Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh
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| Chittoor చిత్తూరు |
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| City | |
 Chittoor
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| Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | |
| Country | India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| Region | Rayalaseema |
| District | Chittoor |
| Area[1] | |
| • City | 95.97 km2 (37.05 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 333.75 m (1,094.98 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • City | 189,332 |
| • Density | 2,000/km2 (5,100/sq mi) |
| • Metro[1] | 203,625 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 517xxx |
| Telephone code | +91–8572 |
| Vehicle registration | AP–03 |
| Website | Chittoor Municipal Corporation |
Chittoor is a city and district headquarters in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the mandal and divisional headquarters of Chittoor mandal and Chittoor revenue division, respectively.[2] The city has a population of 153,766 and that of the agglomeration is 175,640.[3]
Contents
History
Pre-history
The district abounds in several pre-historic sites. The surface finds discovered are assigned to special stages in the progress of civilization. The Palaeolithic tools are discovered at Tirupathi, Sitarampeta, Ellampalle, Mekalavandlapalle, Piler, etc. The Mesolithic tools are discovered at Chinthaparthi, Moratavandlapalle, Aruvandlapalle, Tirupathi etc. Remains of Neolithic and ancient tools are unearthed near Bangarupalem only. The existence of megolithic culture was revealed by the discovery of burials at Irulabanda, Bapanatham, Voyalpadu, Sodum, Velkuru, Nyakaneri, Basinikonda, etc.
Political history
The political history of the district commences with the Mauryas in the 4th century BC. The district of Chittoor was not a homogeneous administrative unit up to 1911. Its component parts were under the control of various principal dynasties at different periods of times, namely, the Mauryas, Satavahanas, Pallavas, Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakutas, Cholas, Pandyas, Royal of Vijayanagara, Qutub Shahis, Mughals, Asof Jahis, Marathas, Hyder Ali and Tipu of Mysore, and the British, besides minor dynasties such as the Renande Cholas, Banas, Vaidumbas, Nolambas, Western Gangas, Yadavas, Telugu Cholas, Matlis, Uttama Chola Ganga, Andiyaman, Siyaganga rulers, Nawabs of Kadapa and Arcot. The Zamindars of Karvetinagar, Srikalahasthi, Punganur and Kangundhi also ruled over this district.[4]
Geography
Chittoor city lies on the banks of Ponnai River at the southernmost part of Andhra Pradesh state. It is located on the NH 4 linking major metropolitan cities of Bangalore and Chennai.
The district derives its name from Chittoor, its headquarters town. It is located between the northern latitudes of 37" and 14??8" and between the eastern longitudes 78??33" and 79??55". It is bounded on the east by Nellore District of Andhra Pradesh and Trivuvallur and Vellore Districts of Tamil Nadu, on the west by Kolar and Chikkaballapur Districts of Karnataka, on the North Kadapa District of Andhra Pradesh and on the south by Dharmapuri District of Tamil Nadu. In respect of area it takes the eighth place with an area of 15,150 Square Kilometers which accounts for 5.51 percent of the total area of the state. The general elevation of the mountainous part of the district is 2500 feet above sea level. The Chennai & Bangalore cities are located in 150 km. and 165 km. respectively to Chittoor Town.[5]
Climate
| Climate data for Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 28.7 (83.7) |
31.4 (88.5) |
34.4 (93.9) |
36.4 (97.5) |
37.8 (100) |
35.5 (95.9) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.3 (91.9) |
32.8 (91) |
31.1 (88) |
28.8 (83.8) |
27.6 (81.7) |
32.61 (90.68) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) |
18.8 (65.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
24.5 (76.1) |
26.2 (79.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.4 (75.9) |
23.8 (74.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
20.2 (68.4) |
18.1 (64.6) |
22.31 (72.17) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 6 (0.24) |
6 (0.24) |
8 (0.31) |
24 (0.94) |
58 (2.28) |
72 (2.83) |
102 (4.02) |
115 (4.53) |
145 (5.71) |
162 (6.38) |
110 (4.33) |
54 (2.13) |
862 (33.94) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org[6] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
Telugu is both the official and widely spoken language.[7] Chittoor also has a sizeable population of Malayalam, Kannada, Tamil, Marathi speaking People. Its Multi cultural and Multi Linguistic. Chittoor has a population of 353,766[8] and has a sex ratio of 1000:1002 as compared to a ratio of 1000:992 in the state, as of 2011 census.[9] The literacy rate of the City is 90.60%.[10] Chittoor was upgraded as municipal corporation in 2011.
Governance
Chittoor Municipal Corporation is the civic administrative body of the city. It was constituted as a Grade–III municipality in the year 1917. It was upgraded to Grade–II in 1950, Grade–I in 1965, Special Grade in 1980 and Selection Grade in 2000. On 7 July 2012, it was upgraded to municipal corporation by merging 14 gram panchayats into the corporation and is spread over an of 69.75 km2 (26.93 sq mi).[11]
Economy
Chittoor is the district capital and houses many district level government institutions.
Chittoor is predominantly an agro-market place and a major market for mango, grain, sugarcane, and peanut. Other industries include oilseed, poultry and milk. Tomato farming contributing over 20% of the State's production. Ground nut is the most major commercial crop in the district followed by sugarcane and the major horticulture crop of mangoes. 2nd largest milk producing district with its expansive dairy industries. In the field of Dairy, the district stood first in the state. The district is famous also for textile industries like that of Silk with 13,000 power looms providing employment 40,000 workers. Granite industry famous for its black, pink and grey granites.[12]
Landmarks
The 11th century historical Chandragiri Fort is the notable landmark near the city.
Education
P. V. K. N. Government College is the government run college in the city.
Transport
The Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation operates bus services from Chittoor bus station.[13]
Politics
Chittoor is an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh.
Notable people
- Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy – educationist and political thinker, essayist and economist, poet and literary critic.[14]
- Talari Manohar – Member of Parliament, Member of Legislative Assembly.
- Chittoor Subramaniam Pillai – Carnatic musician
- Chittor V. Nagaiah – actor
- Prathap C. Reddy – founder and chairman of the Apollo group of hospitals
- Madhurantakam Rajaram – writer, Sahitya Akademi awardee
- Nara Chandrababu Naidu – Chief Minister, Visionary, Chief of TDP[15]
- Late D K Adhikeshavulu – Ex MP, Ex Chairman TTD, Founder Vydehi Hospitals, Liquor Baron
- Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy – Ex Chief Minister
- Dr. Kesava Reddy – Novelist
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Topography/ Boundaries – CHITTOOR DISTRICT'S OFFICIAL WEBSITE | ANDHRA PRADESH | INDIA - చిత్తూరు జిల్లా అధికారిక వెబ్సైట్ - ChittoorDistrictWebsite
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://www.censusindia.gov.in/towns/ap_towns.pdf
- ↑ Sex Ratio of Andhra Pradesh is 992 per 1000 as per Census 2011 | Census 2011 Indian Population. Census2011.co.in (2011-04-27). Retrieved on 2012-01-07.
- ↑ Chittor Municipality. Chittoor.ap.gov.in. Retrieved on 2012-01-07.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Commerce/ Industries – CHITTOOR DISTRICT'S OFFICIAL WEBSITE | ANDHRA PRADESH | INDIA - చిత్తూరు జిల్లా అధికారిక వెబ్సైట్ - ChittoorDistrictWebsite
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Nara Chandrababu Naidu
