Demographics of the Philippines
Demographics of Philippines | |
---|---|
Population | 100,981,437 (2015 census) 102,437,390 today[1] |
Growth rate | 1.9% (2000-2010)[1] |
Birth rate | 19.0 births/1,000 population (2010)[2] |
Death rate | 5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2010)[2] |
Life expectancy | 71.66 years |
• male | 68.72 years |
• female | 74.74 years (2011 est.) |
Fertility rate | 3.0 children born/woman (2013 est.) |
Infant mortality rate | 19.34 deaths/1,000 live births |
Net migration rate | -1.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.) |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 0-14 years: 34.6% (male 17,999,279/female 17,285,040) |
65 and over | 4.4% (male 1,876,805/female 2,471,644) (2011 est.) |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 1 male(s)/female |
At birth | 1.05 male(s)/female |
Under 15 | 1.04 male(s)/female |
15–64 years | 1 male(s)/female |
65 and over | 0.76 male(s)/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Filipinos |
Major ethnic | Visayan (Cebuano, Waray, Hiligaynon/Ilonggo, Karay-a, Aklanon, Masbatenyo, Romblomanon) 31.6%, Tagalog 28.1% (2000 census) |
Minor ethnic | Ilocano 9%, Bikol 6%, Kapampangan 3%, Pangasinan 2%, Zamboangueño 1.5% & others 23.3% (2000 census) |
Language | |
Official | Filipino and English[3] |
Spoken | twelve auxiliary regional languages - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Bikolano, Waray, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Mëranao, Maguindanao, Zamboangueño Chavacano and Tausug |
Demographics of the Philippines are records of human population in the country, including its population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. The Philippines population growth rate between the years 2000-2010 was 1.9%,[1] one of the highest in Asia.[4] According to the 2010 Census, the population of the Philippines was 92,337,852.[5] The population of the Philippines was first estimated in 1830 with 2.5 million people.[6] As of July 27, 2014, it is estimated to have reached 100 million.[7]
The majority of Filipinos are made up of various ethnolinguistic Austronesian ethnic groups, while the Aetas, as well as other highland groups form a minority. The indigenous population is related to the indigenous populations of the Malay Archipelago. Ethnic groups that have been in the Philippines for centuries before European and American colonial rule have assimilated, such as Japanese people, Han Chinese and Indian people form a part of the population.[8][9] [10] Due to Spanish colonization, some Filipinos have Spanish ancestry.[11]
There are many most commonly spoken languages are Tagalog, Ilocano, Cebuano, Kapampangan, Zamboangueño Chavacano, Pangasinan, Bicolano, Zambal, Waray, Ilonggo, Tausug, Maranao and Maguindanao and each of this language is spoken by their respective Ethno-linguistic Nation "Ethnic Group" as their Ethnic's mother tongue. English and Spanish are the official languages. Additionally, there are between 120 to 170 distinct indigenous Philippine languages (depending on their classification), a dozen of which have over one million speakers and are recognized as official regional languages. Spanish and Arabic are recognized as voluntary and optional languages in the Philippine constitution.[3] Christianity is the main religion, with Roman Catholicism making up the majority of the population. Other religions include Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and those with no religion.[12] The people of the Philippines are known as Filipinos as their 'Common Sense of National Identity' and Citizenship.
Contents
Population history
The first census in the Philippines was founded in 1591, based on tributes collected. Based on this tribute counting, there were about 666,712 people in the islands. Thus, during this era, the Philippines was among the most sparsely populated lands in Asia. In contrast, Japan during that era (1500's) already had a population of 8 Million or Mexico had a population of 4 million, which was huge compared to the Philippine's mere 600,000. In 1600, the method of population counting was revamped by the Spanish officials, who then based the counting of the population through church records. In 1798, the population of Luzon or Luconia was estimated to be around 600,000 with the other islands, unknown. In 1799, Friar Manuel Buzeta estimated the population count of all Philippine islands as 1,502,574. However, the first official census was conducted only in 1878, when the population as of midnight on December 31, 1877 was counted. This was followed by two more censuses, namely, the 1887 census, and the 1898 census. The 1887 census yielded a count of 6,984,727,[13] while that of 1898 yielded 7,832,719 inhabitants.[14]
1903 census
In 1903 the population of the Philippines was recounted by American authorities to fulfill Act 467. The survey yielded 7,635,426 people, including 56,138 who were foreign-born.[15]
1920 census
According to the 1920 United States Census, there were 10,314,310 people in the Philippines.[16] 99 percent were Filipino; 51,751 were either Chinese or Japanese; 34,563 were of mixed race; 12,577 were White; and 7,523 were Black.[16]
1939
The 1939 census was undertaken in conformity with Section 1 of Commonwealth Act 170.[17] The Philippine population figure was 16,000,303.[18]
1941
In 1941 the estimated population of the Philippines reached 17,000,000.[19] Manila's population was 684,000.[citation needed]
By then, some 27% of the population could speak English as a second language, while the number of Spanish speakers as first language had further fallen to 3% from 10-14% at the beginning of the century. However, Spanish as a second language continued to be spoken and understood at varying levels of expertise, far more than English. In 1936, Tagalog was selected to be the basis for a national language.[20][unreliable source] In 1987, the Tagalog language was imposed as the national language.[21]
Philippine census surveys
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1960 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2007 | 2010 |
27,087,685 | 36,684,486 | 42,070,660 | 48,098,460 | 60,703,206 | 68,616,536 | 76,506,928 | 88,566,732 | 92,337,852 |
In 1960, the government of the Philippines conducted a survey on both population, and housing. The population was pegged at 27,087,685. Successive surveys were again conducted on 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1990, which gave the population as 36,684,948, 42,070,660, 48,098,460, and 60,703,206 respectively. On 1995, the POPCEN was launched, undertaken at the month of September, The data provided the bases for the Internal Revenue Allocation to local government units, and for the creation of new legislative areas. The count was made official by then President Fidel Ramos by Proclamation No, 849 on August 14, 1995, The population was 68,616,536.
According to the executive director of the Commission on Population Tomas Osias, the population of the Philippines may reach 101.2 million by 2014. Attempts to introduce a reproductive health law to bring down the population growth rate has been consistently opposed by several religious groups, one of them prominently the Roman Catholic Church, the dominant religion of the country.[4]
Vital statistics
UN estimates
Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR1 | CDR1 | NC1 | TFR1 | IMR1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950-1955 | 981 000 | 269 000 | 712 000 | 48.6 | 13.3 | 35.3 | 7.42 | 96.8 |
1955-1960 | 1 095 000 | 285 000 | 810 000 | 45.7 | 11.9 | 33.8 | 7.27 | 86.5 |
1960-1965 | 1 218 000 | 299 000 | 919 000 | 43.0 | 10.6 | 32.5 | 6.98 | 77.4 |
1965-1970 | 1 334 000 | 311 000 | 1 023 000 | 40.4 | 9.4 | 31.0 | 6.54 | 67.8 |
1970-1975 | 1 461 000 | 326 000 | 1 136 000 | 38.3 | 8.5 | 29.8 | 5.98 | 59.3 |
1975-1980 | 1 643 000 | 346 000 | 1 297 000 | 37.4 | 7.9 | 29.5 | 5.46 | 51.8 |
1980-1985 | 1 801 000 | 368 000 | 1 433 000 | 35.6 | 7.3 | 28.3 | 4.92 | 45.2 |
1985-1990 | 1 968 000 | 393 000 | 1 575 000 | 34.0 | 6.8 | 27.2 | 4.53 | 39.5 |
1990-1995 | 2 084 000 | 419 000 | 1 664 000 | 31.8 | 6.4 | 25.4 | 4.14 | 34.5 |
1995-2000 | 2 216 000 | 450 000 | 1 766 000 | 30.2 | 6.1 | 24.1 | 3.90 | 30.1 |
2000-2005 | 2 360 000 | 487 000 | 1 873 000 | 29.0 | 6.0 | 23.0 | 3.70 | 26.3 |
2005-2010 | 2 318 000 | 528 000 | 1 790 000 | 25.9 | 5.9 | 20.0 | 3.27 | 23.0 |
1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births |
Fertility and Births
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[24]
Year | CBR (Total) | TFR (Total) | CBR (Urban) | TFR (Urban) | CBR (Rural) | TFR (Rural) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1993 | 29,7 | 4,09 (2,9) | 28,5 | 3,53 (2,6) | 30,9 | 4,82 (3,3) |
1998 | 28,0 | 3,73 (2,7) | 25,8 | 3,01 (2,3) | 30,1 | 4,67 (3,3) |
2003 | 25,6 | 3,5 (2,5) | 24,7 | 3,0 (2,2) | 26,7 | 4,3 (3,0) |
2008 | 23,4 | 3,3 (2,4) | 21,6 | 2,8 (2,1) | 24,6 | 3,8 (2,7) |
2013 | 22,1 | 3,0 (2,2) | 21,5 | 2,6 (1,9) | 22,6 | 3,5 (2,5) |
Year by year
Source: Philippines Stat, Philippines Total Fertility Rate 1960-2010[not in citation given] and SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL VITAL STATISTICS IN THE PHILIPPINES: 1903-2010
Average population (x 1000) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | Infant mortality rate (per 1000 births) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1903 | 7 635 | 284 000 | 329 671 | -44 871 | 37.3 | 43.2 | -5.9 | ||
1904 | 7 659 | 216 176 | 146 894 | 69 282 | 28.2 | 19.2 | 9.0 | ||
1905 | 7 699 | 244 586 | 166 555 | 78 031 | 31.8 | 21.6 | 10.2 | ||
1906 | 7 761 | 215 296 | 143 284 | 72 012 | 27.7 | 18.5 | 9.2 | ||
1907 | 7 844 | 258 010 | 138 464 | 119 546 | 32.9 | 17.7 | 15.2 | ||
1908 | 7 964 | 278 369 | 190 495 | 87 874 | 35.0 | 23.9 | 11.1 | ||
1909 | 8 095 | 234 726 | 179 355 | 55 371 | 29.0 | 22.2 | 6.8 | ||
1910 | 8 220 | 290 210 | 191 576 | 98 634 | 35.3 | 23.3 | 12.0 | ||
1911 | 8 387 | 302 855 | 188 412 | 114 443 | 36.1 | 22.5 | 13.6 | ||
1912 | 8 576 | 290 995 | 185 185 | 105 810 | 33.9 | 21.6 | 12.3 | ||
1913 | 8 786 | 316 056 | 154 086 | 161 970 | 36.0 | 17.5 | 18.5 | ||
1914 | 9 017 | 347 337 | 163 943 | 183 394 | 38.5 | 18.2 | 20.3 | ||
1915 | 9 269 | 327 206 | 176 313 | 150 893 | 35.3 | 19.0 | 16.3 | ||
1916 | 9 542 | 340 269 | 195 970 | 144 659 | 35.7 | 20.5 | 15.2 | ||
1917 | 9 836 | 353 283 | 212 334 | 140 949 | 35.9 | 21.6 | 14.3 | ||
1918 | 10 314 | 345 751 | 367 106 | -21 355 | 33.5 | 35.6 | -2.1 | ||
1919 | 10 324 | 306 832 | 326 716 | -19 884 | 29.7 | 31.6 | -1.9 | ||
1920 | 10 445 | 351 195 | 200 690 | 150 505 | 33.6 | 19.2 | 14.4 | ||
1921 | 10 673 | 364 432 | 205 654 | 158 778 | 34.1 | 19.3 | 14.8 | ||
1922 | 10 908 | 373 506 | 203 237 | 170 269 | 34.2 | 18.6 | 15.6 | ||
1923 | 11 152 | 385 418 | 202 981 | 182 437 | 34.6 | 18.2 | 16.4 | ||
1924 | |||||||||
1925 | |||||||||
1926 | 11 935 | 400 439 | 229 928 | 170 511 | 33.6 | 19.3 | 14.3 | 156.7 | |
1927 | 12 212 | 414 357 | 229 328 | 185 029 | 33.9 | 18.8 | 15.1 | 152.5 | |
1928 | 12 498 | 422 716 | 218 096 | 204 620 | 33.8 | 17.5 | 16.3 | 150.1 | |
1929 | 12 792 | 428 996 | 237 733 | 191 263 | 33.5 | 18.6 | 14.9 | 161.6 | |
1930 | 13 094 | 429 245 | 252 988 | 176 257 | 32.8 | 19.3 | 13.5 | 165.0 | |
1931 | 13 405 | 440 159 | 240 825 | 199 334 | 32.8 | 18.0 | 14.8 | 155.1 | |
1932 | 13 724 | 446 940 | 211 809 | 235 131 | 32.6 | 15.4 | 17.1 | 137.6 | |
1933 | 14 051 | 459 682 | 227 594 | 232 088 | 32.7 | 16.2 | 16.5 | 145.8 | |
1934 | 14 387 | 447 738 | 239 703 | 208 035 | 31.1 | 16.7 | 14.4 | 160.8 | |
1935 | 14 731 | 461 410 | 257 181 | 204 229 | 31.3 | 17.5 | 13.8 | 153.4 | |
1936 | 15 084 | 485 126 | 239 107 | 246 019 | 32.2 | 15.9 | 16.3 | 134.0 | |
1937 | 15 445 | 513 760 | 254 740 | 259 020 | 33.3 | 16.5 | 16.8 | 137.3 | |
1938 | 15 814 | 512 389 | 261 848 | 250 541 | 32.4 | 16.6 | 15.8 | 139.0 | |
1939 | 16 000 | 522 432 | 273 141 | 249 291 | 32.7 | 16.9 | 15.8 | 146.2 | |
1940 | 16 460 | 535 117 | 273 480 | 261 637 | 32.5 | 16.6 | 15.9 | 135.8 | |
1941 | |||||||||
1942 | |||||||||
1943 | |||||||||
1944 | |||||||||
1945 | |||||||||
1946 | 18 434 | 533 283 | 278 546 | 254 737 | 28.9 | 15.1 | 13.8 | 125.5 | |
1947 | 18 786 | 272 226 | 238 527 | 33 699 | 14.5 | 12.7 | 1.8 | 234.4 | |
1948 | 19 234 | 602 415 | 243 467 | 358 948 | 31.3 | 12.7 | 18.6 | 114.4 | |
1949 | 19 509 | 609 138 | 231 151 | 377 987 | 31.2 | 11.8 | 19.4 | 108.5 | |
1950 | 19 881 | 642 472 | 226 505 | 415 967 | 32.3 | 11.4 | 20.9 | 101.6 | |
1951 | 20 260 | 637 264 | 237 937 | 399 327 | 31.5 | 11.7 | 19.8 | 105.5 | |
1952 | 20 646 | 650 725 | 241 020 | 409 705 | 31.5 | 11.7 | 19.8 | 101.2 | |
1953 | 21 039 | 468 489 | 239 988 | 228 501 | 22.3 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 148.8 | |
1954 | 22 869 | 702 662 | 217 650 | 485 012 | 30.7 | 9.5 | 21.2 | 94.2 | |
1955 | 23 568 | 734 761 | 212 798 | 521 963 | 31.2 | 9.0 | 22.2 | 84.3 | |
1956 | 24 288 | 542 249 | 205 581 | 336 668 | 22.3 | 8.5 | 13.8 | 110.9 | |
1957 | 25 030 | 514 202 | 199 919 | 314 283 | 20.5 | 8.0 | 12.5 | 112.9 | |
1958 | 25 795 | 484 592 | 185 437 | 299 155 | 18.6 | 7.2 | 11.4 | 109.2 | |
1959 | 26 584 | 616 893 | 176 448 | 440 445 | 23.2 | 6.6 | 16.6 | 93.4 | |
1960 | 27 088 | 649 651 | 196 544 | 453 107 | 24.0 | 7.3 | 16.7 | 7,15 | 84.6 |
1961 | 28 214 | 647 846 | 207 436 | 440 410 | 23.0 | 7.3 | 15.7 | 7,09 | 88.4 |
1962 | 29 064 | 775 146 | 169 880 | 605 266 | 26.7 | 5.9 | 20.8 | 7,02 | 58.6 |
1963 | 29 937 | 786 698 | 214 412 | 572 286 | 26.3 | 7.2 | 19.1 | 6,95 | 72.8 |
1964 | 30 841 | 802 648 | 222 097 | 580 551 | 26.0 | 7.2 | 18.8 | 6,87 | 70.5 |
1965 | 31 770 | 795 415 | 234 935 | 560 480 | 25.0 | 7.4 | 17.6 | 6,78 | 72.9 |
1966 | 32 727 | 823 342 | 236 396 | 586 946 | 25.2 | 7.2 | 18.0 | 6,69 | 72.0 |
1967 | 33 713 | 840 302 | 240 122 | 600 180 | 24.9 | 7.1 | 17.8 | 6,59 | 72.2 |
1968 | 34 728 | 898 570 | 261 893 | 636 677 | 25.9 | 7.5 | 18.4 | 6,48 | 71.0 |
1969 | 35 774 | 946 753 | 241 678 | 705 075 | 26.5 | 6.8 | 19.7 | 6,38 | 67.3 |
1970 | 36 684 | 966 762 | 234 038 | 732 724 | 26.4 | 6.4 | 20.0 | 6,26 | 60.0 |
1971 | 37 902 | 963 749 | 250 139 | 713 610 | 25.4 | 6.6 | 18.8 | 6,15 | 62.0 |
1972 | 38 991 | 968 385 | 285 761 | 682 624 | 24.8 | 7.3 | 17.5 | 6,04 | 67.9 |
1973 | 40 123 | 1 049 290 | 283 475 | 765 815 | 26.2 | 7.1 | 19.1 | 5,93 | 64.7 |
1974 | 41 279 | 1 081 073 | 283 975 | 797 098 | 26.2 | 6.9 | 19.3 | 5,82 | 58.7 |
1975 | 42 071 | 1 223 837 | 271 136 | 952 701 | 29.1 | 6.4 | 22.7 | 5,72 | 53.3 |
1976 | 43 338 | 1 314 860 | 299 861 | 1 014 999 | 30.3 | 6.9 | 23.4 | 5,61 | 56.9 |
1977 | 44 417 | 1 344 836 | 308 904 | 1 035 932 | 30.3 | 7.0 | 23.3 | 5,51 | 56.8 |
1978 | 45 498 | 1 387 588 | 297 034 | 1 090 554 | 30.5 | 6.5 | 24.0 | 5,40 | 53.1 |
1979 | 46 592 | 1 429 814 | 306 427 | 1 123 387 | 30.7 | 6.6 | 24.1 | 5,29 | 50.2 |
1980 | 48 098 | 1 456 860 | 298 006 | 1 158 854 | 30.3 | 6.2 | 24.1 | 5,18 | 45.1 |
1981 | 49 536 | 1 461 204 | 301 117 | 1 160 087 | 29.5 | 6.1 | 23.4 | 5,08 | 44.1 |
1982 | 50 783 | 1 474 491 | 308 758 | 1 165 733 | 29.0 | 6.1 | 22.9 | 4,98 | 41.8 |
1983 | 52 055 | 1 506 356 | 327 260 | 1 179 096 | 28.9 | 6.3 | 22.6 | 4,88 | 42.7 |
1984 | 53 351 | 1 478 205 | 313 359 | 1 164 846 | 27.7 | 5.9 | 21.8 | 4,80 | 38.5 |
1985 | 54 668 | 1 437 154 | 334 663 | 1 102 491 | 26.3 | 6.1 | 20.2 | 4,71 | 38.0 |
1986 | 56 004 | 1 493 995 | 326 749 | 1 167 246 | 26.7 | 5.8 | 20.9 | 4,63 | 35.0 |
1987 | 57 356 | 1 582 469 | 335 254 | 1 247 215 | 27.6 | 5.8 | 21.8 | 4,55 | 32.1 |
1988 | 58 721 | 1 565 372 | 325 098 | 1 240 274 | 26.7 | 5.5 | 21.2 | 4,48 | 30.1 |
1989 | 60 097 | 1 565 254 | 325 621 | 1 239 633 | 26.0 | 5.4 | 20.6 | 4,40 | 27.5 |
1990 | 60 703 | 1 631 069 | 313 890 | 1 317 179 | 26.9 | 5.4 | 21.5 | 4,32 | 24.3 |
1991 | 63 729 | 1 643 296 | 298 063 | 1 345 233 | 25.8 | 4.7 | 21.1 | 4,25 | 20.9 |
1992 | 65 339 | 1 684 395 | 319 579 | 1 364 816 | 25.8 | 4.9 | 20.9 | 4,18 | 21.9 |
1993 | 66 982 | 1 680 896 | 318 546 | 1 362 350 | 25.1 | 4.8 | 20.3 | 4,11 | 20.6 |
1994 | 68 624 | 1 645 011 | 321 440 | 1 323 571 | 24.0 | 4.7 | 19.3 | 4,06 | 18.9 |
1995 | 68 617 | 1 645 043 | 324 737 | 1 320 306 | 24.0 | 4.7 | 19.3 | 4,01 | 18.6 |
1996 | 69 951 | 1 608 468 | 344 363 | 1 264 105 | 23.0 | 4.9 | 18.1 | 3,96 | 19.0 |
1997 | 71 549 | 1 653 236 | 339 400 | 1 313 836 | 23.1 | 4.7 | 18.4 | 3,92 | 17.0 |
1998 | 73 147 | 1 632 859 | 352 992 | 1 279 867 | 22.3 | 4.8 | 17.5 | 3,89 | 17.3 |
1999 | 74 746 | 1 613 335 | 347 989 | 1 265 346 | 21.6 | 4.7 | 16.9 | 3,85 | 15.6 |
2000 | 76 348 | 1 766 440 | 366 931 | 1 399 509 | 23.1 | 4.8 | 18.3 | 3,81 | 15.7 |
2001 | 77 926 | 1 714 093 | 381 834 | 1 332 259 | 22.0 | 4.9 | 17.1 | 3,77 | 15.2 |
2002 | 79 503 | 1 666 773 | 396 297 | 1 270 476 | 21.0 | 5.0 | 16.0 | 3,71 | 14.2 |
2003 | 81 081 | 1 669 442 | 396 331 | 1 273 111 | 20.6 | 4.9 | 15.7 | 3,64 | 13.7 |
2004 | 82 663 | 1 710 994 | 403 191 | 1 307 803 | 20.7 | 4.9 | 15.8 | 3,57 | 13.2 |
2005 | 84 241 | 1 688 918 | 426 054 | 1 262 864 | 20.0 | 5.1 | 14.9 | 3,48 | 12.8 |
2006 | 86 973 | 1 663 029 | 441 036 | 1 221 993 | 19.1 | 5.1 | 14.0 | 3,40 | 13.1 |
2007 | 88 706 | 1 749 878 | 441 956 | 1 307 922 | 19.7 | 5.0 | 14.7 | 3,33 | 12.4 |
2008 | 90 457 | 1 784 316 | 461 581 | 1 322 735 | 19.7 | 5.1 | 14.6 | 3,26 | 12.5 |
2009 | 92 227 | 1 745 585 | 480 820 | 1 264 765 | 18.9 | 5.2 | 13.7 | 3,20 | 12.4 |
2010 | 94 013 | 1 782 981 | 488 265 | 1 294 716 | 19.0 | 5.2 | 13.8 | 3,15 | 12.6 |
2011 | 95 053 | 1 746 864 | 498 486 | 1 248 378 | 18.4 | 5.2 | 13.2 | ||
2012 | 1 790 367 | ||||||||
2013 | 1 761 102 |
Ethnic groups
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The majority of the people in the Philippines are of Austronesian descent. The largest of these groups are the Visayan, Tagalog, Ilocano, Bicolano, Moro, the Kapampangan, the Zamboangueño and among others. The indigenous peoples of the Philippines form a minority of the population. Other ethnic groups include the Spaniard, Indian, Chinese, American, Japanese, Arab, Korean, and other ethnic groups from other countries. Further, there are more than 175 ethnolinguistic nations in the Philippines. Each ethnic group has their own Mother Tongue 'Sariling Wika', their own culture, identity, literature, tradition, music, dances, foods, beliefs, and history, which are part of the Filipino culture.
Languages
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There are between 120 and 170 languages in the Philippines archipelago spoken by the respective Filipino ethno-linguistic nation or ethnic group. Most of them have several varieties (dialects), totaling over 300 across the archipelago. In the 1930s in an act of cultural hegemony, the government imposed the use of the Tagalog language as the national language.[21][25] Visayan languages (also called Bisaya or Binisaya) are widely spoken throughout the Visayas and in most parts of Mindanao. Ilokano is the lingua franca of Northern Luzon excluding Pangasinan. Zamboangueño Chavacano is the official language of Zamboanga City and lingua franca of Basilan.
Filipino and English are the official languages of the country for purposes of communication and instruction.[3] Consequently, English is widely spoken and understood, although standards and fluency have slipped as the prevalence of Tagalog in primary and secondary educational institutions has increased.
Religion
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The U. S. Department of State International Religious Freedom (IRF) report for 2012, citing a year 2000 survey from the Philippine Statistics Authority, reports that 80-85% of Filipinos were then Roman Catholics, with 93% being Christian, and that 5% of the population was then Islamic.The 2012 IRF report also reports that an estimate by the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF) in 2011 stated that there were then 10.3 million Muslims, or about 11 percent of the total population.[26] In 2000, according to the "World Values Survey", 1.8% were Protestant Christians and 10.9% were then irreligious.[27] Other Christian denominations include the Iglesia ni Cristo (one of a number of separate Churches of Christ generally not affiliated with one another), Philippine Independent Church (more commonly called the Aglipayan Church), Members Church of God International, and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Minority religions include Buddhism, Hinduism, and Judaism. Roman Catholics and Protestants were converted during the four centuries of Western influence by Spain, and the United States. Under Spanish rule, much of the population was converted to Christianity.
Orthodox Christians also live in Philippines. Protestant Christianity arrived in the Philippines during the 20th century, introduced by American missionaries.
Other religions include Judaism, Mahayana Buddhism, often mixed with Taoist beliefs, Hinduism, and Sikhism. Animism and Paganism are also followed.
Education
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Education in the Philippines is based on both Western and Eastern ideology and philosophy influenced by the United States, Spain, and its neighbouring Asian countries. Philippine students enter public school at about age four, starting from nursery school up to kindergarten. At about seven years of age, students enter elementary school (6 to 7 years). This is followed by high school (4 years) and senior high school (2 years). Students then take the college entrance examinations (CEE), after which they enter university (3 to 5 years). Other types of schools include private school, preparatory school, international school, laboratory high school, and science high school. School year in the Philippines starts from June, and ends in March with a two-month summer break from April to May, one week of semestral break in October, and a week or two during Christmas and New Year holidays.
Starting on in SY 2011–2012 there will be a phased implementation of a new program. The K to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of junior high school, and two years of senior high school [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and entrepreneurship.[28]
Publications
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 http://www.popcom.gov.ph/population-statistics
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/crd/article/SUMMARY%20OF%20PRINCIPAL%20VITAL%20STATISTICS.pdf/
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Philippine population to reach 97.6 M, Manila Bulletin, December 31, 2011, retrieved January 1, 2012 (archived from the original on March 7, 2012)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The PHILIPPINES historical demographic data of the whole country [1]
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Tamil Cultural Association - Tamil Language
- ↑ Philippine History: Impluwensya ng mga Hindu sa mga Pilipino - YouTube
- ↑ The Cultural Influences of India, China, Arabia, and Japan | Philippine Almanac
- ↑ Jagor, Fëdor, et al. (1870). The Former Philippines thru Foreign Eyes
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
- ↑ MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found., ISBN 90-272-4891-5, ISBN 978-90-272-4891-6.
- ↑ International Religious Freedom Report 2012 : Philippines, U.S. Department of State.
- ↑ Dentsu Communication Institute Inc., Research Centre for Japan (2006)(Japanese)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document "2011 edition".
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