Eredivisie

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For other uses, see Eredivisie (disambiguation).
Eredivisie
190px
Country Netherlands
Confederation UEFA
Founded 1956; 68 years ago (1956)
Number of teams 18
Level on pyramid 1
Relegation to Eerste Divisie
Domestic cup(s) KNVB Cup
Johan Cruijff Shield
International cup(s) Champions League
Europa League
Current champions PSV (22nd title)
(2014–15)
Most championships Ajax (33 titles)
TV partners Fox Sports Eredivisie
NOS (Highlights)
Website Eredivisie.nl
2015–16 Eredivisie

The Eredivisie (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈeːrədiˌvizi]; "Honor Division") is the highest echelon of professional football in the Netherlands. The league was founded in 1956, two years after the start of professional football in the Netherlands. At the end of the 2012–2013 season it was ranked the ninth best league in Europe by UEFA.[1]

The top division consists of 18 clubs. Each club meets every other club twice during the season, once at home and once away. At the end of each season, the club at the bottom is automatically relegated to the second level of the Dutch league system, the Eerste Divisie (First Division). At the same time, the champion of the Eerste Divisie will be automatically promoted to the Eredivisie. The next two clubs from the bottom of the Eredivisie go to separate promotion/relegation play-offs. The play-offs are played in two groups. Each group has one Eredivisie club and three high-placed clubs from the Eerste Divisie. In both promotion/relegation play-off groups, each club plays a home-and-away series with the other clubs. The winner of each play-off group plays in the following season's Eredivisie, with the other teams going to the Eerste Divisie.

The winner of the Eredivisie claims the Dutch national championship. AFC Ajax has won most titles, 24 (33 national titles). PSV Eindhoven are next with 18 (21), and Feyenoord follow with 9 (14). Since 1965, these three clubs have won all except for three titles (the 1981 and 2009 titles went to AZ and FC Twente won the 2010 title).

From 1990 to 1999, the official name of the league was PTT Telecompetitie (after the sponsor, PTT Telecom), which was changed to KPN Telecompetitie (because PTT Telecom changed its name to KPN Telecom in 1999) and to KPN Eredivisie in 2000. From 2002 to 2005, the league was called the Holland Casino Eredivisie. Since the 2005–06 season, the league has been sponsored by the Sponsorloterij (lottery), but for legal reasons its name could not be attached to the league (the Dutch government was against the name, because the Eredivisie would, after Holland Casino's sponsorship, yet again be sponsored by a company providing games of chance). On 8 August 2012 it was made public that the American-based Australian tycoon Rupert Murdoch had secured the rights to the Eredivisie for 12 years at the expense of 1 billion euros, beginning in the 2013/2014 season.[2] Within this deal the five largest Eredivisie clubs should receive 5 million euros per year for the duration of the contract.[3]

History

From the foundation of the Dutch football championship until 1954, the title was decided through play-offs by a handful of clubs who had previously won their regional league.[4] The competition was purely an amateur one; the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) rejected any form of payment and suspended players who were caught receiving salary or transfer fees.[5] The call for professional football grew in the early fifties after many national team members left to play abroad in search for financial benefits.[6] The KNVB would usually suspend these players, preventing them to appear for the Dutch national team. After the North Sea flood of 1953, the Dutch players abroad (mainly playing in the French league) organised a charity match against the French national team in Paris. The match was boycotted by the KNVB, but after the assembled Dutch players defeated the French (2–1), the Dutch public witnessed the heights that could be achieved through professional football.[7] To serve the growing interest, a dissident professional football association (the NBVB) and league were founded for the 1954–55 season.[8] On 3 July 1954, the KNVB met with a group of concerned amateur club chairmen, who feared the best players would join the professional teams. The meeting, dubbed the slaapkamerconferentie ('bedroom conference'), led to the Association reluctantly accepting semi-professionalism.[5]

Meanwhile, both the KNVB and the NBVB started their separate competition. The first professional football match was contested between Alkmaar and Venlo.[5] The leagues went on for eleven rounds, before a merger was negotiated between the two federations in November. Both leagues were cancelled and a new, combined competition emerged immediately. De Graafschap, Amsterdam, Alkmaar and Fortuna '54 from the NBVB were accepted to the new league. Other clubs merged, which led to new names like Rapid J.C., Holland Sport and Roda Sport. The first (semi-)professional league was won by Willem II.[9] For the 1956–57 season, the KNVB abandoned the regional league system. The Eredivisie was founded, in which the eighteen best clubs nationwide directly played for the league title without play-offs. The inaugural members of the Eredivisie in 1956 were Ajax, BVC, BVV, DOS, EVV, Elinkwijk, SC Enschede, Feijenoord, Fortuna '54, GVAV, MVV, NAC, NOAD, PSV, Rapid J.C., Sparta, VVV '03 and Willem II.[10] Ajax was the first team to claim the title that season.[10]

Current teams (2015–16)

Club
 City Capacity Position
in 2014–15		 First season
in Eredivisie		 Number of seasons
in Eredivisie		 First season of
current spell		 Number of seasons
of current spell		 Eredivisie titles National titles Last title
Ajaxa b Amsterdam 53.502 2nd 1956–57 60 1956–57 60 25 33 2014
AZ Alkmaar 17.250 3rd 1968–69 38 1998–99 18 2 2 2009
Cambuur Leeuwarden 10.250 12th 1992–93 7 2013–14 3 0 0 -
ADO Den Haag The Hague 15.000 13th 1957–58 42 2008–09 8 0 2 1943
Excelsior Rotterdam 3.785 15th 1970–71 19 2014–15 2 0 0 -
Feyenoorda b Rotterdam 51.137 4th 1956–57 60 1956–57 60 9 14 1999
De Graafschap Doetinchem 12.600 Eerste Divisie: 6th 1973–74 20 2015–16 1 0 0 -
Groningen Groningen 22.579 8th 1971–72 37 2000–01 16 0 0 -
SC Heerenveen Heerenveen 26.100 7th 1990–91 24 1993–94 23 0 0 -
Heracles Almelo Almelo 12.080 14th 1962–63 16 2005–06 11 0 2 1941
N.E.C. Nijmegen 12.500 Eerste Divisie: 1st 1967–68 39 2015–16 1 0 0 -
PSVa b Eindhoven 36.500 1st 1956–57 60 1956–57 60 19 22 2015
Roda JC Kerkrade Kerkrade 19.979 Eerste Divisie: 3rd 1973–74 42 2015–16 1 0 0 -
Twente Enschede 30.205 10th 1965–66 50 1984–85 32 1 1 2010
Vitesse Arnhem 25.500 5th 1971–72 31 1989–90 27 0 0 -
Willem IIa Tilburg 14.700 9th 1956–57 40 2014–15 2 0 0 -
Utrechtb Utrecht 23.750 11th 1970–71 46 1970–71 46 0 0 -
PEC Zwolle Zwolle 12.500 6th 1978–79 16 2012–13 4 0 0 -

a Founding member of the Eredivisie
b Never been relegated from the Eredivisie

National champions

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Main article: List of Dutch football champions
Club Winner Runner-up Winning Years
Ajax 33
Competitiester.svgCompetitiester.svgCompetitiester.svg		 22 1917–18, 1918–19, 1930–31, 1931–32, 1933–34, 1936–37, 1938–39, 1946–47, 1956–57, 1959–60, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1969–70, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1994–95, 1995–96, 1997–98, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14
PSV Eindhoven 22
Competitiester.svgCompetitiester.svg		 14 1928–29, 1934–35, 1950–51, 1962–63, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1977–78, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1996–97, 1999–00, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2014–15
Feyenoord 14
Competitiester.svg		 21 1923–24, 1927–28, 1935–36, 1937–38, 1939–40, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1964–65, 1968–69, 1970–71, 1973–74, 1983–84, 1992–93, 1998–99
HVV Den Haag 10
Competitiester.svg		 1 1890–91, 1895–96, 1899–00, 1900–01, 1901–02, 1902–03, 1904–05, 1906–07, 1909–10, 1913–14
Sparta Rotterdam 6 – 1908–09, 1910–11, 1911–12, 1912–13, 1914–15, 1958–59
RAP 5 3 1891–92, 1893–94, 1896–97, 1897–98, 1898–99
Go Ahead Eagles 4 5 1916–17, 1921–22, 1929–30, 1932–33
HFC 3 3 1889–90, 1892–93, 1894–95
Willem II 3 1 1915–16, 1951–52, 1954–55
HBS Craeyenhout 3 – 1903–04, 1905–06, 1924–25
AZ 2 2 1980–81, 2008–09
Heracles Almelo 2 1 1926–27, 1940–41
ADO Den Haag 2 – 1941–42, 1942–43
RCH 2 – 1922–23, 1952–53
NAC 1 4 1920–21
FC Twente 1 3 2009–10
DWS 1 3 1963–64
Rapid JC 1 2 1955–56
Be Quick 1 2 1919–20
FC Eindhoven 1 2 1953–54
SC Enschede 1 1 1925–26
DOS 1 1 1957–58
FC Den Bosch 1 1 1947–48
De Volewijckers 1 – 1943–44
Haarlem 1 – 1945–46
Limburgia 1 – 1949–50
SVV 1 – 1948–49
Quick Den Haag 1 – 1907–08
VV Concordia 1 – 1888–89

Playoffs

European competition

Position Playoff Qualification to
1  – Champions League group stage
2  – Champions League 3rd qualifying round for non-champions
3 / 4  – Europa League 3rd qualifying round
4 – 7 / 5 – 6 Europa League 4th vs 7th and 5th vs 6th or 5th vs 8th and 6th vs 7th; the two winners play each other to qualify for:
Europa League 2nd qualifying round
Cup winner  – Europa League Group Stage

Relegation

Position Playoff Following season
16 – 17 Nacompetitie Two Eredivisie teams each play two teams from the Eerste Divisie against relegation
18  – Relegation to Eerste Divisie

Attendance

2012–13 Attendance
Club Attendance
Ajax 50,490
Feyenoord 45,500
PSV 33,129
Heerenveen 24,732
FC Twente 29,453
FC Groningen 21,126
FC Utrecht 17,153
Vitesse 18,462
NAC Breda 17,324
AZ 16,462
Roda JC 13,501
Willem II 11,313
NEC 12,341
PEC Zwolle 12,500
ADO Den Haag 10,319
Heracles Almelo 8,459
Average 19,827

Since the beginning of the league, there have been three clubs with an attendance much higher than the others: Ajax, PSV and Feyenoord. Clubs like Heerenveen, FC Twente and FC Groningen also have fairly large fanbases. The regular season average league attendance was just over 7,000 in 1990, but this figure has risen sharply over the years thanks to the opening of new stadiums and the expansion of existing ones nationwide. Average attendance for the 2008–09 season was 19,827, with AFC Ajax having the largest (49,014) and FC Volendam having the smallest (5,460). Ajax' figures however differ from those provided by the Amsterdam ArenA since the club counts all tickets sold instead of the number of people going through the turnstiles.

All-time ranking (since 1956)

Last updated following the 2014–15 season
Rank Club Seasons Played Won Drawn Lost Points Avg. Points Goals for Goals against Goal difference Champions
1 Ajax 59 1990 1310 362 318 4292 2,16 5018 2058 2960 24
2 PSV 59 1990 1198 427 365 4021 2,02 4571 2114 2457 18
3 Feyenoord 59 1990 1123 468 399 3837 1,93 4241 2295 1946 9
4 FC Twente 49 1662 742 450 470 2676 1,61 2672 2070 602 1
5 Sparta Rotterdam 51 1718 603 485 630 2294 1,34 2600 2665 -65 1
6 FC Utrecht 45 1530 556 391 583 2059 1,35 2156 2315 -159
7 Roda JC 41 1394 540 363 491 1983 1,42 2158 2033 125
8 NAC Breda 48 1620 515 425 680 1970 1,22 2169 2681 -512
9 AZ/'67 37 1258 529 316 413 1903 1,51 2073 1731 342 2
10 ADO/FC Den Haag 41 1378 455 352 571 1717 1,25 1984 2262 -278
11 FC Groningen 36 1224 419 335 470 1592 1,30 1740 1908 -168
12 Willem II 39 1318 405 299 614 1514 1,15 1855 2376 -521
13 Vitesse 30 1020 391 292 337 1465 1,44 1518 1429 89
14 NEC 38 1292 357 368 567 1439 1,11 1496 2031 -535
15 MVV 36 1208 350 356 502 1406 1,16 1527 1992 -465
16 Go Ahead Eagles 30 1008 319 263 426 1220 1,21 1367 1628 -261
17 sc Heerenveen 23 782 328 196 258 1180 1,51 1334 1189 145
18 RKC Waalwijk 23 782 240 197 345 917 1,17 1014 1269 -255
19 FC Volendam 25 842 228 215 399 899 1,07 994 1513 -519
20 VVV-Venlo 20 680 189 176 315 743 1,09 886 1250 -364
21 Fortuna Sittard 19 646 179 193 274 730 1,13 756 1005 -249
22 HFC Haarlem 18 612 172 178 262 694 1,13 695 978 -283
23 DOS 14 460 168 109 183 613 1,33 790 848 -58 1
24 De Graafschap 19 646 144 162 340 594 0,92 696 1232 -536
25 Door Wilskracht Sterk 13 430 147 117 166 558 1,30 588 644 -56 1
26 Excelsior 18 612 132 154 326 550 0,90 666 1144 -478
27 PEC Zwolle 15 510 134 147 229 549 1,08 644 892 -248
28 Heracles Almelo 15 494 141 115 238 538 1,09 649 937 -288
29 Fortuna '54 12 392 141 99 152 522 1,33 635 700 -65
30 Stormvogels Telstar 14 468 118 140 210 494 1,06 530 754 -224
31 GVAV 12 392 123 115 154 484 1,23 533 595 -62
32 FC Den Bosch 13 442 114 123 205 465 1,05 491 756 -265
33 SC Enschede 9 294 121 77 96 440 1,50 565 490 75
34 Rapid JC 6 204 73 47 84 266 1,30 307 350 -43
35 USV Elinkwijk 7 234 65 50 119 245 1,05 306 483 -177
36 FC Amsterdam 6 204 61 56 87 239 1,17 263 321 -58
37 Blauw-Wit Amsterdam 6 196 65 42 89 237 1,21 334 401 -67
38 Cambuur Leeuwarden 6 204 46 55 103 193 0,95 225 358 -133
39 Holland Sport 4 136 37 34 65 145 1,07 168 279 -111
40 FC Dordrecht 6 204 31 46 127 139 0,68 208 463 -255
41 RBC Roosendaal 5 170 35 26 109 131 0,77 164 358 -194
42 NOAD 4 136 33 30 73 129 0,95 187 311 -124
43 Sittardia 4 132 32 29 71 125 0,95 148 256 -108
44 Xerxes 2 68 26 17 25 95 1,40 92 95 -3
45 FC Eindhoven 3 102 23 25 54 94 0,92 107 209 -102
46 BVC Amsterdam 2 68 20 20 28 80 1,18 103 130 -27
47 Bossche VV 2 68 18 10 40 64 0,94 126 172 -46
48 SC Veendam 2 68 12 23 33 59 0,87 74 127 -53
49 FC Wageningen 2 68 13 18 37 57 0,84 72 137 -65
50 De Volewijckers 2 64 15 10 39 55 0,86 99 189 -90
51 Helmond Sport 2 68 12 18 38 54 0,79 93 162 -69
52 SVV 2 68 13 13 42 52 0,76 62 142 -80
53 Alkmaar '54 1 34 6 12 16 30 0,88 39 61 -22
  • The clubs highlighted in green play in the Eredivisie in the current season
  • The clubs highlighted in red play in the Eerste Divisie in the current season
  • The clubs highlighted in grey no longer exist because they have been disestablished or have been merged into another club
  • Remaining clubs play in lower competitions

Top scorers

Season Topscorer Goals Club
1956–57 Netherlands Coen Dillen 43 PSV
1957–58 Netherlands Leo Canjels 32 NAC
1958–59 Netherlands Leo Canjels 34 NAC
1959–60 Netherlands Henk Groot[11] 37 Ajax
1960–61 Netherlands Henk Groot 41 Ajax
1961–62 Netherlands Dick Tol 27 FC Volendam
1962–63 Netherlands Pierre Kerkhofs 22 PSV
1963–64 Netherlands Frans Geurtsen 28 DWS
1964–65 Netherlands Frans Geurtsen 23 DWS
1965–66 Netherlands Willy van der Kuijlen
Netherlands Piet Kruiver		 23 PSV
Feyenoord
1966–67 Netherlands Johan Cruijff 33 Ajax
1967–68 Sweden Ove Kindvall 28 Feyenoord
1968–69 Netherlands Dick van Dijk
Sweden Ove Kindvall		 30 FC Twente
Feyenoord
1969–70 Netherlands Willy van der Kuijlen 26 PSV
1970–71 Sweden Ove Kindvall 24 Feyenoord
1971–72 Netherlands Johan Cruijff 25 Ajax
1972–73 Netherlands Cas Janssens
Netherlands Willy Brokamp		 18 NEC
MVV
1973–74 Netherlands Willy van der Kuijlen 27 PSV
1974–75 Netherlands Ruud Geels 30 Ajax
1975–76 Netherlands Ruud Geels 29 Ajax
1976–77 Netherlands Ruud Geels 34 Ajax
1977–78 Netherlands Ruud Geels 30 Ajax
1978–79 Netherlands Kees Kist 34 AZ'67
1979–80 Netherlands Kees Kist 27 AZ'67
1980–81 Netherlands Ruud Geels 22 Sparta
1981–82 Netherlands Wim Kieft 32 Ajax
1982–83 Netherlands Peter Houtman 30 Feyenoord
1983–84 Netherlands Marco van Basten 28 Ajax
1984–85 Netherlands Marco van Basten 22 Ajax
1985–86 Netherlands Marco van Basten 37 Ajax
1986–87 Netherlands Marco van Basten 31 Ajax
1987–88 Netherlands Wim Kieft 29 PSV
1988–89 Brazil Romário 19 PSV
1989–90 Brazil Romário 23 PSV
1990–91 Brazil Romário[12]
Netherlands Dennis Bergkamp[12]		 25 PSV
Ajax
1991–92 Netherlands Dennis Bergkamp[13] 24 Ajax
1992–93 Netherlands Dennis Bergkamp[14] 26 Ajax
1993–94 Finland Jari Litmanen 26 Ajax
1994–95 Brazil Ronaldo 30 PSV
1995–96 Belgium Luc Nilis 21 PSV
1996–97 Belgium Luc Nilis 21 PSV
1997–98 Greece Nikos Machlas 34 Vitesse
1998–99 Netherlands Ruud van Nistelrooy 31 PSV
1999-00 Netherlands Ruud van Nistelrooy 29 PSV
2000–01 Serbia Mateja Kežman 24 PSV
2001–02 Netherlands Pierre van Hooijdonk 24 Feyenoord
2002–03 Serbia Mateja Kežman 35 PSV
2003–04 Serbia Mateja Kežman 31 PSV
2004–05 Netherlands Dirk Kuyt 29 Feyenoord
2005–06 Netherlands Klaas-Jan Huntelaar 33 SC Heerenveen/Ajax
2006–07 Brazil Afonso Alves 34 SC Heerenveen
2007–08 Netherlands Klaas-Jan Huntelaar 33 Ajax
2008–09 Morocco Mounir El Hamdaoui 23 AZ
2009–10 Uruguay Luis Suárez 35 Ajax
2010–11 Belgium Björn Vleminckx 23 NEC
2011–12 Netherlands Bas Dost 32 SC Heerenveen
2012–13 Ivory Coast Wilfried Bony 31 Vitesse
2013–14 Iceland Alfreð Finnbogason 29 SC Heerenveen
2014–15 Netherlands Memphis Depay 22 PSV

Media coverage

Country Network Details
Netherlands Fox Sports Eredivisie; NOS Fox Sports Eredivisie (a pay-TV channel) airs all matches live and the NOS broadcasts match summaries on the open channels Nederland 1 and 3
Australia Setanta Sports Covers three matches per week featuring the big clubs (Ajax, Feyenoord, PSV, AZ or FC Twente)[15]
Azerbaijan CBC Sport Live Eredivisie matches
Brazil ESPN Brasil One match per week
Belgium Play Sports Two matches per week, since 2015
India NEO Sports One match per week
Romania Sport 1 One match per week, and highlights, since 2008
Sport.ro Two matches per week, since 2012
Italy Fox Sports Two matches per week, and highlights, since 2013
Sweden TV4 Sport One match every Sunday at 14:30 CET
Hungary Sport 1 and Sport 2 Live matches every week, two or three times
Spain Movistar +, Canal + fútbol Three matches every week, and highlights
Portugal Sport TV Two or three live matches every week
United States ESPN3 Same two live matches as ESPN UK
Germany Sportdigital.tv Up to three matches per week, and highlights
South Korea tvN Live PSV matches
Lithuania Sport 1 Two matches every week, plus highlights
United Kingdom Sky Sports 5 Live Eredivisie matches

Eredivisie teams and major UEFA and FIFA competitions

The following sixteen international tournaments were won by Eredivisie teams:

The European Super Cup was founded by a Dutch reporter named Anton Witkamp and Ajax's 1973 win was the first time the tournament was contested officially.

The following 24 European finals took place at Dutch venues, or are scheduled to take place at them:

See also

References

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  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 (Dutch)Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ (Dutch)Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  11. ↑ Topscorers Eredivisie 1959–1960, Eredivisielive.nl (Dutch)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Topscorers Eredivisie 1990–1991, Eredivisielive.nl (Dutch)
  13. ↑ Topscorers Eredivisie 1991–1992, Eredivisielive.nl (Dutch)
  14. ↑ Topscorers Eredivisie 1992–1993, Eredivisielive.nl (Dutch)
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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