Carlos Prats

Carlos Prats
File:Gral. Prats.jpg
Commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army
In office October 27, 1970 – August 23, 1973
President	Salvador Allende
Preceded by	René Schneider
Succeeded by	Augusto Pinochet
Chilean Minister of the Interior
In office November 2, 1972 – March 27, 1973
President	Salvador Allende
Preceded by	Jaime Suárez
Succeeded by	Gerardo Espinoza
Chilean Minister of National Defense
In office August 9,, 1973 – August 23, 1973
President	Salvador Allende
Preceded by	Clodomiro Almeyda
Succeeded by	Orlando Letelier
Personal details
Born	(1915-02-24)February 24, 1915 Talcahuano, Chile
Died	Buenos Aires, Argentina
Nationality	Chilean
Political party	Independent
Spouse(s)	Sofía Cuthbert (m. 1944–74) - died with her husband
Children	Sofía Angélica Cecilia
Religion	Catholic Church
Signature	Carlos Prats's signature

General Carlos Prats González (February 24, 1915 – September 30, 1974) was a Chilean Army officer and minister in the Salvador Allende's government, despite being at the time the Commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army. Immediately after General Augusto Pinochet's September 11, 1973 coup, Prats went into voluntary exile in Argentina. The following year, he and his wife were assassinated in Buenos Aires, Argentina by a car bomb, revealed as committed by the DINA.

Background

Carlos Prats González was born in Talcahuano in 1915, the oldest son of Carlos Prats Risopatrón and Hilda González Suárez. He joined the Army in 1931, and graduated at the top of his class.

In 1935, he was commissioned as an artillery officer. Three years later he became a Sub Lieutenant. Soon he returned to the Military Academy, this time as a teacher. He taught there and at the War Academy until 1954. In 1944, he married Sofia Cuthbert Chiarleoni, with whom he had three daughters.

In 1954, Prats González was promoted to Major, and sent to the military mission in the US, as adjunct military attaché, where he served until 1958. That year he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, and returned as teacher to the War Academy. In 1961, he became commander of the Artillery Regiment Nº3 “Chorrillos”, and in 1963, became commander of the Regiment Nº1 “Tacna”.

In 1964, he was promoted to Colonel and sent as military attaché to Argentina. He returned to Chile in 1967 as commander of the III Army Division. In 1968 he was promoted to Brigade General and Chief of the General Staff. The following year he was promoted to Division General.

Public role during the Allende years

File:Allende en Parada Militar.JPG

Salvador Allende with Carlos Prats and other commanders of the armed forces of Chile during the Military parade.

General Prats became the head of the "constitutionalists", all members of the armed forces who supported the Schneider Doctrine. With time, he became the Army's strongest supporter of President Allende, and was appointed as a member of his cabinet several times. Allende appointed him as vice-President in 1972 (The Chilean Constitution does not have a standing vice-presidential office; rather, the sitting Minister of the Interior, as the senior cabinet minister, is temporarily designated "vice president" only during the President's absence during formal State visits abroad).

Resignation

On August 22, 1973, the wives of Prats' Generals and officers staged a rally in front of his home, calling him a coward for not restoring civil order in Chile. This event convinced Prats that he had lost support of his fellow officers. The next day he resigned his positions, both as Interior minister and as Commander in Chief of the Army. Only two other generals in favor of a constitutional solution to the political crisis, generals Mario Sepúlveda Squella and Guillermo Pickering (both in key troop command positions), also presented their resignations in a show of support for him. General Augusto Pinochet, previously second in command and thought to be loyal to Allende, was appointed Commander in Chief of the Army, taking over the position on August 23, 1973.

General Prats' retirement removed the last real obstacle to a military coup, which took place three weeks later, on September 11, 1973. Immediately after the coup, on September 15, 1973, General Prats voluntarily went into exile with his wife in Argentina.

Assassination

File:Asesinatoprats.PNG

Former Chilean General and politician Carlos Prats, after being killed by a car bomb in September 1974

On September 30, 1974, in Buenos Aires, Prats and his wife Sofia were killed outside their apartment, by a radio-controlled car bomb. Debris reached the ninth-floor balcony of the building across the street. Later, it was learned that the assassination was planned by members of the Chilean secret police, DINA. It was committed by the American expatriate and Chilean citizen Michael Townley, who also committed the Orlando Letelier assassination in Washington, DC in 1976.

Legal aftermath and investigations

The former leaders of DINA, including chief Manuel Contreras, ex-chief of operation and retired general Raúl Iturriaga, his brother Roger Iturriaga, and ex-brigadiers Pedro Espinoza and Jose Zara, have been charged in Chile with Prats' assassination. The Chilean judge investigating the case, Alejandro Solis, exempted Gen. Pinochet from prosecution after the Chilean Supreme court rejected a demand in January 2005 to lift the ex-dictator's immunity .

In Argentina, DINA's civil agent Enrique Arancibia was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for Prats' murder. In 2000 SIDE agent Juan Martín Siga Correa was detained by Argentine officials on the orders of federal judge María Servini de Cubria. Martín Siga Correa was DINA's main connection with the SIDE and with Intelligence Battalion 601, and was also a member of the Tacuara Nationalist Movement.

In 2003, Argentine federal judge María Servini de Cubria asked Chile for the extradition of Mariana Callejas, who was Michael Townley's wife, and Cristoph Willikie Fleent, a retired colonel from the Chilean army; the three together were charged with this crime. But Chilean judge Nibaldo Segura from the Appeals court refused extradition in July 2005, arguing that they had already been prosecuted in Chile.

Italian terrorist Stefano Delle Chiaie was reportedly also involved in the murder of General Carlos Prats. Along with fellow extremist Vincenzo Vinciguerra, Delle Chiaie testified in Rome in December 1995 before Judge Servini that Enrique Arancibia Clavel (a former Chilean secret police agent prosecuted for crimes against humanity in 2004 and Michael Townley were directly involved in this assassination.)

See also

• 1970 Chilean presidential election
• Schneider Doctrine
• Salvador Allende
• Chile under Allende

• Tanquetazo
• Alejandrina Cox incident
• Chilean coup of 1973
• Operation Condor

External links

• Official biography (Spanish)
• Biography (Spanish)
• The Carlos Prats Assassination
• Human rights report on the case
• Non-official account of murder (Spanish)
• Chilean agent convicted over Prats' killing
• Trial watch
• Letter from Allende thanking him after his resignation (Spanish)

Political offices
Preceded by Jaime Suárez	Minister of the Interior 1972-1973	Succeeded by Gerardo Espinoza
Preceded by Clodomiro Almeyda	Minister of Defense 1973	Succeeded by Orlando Letelier
Military offices
Preceded by René Schneider	Army Commander-in-chief 1970-1973	Succeeded by Augusto Pinochet