European route E71

E71
290px
E71 as Croatian A4 motorway south of Varaždin
Route information
Length:	1,016 km (631 mi)
Major junctions
North end:	25px route 50 in Košice
	M3 near Emőd M5 near Budapest A3 near Zagreb A1 at Karlovac A1 at Dugopolje
South end:	D8 in Split
Location
Countries:	Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Highway system
International E-road network ← E70 E72 →

European route E 71 is a north-south Class-A intermediate European road route. It begins in Košice, Slovakia, passes through Budapest in Hungary, Zagreb in Croatia and Bihać in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and ends at Split in Croatia on the Adriatic Sea coast. The total length of the route is 1,016 km (631 mi). The E71 mostly consists of motorways, but considerable sections are either expressways or two-lane roads with at-grade intersections. Nearly all motorway sections of the E71 are tolled, using various toll collection systems including Electronic toll collection (ETC) and ticket systems. Individual segments of the E71 route are shared with several other European routes. The E71 section between Karlovac and Split is inconsistently physically signposted or marked on maps and route planning software. The E71 route has gradually been upgraded from a regular two-lane road to motorway standards since the 1970s; upgrades are still being carried out in some areas.

Route description

See also: M7 motorway (Hungary), A4 (Croatia), A3 (Croatia), A1 (Croatia), and D1 road (Croatia)

E71 as Hungarian M0 motorway, near Budapest

The European route E71 is part of the International E-road network, and is 989 km (615 mi) long, connecting parts of the Slovakian, Hungarian and Croatian hinterland to the Adriatic coast. The route is a Class A intermediate north-south road, mostly consisting of motorways, but also comprising two-lane roads with at-grade intersections. The E71 starts in Košice, Slovakia, and proceeds south towards Milhost' and the Hungarian border along the Slovak route 68. The Slovak section of the E71 is 18 kilometres (11 miles) long.

The northernmost section of the E71 in Hungary connects the border crossing with Slovakia at Tornyosnémeti, and Miskolc. It is signposted as route 3, and this section is a two-lane road with at-grade intersections. The Tornyosnémeti–Miskolc section is concurrent with the European route E79. At Miskolc, the E71 switches to the M30 motorway which takes it to Emőd, where the E71 switches to the M3 motorway and turns west towards Budapest. The M3 carries the E71 route to Gödöllő, where the E71 switches to the M31 motorway. The M31 in turn takes the E71 to the Budapest ring motorway signposted as M0 motorway, where the E71 is concurrent with the European routes E60 and E75. The M0 motorway carries the E71 (along with the E60 and E75) around Budapest to its western outskirts. The M0 is interrupted in a short segment, where the Budapest ring motorway is carried by a 6-kilometre (3.7 mi) section of the M5 motorway connecting two parts of the M0. The final leg of the E71 route in Hungary is the M7 motorway between Érd just to the west of Budapest, via Székesfehérvár and Nagykanizsa to the Letenye border crossing to Croatia. South of Nagykanizsa, the E71 is concurrent with the European route E65. The Hungarian section of the E71 is 495 kilometres (308 miles) long.

File:D1-Knin-DSCN1163.JPG

E71 as Croatian D1 state road, near Knin

The E71 route through Croatia starts at the Zrinski Bridge and the Goričan border crossing at the northern terminus of the A4 motorway near Čakovec and reaches Ivanja Reka interchange where it defaults to the westbound A3 motorway and proceeds to Lučko interchange, where the E71 switches to the A1 motorway. In that area the E71 reaches Zagreb and connects to the city through a number of interchanges along the Zagreb bypass. Along the three motorways, the E71 is concurrent with the E65, and in the A3 motorway section of the E71, the route is also concurrent with the European route E70. The E71 route diverges from the A1 motorway at Karlovac interchange and switches to the D1 state road passing through Karlovac towards Plitvice Lakes, switches to the D217 and reaches Ličko Petrovo Selo/Izačić border crossing to Bosnia and Herzegovina. It further specifies that the E71 runs through Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina and back to Croatian border, passing via Užljebić border crossing and D218 state road to Otrić, where the E71 rejoins the D1 state road running to Split via Podi interchange with the A1 motorway. All the Croatian state road sections of the E71 and the E71 sections in Bosnia and Herzegovina consist of two-lane roads with at-grade intersections except for the northernmost section of the D1/E71 concurrency running through Karlovac, and the final 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) of the D1/E71 concurrency between the Podi interchange (A1 motorway) and Split, both of which are executed as expressways. Southbound E71 traffic reaching Split defaults to the D8 state road.

As of August 2011, Hrvatske autoceste and Autocesta Rijeka - Zagreb operators of the A1 motorway signposted the A1 south of Karlovac as the E71 all the way south to the Dugopolje interchange connecting to the Podi interchange of the D1, contrary to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) specification of the route. This is also observed on roads connecting to the A1 between Karlovac and Dugopolje, as well as on large proportion of maps and major route planning software. The E71 route through Croatia, conforming to the UNECE specification, is 448 km (278 mi) long, and the section in Bosnia and Herzegovina is 28 km (17 mi) long.

Toll

Lučko interchange, carrying the E71 near Zagreb

Various sections of the E71 are tolled, using a range of toll collection systems. Motorways in Hungary are tolled using an electronic toll collection (ETC) system with charges differing for various categories of vehicles and length of period when the e-vignette is valid. A notable exception is the M0 motorway which is not tolled, however some sections of the M0 do not conform to motorway standards. Croatian motorways are also generally tolled, using a ticket system. All sections of the A1 motorway are tolled, but those A4 sections south of Sveta Helena interchange and the A3 sections concurrent with the E71 are not tolled as they are a part of the Zagreb bypass. As of August 2011, the toll charged along the Croatian section of the E71 route between various toll plazas at each motorway exit and two mainline toll plazas, varies depending on the length of route travelled and the vehicle classification in Croatia. The toll is payable in either Croatian kuna or euros and by major credit and debit cards. A prepaid ETC system is also used.

History

See also: International E-road network and Pan-European corridors

E71 as M3 motorway near Bag, Hungary

UNECE was formed in 1947, and their first major act to improve transportation was a joint UN declaration no. 1264, the Declaration on the Construction of Main International Traffic Arteries, signed in Geneva on September 16, 1950, which defined the first E-road network. This declaration was amended several times before November 15, 1975, when it was replaced by the European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries or "AGR", which set up a route numbering system and improved standards for roads in the list. The AGR went through several changes, with the last one, as of 2011, in 2008. Reorganization of the E-roads network of 1975 and 1983 redefined the E71 designation previously associated with Hanover–Bremen–Bremerhaven road and assigned it to Košice–Budapest–Zagreb route. The same documents assigned the Zagreb–Bihać–Split section to the E59, as the E71 terminated in Zagreb at the time, however, the most recent revision of the E-network truncated the E59 in Zagreb, and transferred its former southern leg to the E71, extending the E71 considerably.

Since the E71 route was first defined between Košice and Zagreb, efforts were made to improve the roads connecting the two cities to Budapest. In the 1970s, Hungary started construction of the M7 as its first motorway, and Zagreb–Karlovac section of the A1 motorway was completed in Croatia (within Yugoslavia at the time), representing the first sections of the present-day E71 to become a modern road traffic route, and the first modern motorways in Hungary and Croatia respectively. Subsequently, the two motorways, as well as other along the route in Croatia and Hungary, were gradually extended towards national borders, as well as to bypass capitals of the two nations—Budapest and Zagreb. Croatian and Hungarian motorways spanning the E71 route linked up in 2008.

Planned development

Currently, the E71 section in Slovakia now signposted as the route 68 is being upgraded to an expressway already designated as R4 expressway, while the Hungarian M30 motorway is scheduled to be extended north to the Slovak border. As of August 2011, the R4 expressway is scheduled to be completed by February 2013. As of August 2011, the Croatian section of the E71 south of Karlovac is not planned to be upgraded substantially as there already is the A1 motorway running parallel to the designated E71 route via Zadar rather than Bihać. The A1 section is even physically signposted as the E71. Likewise, there are no plans to perform any upgrades to the E71 in Bosnia and Herzegovina in existence as of 2011. Still, there are proposals to upgrade the route, possibly connecting Bihać to Zagreb via Sisak rather than Karlovac, made from time to time in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Croatia. The E71 route, especially its Budapest–Zagreb–Karlovac section was given further importance in June 1997 at the Pan-European Transport Conference in Helsinki, when the section was made a part of the Pan-European Corridor Vb, spanning Budapest and Rijeka via Zagreb.

Concurrencies

Country	km	Route	Control cities	Connecting routes	Notes
Slovakia	0-18	25px 68	Košice Milhost'	25px 50	The northern terminus of the segment is located at an interchange where northbound E71 traffic defaults to Južná trieda (South Avenue) in Košice, or switches to the route 50 (E58 and E571). The route is scheduled to be replaced by the R4 expressway by February 2013. The northernmost segment of the E71 consisting of a regular road with at-grade intersections.
Hungary	18-75	3	Tornyosnémeti Miskolc	25px 37	Regular road with at-grade intersections.
	75-104	M30	Miskolc Emőd	25px 35	The M30 motorway is concurrent with the E71 and the E79. Southbound E71 traffic leaving the segment switches to the M3 motorway at exit 2.
	104-227	M3	Emőd Gödöllő	25px 21 25px 33	Northbound E71 traffic leaves the M3 switches to the M30 motorway at exit 151, while southbound E71 traffic leaves the M3 at exit 27.
	227-241	M31	Gödöllő Budapest	3	The entire connecting motorway route is a part of the E71, and M31 traffic leaving the motorway defaults to the M3 (northbound) and M0 (southbound) motorways, following the E71 route.
	241-264	M0	Budapest	4	Budapest ring motorway Southbound E71 switches to the M5 motorway, towards Budapest centre (exit 31), merging with European routes E60 and E75. Northbound E71 switches to the M31 at exit 54.
	264-270	M5	Budapest		The E71 follows a 6-kilometre (3.7 mi) segment of the M5 motorway connecting it to two separate segments of the M0 Budapest ring motorway. Southbound and northbound E71 traffic leave the M5 to join the M0 at exits 17 and 23 respectively. This segment is concurrent with European routes E60 and E75.
	270-296	M0	Budapest Érd	5 6 7 51	Southbound E71 traffic leaves the segment at exit 4 towards the Lake Balaton, while the northbound E71 leaves the segment at exit 31. This segment is concurrent with European routes E60 and E75.
	296-513	M7	Érd Székesfehérvár Nagykanizsa Letenye	25px M70 7 25px 61 25px 62 25px 64 25px 65 25px 71 25px 74	Northbound E71 traffic leaves the M7 at exit 15 to Budapest ring motorway (M0). Southbound E71 traffic crosses Letenye border crossing and defaults to the Croatian A4 motorway South of exit 211 near Nagykanizsa, where Hungarian route 74 connects to the motorway, the E71 is concurrent with the European route E65.
Croatia	513-611	A4	Goričan Varaždin Zagreb	D20 D28 D528 D530	Northbound E71 traffic leaving this segment crosses Goričan border crossing to Hungary and defaults to the Hungarian M7 motorway. Southbound E71 leaving this segment defaults to westbound A3 motorway in Ivanja Reka interchange (exit 12). The southern part of the segment, south of the D28 junction represents a part of the Zagreb bypass. The E71 is concurrent with the E65 in this segment of its route.
	611-631	A3	Zagreb	D30	Zagreb bypass. Northbound and southbound E71 traffic leaves the segment at Ivanja Reka (exit 6) and Lučko (exit 4) interchanges respectively. The E71 is concurrent with the European routes E65 and E70 in this segment of its route.
	631-671	A1	Zagreb Karlovac	D310	Southbound and northbound E71 traffic leaves this segment at Karlovac (exit 3) and Lučko (exit 1) interchanges respectively. Conversely, the interchange and the motorway south of it are physically signposted as a part of the E71, carrying the route to Dugopolje interchange of the A1 near Split. The E71 is concurrent with the E65 in this segment of its route.
	671-746	D1	Karlovac Rakovica	D6	Two-lane road with at-grade intersections.
	746-762	D217	Rakovica Ličko Petrovo Selo	25px D504	Two-lane road with at-grade intersections. Southbound E71 traffic leaving the segment crosses to Bosnia and Herzegovina at Ličko Petrovo Selo/Izačić border crossing.
Bosnia and Herzegovina	762-790	E71	Izačić Bihać Ripač	E761	Two-lane road with at-grade intersections. Northbound E71 traffic leaving the segment through Bosnia and Herzegovina crosses to Croatia at Izačić/Ličko Petrovo Selo border crossing and switches to the D217 state road. Southbound E71 traffic leaving the segment crosses to Croatia at the Užljebić-Ripač border crossing and switches to D218 moving the E71 route again towards the Croatian D1 state road.
Croatia	790-859	D218	Užljebić Otrić	25px D506	Two-lane road with at-grade intersections. Northbound E71 traffic leaving the segment crosses to Bosnia and Herzegovina at Užljebić border crossing. Southbound E71 traffic leaving the segment rejoins the Croatian D1 state road at Otrić.
	859-989	D1	Otrić Split	A1 D8 D33 D60	The southernmost segment of the E71. Southbound E71 traffic switches to the D8 in the city of Split. The segment north of Podi interchange near Dugopolje is not physically signposted as the E71, rather the designation is found along the A1 motorway north of the Dugopolje interchange. Road north of the Podi interchange is a two-lane road with at-grade intersections, and south of it, there is a 12-kilometre (7.5 mi) expressway connecting the A1 motorway and the city of Split.
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

• European long-distance paths
• Road transport
• Transport in Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Motorways in Croatia
• Motorways in Hungary
• Highways in Slovakia

External links

• Media related to at Wikimedia Commons