Donovin Darius The veteran safety from Camden adds experience to the Raiders' secondary.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, July 11, 2007. Accessed September 7, 2011. "Darius, who will turn 32 next month, had been a mainstay in Jacksonville's secondary since he was the club's first-round pick in the 1998 draft out of Syracuse. But the Jaguars released him in June, trying to get younger and faster on defense. He is a graduate of Woodrow Wilson High in Camden."
  255. ↑ Donovin Darius, National Football League. Accessed November 12, 2007.
  256. ↑ Rachel Dawson, USA Field Hockey. Accessed December 20, 2007.
  257. ↑ "Olympic Feature-Field Hockey's Rachel Dawson". Portal to gallery of photographs (15) related to Rachel Dawson. Courier-Post. Aug. 12, 2008. Accessed December 28, 2009.
  258. ↑ Nelson-Gabriel, Melissa; and Gans, Charles J. via Associated Press. "Camden-born jazz great Buddy DeFranco dies at 91", Courier-Post, December 28, 2014. Accessed December 29, 2014. "Born in 1923 in Camden, DeFranco was raised in South Philadelphia and began playing the clarinet at age 9."
  259. ↑ Newman, Mark. "Series opens on historic date: Red Sox, Rockies in line to add to Oct. 24 legacy", MLB.com, October 24, 2007. Accessed September 7, 2011. "1950: Rawly Eastwick was born in Camden, N.J. He became a key pitcher for Cincinnati's Big Red Machine, pitching five games in the 1975 World Series and winning Games 2 and 3 on his way to a second ring."
  260. ↑ "Rawly Eastwick Statistics and History", Baseball-Reference.com. Accessed September 7, 2011.
  261. ↑ Arnold, Patrick via Associated Press. "Her Simple Night Club Act Is Enough For Lola Falana", Toledo Blade, March 21, 1980. Accessed July 2, 2012. "A NATIVE OF Camden, Miss Falana began attending dance school when she was three, and before she reached her teens she had landed a slot in the late Dinah Washington's night club act."
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  265. ↑ Staff. "'GROOVE' HOLMES, 60, A GIANT TO JAZZ, FRIENDS", The Philadelphia Inquirer, July 2, 1991. Accessed July 3, 2011. "Born and raised Richard Jackson in Camden, Groove took his stepfather's last name for show business."
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  269. ↑ "McCargo Cooks!". Portal to gallery of photographs (11) related to Aaron McCargo, Jr.. Courier-Post. July 16, 2008. Accessed December 28, 2009.
  270. ↑ "Aaron McCargo Cooking Lesson". Portal to gallery of photographs (18) related to Aaron McCargo, Jr.. Courier-Post. Jan. 26, 2009. Accessed December 28, 2009.
  271. ↑ Aaron McCargo, Jr.. Accessed December 27, 2009.
  272. ↑ LaGorce, Tammy. "For Cooks Who Compete, the Challenges of Fame", The New York Times, January 28, 2011. Accessed July 2, 2012. "Aaron McCargo Jr., the bold-flavor-favoring winner of season 4 of Food Network's Next Food Network Star, did. Mr. McCargo has had his own show, Big Daddy's House, since 2008; the network guaranteed him six episodes as a result of his win. 'It's rocking along,' said Mr. McCargo, 38, a native of Camden who still lives in the area but will not disclose where."
  273. ↑ Staff. A COMMUNITY OF SCHOLARS: The Institute for Advanced Study Faculty and Members 1930–1980, p. 289. Institute for Advanced Study, 1980. Accessed November 22, 2015. "Meritt, Lucy Shoe 48–49, 50–73 HS, Classical Archaeology Born 1906 Camden, NJ."
  274. ↑ Avril, Tom. "Whitman Picks A Five-year Aide As Chief Counsel", The Philadelphia Inquirer, March 5, 1999. Accessed August 5, 2015. "Gov. Whitman yesterday named as her chief counsel Richard S. Mroz, an administration member since 1994 who recently has coordinated state involvement in economic-development projects such as redeveloping the waterfront in his native Camden."
  275. ↑ Francis Ford Patterson, Jr., Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 26, 2007.
  276. ↑ Halperin, Frank. "A world of sports under one roof", Courier-Post, March 9, 2008. Accessed July 2, 2012. "Among the local legends are Camden's Ray Narleski, an American League All- Star who played for the Cleveland Indians during the 1950s."
  277. ↑ Clothier, Gary. "Ask Mr. Know It All", Youngstown Vindicator, February 12, 2012. Accessed July 2, 2012. "Jim Perry was born in 1933 in Camden, N.J. He was a talented athlete in high school. After graduating from the University of Pennsylvania, Perry became a singer, taking over for Eddie Fisher at Grossingers in the Catskill Mountains."
  278. ↑ Goldstein, Richard. "Harvey Pollack, a Statistician in N.B.A. From Day 1, Dies at 93", The New York Times, June 24, 2015. Accessed June 24, 2015. "Herbert Harvey Pollack was born on March 9, 1922, in Camden, N.J., a son of dressmakers, but grew up in Philadelphia near Shibe Park (later Connie Mack Stadium), home to baseball’s Phillies and Athletics."
  279. ↑ Dettloff, William. "Camden Buzzsaw tore through competition in the ring as well as the streets; While his contemporaries were fine-tuning their skills in the amateur circuit, Dwight Muhammad Qawi was developing his game on the streets of Camden, N.J., writes William Dettloff.", ESPN, June 13, 2008. Accessed October 15, 2012. "Qawi? 'I learned to fight on the streets in Camden [N.J.],' he told ESPN.com."
  280. ↑ Lynch, Ray; and Young, Michael E. "Buddy Rogers, 71, Former Champion Wrestler", Sun-Sentinel, June 28, 1992. Accessed November 17, 2014. "Mr. Rogers was raised in Camden, N.J., where he was known as 'Dutch' Rhode, went to high school and worked for a while as a Camden police officer. He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II and worked in a shipyard in Camden."
  281. ↑ "Mike Rozier". Portal to gallery of photographs (26) related to Mike Rozier. Courier-Post. December 5, 2008. Accessed December 25, 2009.
  282. ↑ John Farson Starr, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 24, 2007.
  283. ↑ DeLuca, Dan. "Today's Walk Of Fame Honorees Include 2 Oak Ridge Boys Just A Couple Of Philly-area Country Boys", The Philadelphia Inquirer, April 28, 1994. Accessed November 13, 2013. "Bonsall grew up in the Harrowgate section of Philadelphia, near the Tioga Street el stop; Sterban was born across the river in Camden and grew up in Collingswood."
  284. ↑ Smith, Roberta. "Loud, Proud and Painted; ‘Mickalene Thomas: Origin of the Universe,’ at Brooklyn Museum", The New York Times, September 27, 2012. Accessed October 15, 2012. "But Ms. Thomas, who was born in Camden, N.J., and lives in Brooklyn, has been exhibiting for only six years."
  285. ↑ "Billy Thompson Stats and History", basketball-reference.com. Accessed December 20, 2014.
  286. ↑ Woods, David. "Hurdler Tosta makes most of a second chance", USA Today, August 18, 2008. Accessed February 2, 2011. "Tosta, 25, is a UCLA graduate who was born in Camden, N.J., and attended high school in Garfield, Va."
  287. ↑ Staff. "HERE, THERE & EVERYWHERE AN INSIDER'S GUIDE TO WHAT'S HOT IN TOWN", Philadelphia Daily News, May 10, 1985. Accessed February 2, 2011. "FRIDAY Nick Virgilio, one of the world's most respected haiku poets, makes a hometown appearance Friday at 8 p.m. at Camden's Walt Whitman Center, 2nd & Cooper streets."
  288. ↑ "Dajuan Wagner". Portal to gallery of photographs (73) related to Dajuan Wagner. Courier-Post. July 25, 2007. Accessed December 28, 2009.
  289. ↑ via Associated Press. "MESSAGES TO LOSER CRITICIZE VERDICT; Telegrams, Phone Calls Deluge Walcott Home in Camden, but Joe Is Elsewhere", The New York Times, December 7, 1947. Accessed November 13, 2013. "Jersey Joe Walcott went into seclusion today as telegrams poured in at his modest Camden home rapping the split decision that deprived him of the heavyweight title."
  290. ↑ "Walt Whitman". Portal to gallery of photographs (29) related to Walt Whitman. Courier-Post. September 24, 2008. Accessed December 28, 2009.
  291. ↑ Garfinkel, Simson. PGP: Pretty Good Privacy, p. 85. O'Reilly Media, Inc., 1995. ISBN 9781565920989. Accessed July 29, 2014. "Zimmermann was born in Camden, New Jersey, in 1954, but his parents soon moved to southern Florida."

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Preceded by Bordering communities
of Philadelphia		 Succeeded by
Gloucester City

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