Europium(III) chloride

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Europium(III) chloride
200px
UCl3 without caption.png
Names
IUPAC names
Europium(III) chloride
Europium trichloride
Identifiers
10025-76-0 YesY
13759-92-7 (hexahydrate) N
ChemSpider 23194 YesY
EC Number 233-040-4
Jmol 3D model Interactive image
PubChem 24809
RTECS number LE7525000
  • InChI=1S/3ClH.Eu/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3 YesY
    Key: NNMXSTWQJRPBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K YesY
  • InChI=1/3ClH.Eu/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
    Key: NNMXSTWQJRPBJZ-DFZHHIFOAZ
  • Cl[Eu](Cl)Cl
Properties
EuCl3
Molar mass 258.323 g/mol
366.41 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Melting point 632 °C (1,170 °F; 905 K) decomposes
Solubility in other solvents Soluble
Structure
hexagonal (UCl3 type), hP8
P63/m, No. 176
Tricapped trigonal prismatic
(nine-coordinate)
Related compounds
Other anions
 Europium(III) oxide
Other cations
 Samarium(III) chloride
Gadolinium(III) chloride
Related compounds
 Europium dichloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Europium(III) chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula EuCl3. The anhydrous compound is a yellow solid. Being hygroscopic it rapidly absorbs water to form a white crystalline hexahydrate, EuCl3·6H2O, which is colourless. The compound is used in research.

Preparation

Treating Eu2O3 with aqueous HCl produces hydrated europium chloride (EuCl3·6H2O). This salt cannot be rendered anhydrous by heating. Instead one obtains an oxychloride. Anhydrous EuCl3 is often prepared by the "ammonium chloride route," starting from either Eu2O3[1][2] or hydrated europium chloride (EuCl3·6H2O).[3] These methods produce (NH4)2[EuCl5]:

10 NH4Cl + Eu2O3 → 2 (NH4)2[EuCl5] + 6 NH3 + 3 H2O
EuCl3·6H2O + 2 NH4Cl → (NH4)2[EuCl5] + 6 H2O

The pentachloride decomposes thermally according to the following equation:

(NH4)2[EuCl5] → 2 NH4Cl + EuCl3

The thermolysis reaction proceeds via the intermediary of (NH4)[Eu2Cl7].

Reactions

Europium(III) chloride is a precursor to other europium compounds. It can be converted to the corresponding metal bis(trimethylsilyl)amide via salt metathesis with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide.[4] The reaction is performed in THF and requires a period at reflux.

EuCl3 + 3 LiN(SiMe3)2 → Eu(N(SiMe3)2)3 + 3 LiCl

Eu(N(SiMe3)2)3 is a starting material for the more complicated coordination complexes.

Reduction with hydrogen gas with heating gives EuCl2. The latter has been used to prepare organometallic compounds of europium(II), such as bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)europium(II) complexes.[5][6] Europium(III) chloride can be used as a starting point for the preparation of other europium salts.

Structure

In the solid state, it crystallises in the UCl3 motif. The Eu centres are nine-coordinate.[7]

File:Cerium bromide (space filling) 2.png
Space-filling image of EuCl3.

Bibliography

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References

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  6. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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