General Motors Epsilon platform

GM Epsilon platform
GM Epsilon platform
Overview
Manufacturer	General Motors
Production	2002–present
Body and chassis
Class	Compact executive car (D) platform; Mid-size (D) platform; Large car (E) platform
Layout	Transverse front engine, front-wheel drive/all-wheel drive
Body style(s)	2-door Convertible; 4-door Sedan/Saloon; 5-door Hatchback/Liftback; 5-door Station wagon/Estate/Caravan; 5-door Multi-purpose vehicle
Vehicles	Buick Lacrosse/Alpheon; Cadillac BLS; Cadillac XTS; Chevrolet Classic; Chevrolet Impala; Chevrolet/Holden Malibu; Chevrolet Malibu Maxx; Fiat Croma; Opel Insignia/Buick Regal; Opel Signum; Opel Vectra; Pontiac G6; Roewe 950; Saab 9-3; Saab 9-5; Saturn Aura
Related	GM Alpha platform
Powertrain
Engine(s)	Gasoline engines:; Ecotec I4; Ecotec Family 1 I4; GM 54° V6; High Value V6; High Feature V6; Diesel engines:; Multijet I4, I5; Family B I4; Dmax V6;
Chronology
Predecessor	GM N platform; GM2900 platform; GM W platform; GM G platform; GM Zeta Platform
Successor	GM VSS-F

Epsilon is General Motors' mid-size front-wheel drive automobile platform. The architecture was multi-division project of GM North America, Opel and Saab,^[2] and debuted in the 2002 Opel Vectra and 2003 Saab 9-3. Since this platform falls squarely in the center of the worldwide automobile market, GM plans to produce a great many Epsilon vehicles with over a dozen variations. As of 2005^[update], it was GM's highest volume worldwide platform. Even after the dissolution of the GM/Fiat partnership, both companies retain the rights to continue developing Epsilon-derived models.

A total of 16 different models have made use of the GM Epsilon platform, some of which remain in production 19 years after the platform debuted.

Features

GM's Epsilon platform replaced the N platform in the US, and replaced the GM2900 platform elsewhere. Vehicles of this platform generally carry the symbol "Z" in the fourth digit of their VINs.

When the platform debuted, there was talk of an "Epsilon Wide" derivative, which was supposed to have provided the underpinnings for the Buick LaCrosse and Saab 9-5. However, the program was cancelled and the LaCrosse was put on the W platform, and the 9-5 was given a quick refresh for the 2006 model year.^{[citation needed]}

The Epsilon platform is a midsize front-driver promising a 200 percent improvement in rigidity, with aluminum suspension components—MacPherson struts in front and a four-link independent arrangement in the rear, and four-wheel disc brakes. Many of the Epsilon vehicles use the Ecotec Inline-four engines and both the High Value and High Feature V6 engines.

The refreshed 2008 SAAB 9-3 debuted with an advanced version of all-wheel-drive it dubbed XWD, finally giving a definitive answer to rumors about the platform's ability to support AWD, which had been around since the debut of the platform.

The Lambda and Theta Premium crossover platforms are derived from Epsilon.^{[citation needed]}

Vehicles

Vehicles based on the Epsilon I platform:

Regular
- 2002–2009 Opel Vectra C saloon and liftback
- 2002–2009 Vauxhall Vectra saloon and liftback
- 2002–2009 Holden Vectra
- 2002–2009 Chevrolet Vectra
- 2003–2011 Saab 9-3
- 2010–2012 Saab 9-5
- 2004–2007 Chevrolet Malibu
- 2006–2009 Cadillac BLS

Opel Vectra C GTS Facelift Starsilber.JPG

Opel Vectra C
2007 Vauxhall Vectra Exclusiv 1.8 Front.jpg

Vauxhall Vectra
2003 Holden Vectra (ZC MY03) CD hatchback (2016-01-04) 01.jpg

Holden Vectra
Chevrolet Vectra 2.2 Elegance 2007 (13929776740).jpg

Chevrolet Vectra
Saab 9-3
Saab 9-3 Convertible
Saab 9-3 Sport Combi Vector 1.9 TiD.JPG

Saab 9-3 SportCombi
Saab 9-3X
Cadillac BLS front 20080823.jpg

Cadillac BLS
Cadillac BLS D Wagon front 20100508.jpg

Cadillac BLS Wagon
06-07 Chevrolet Malibu.jpg

Chevrolet Malibu
06-07 Chevrolet Malibu MAXX.jpg

Chevrolet Malibu Maxx

Extended
- 2002–2009 Opel Vectra C Caravan
- 2002–2009 Vauxhall Vectra Caravan
- 2003–2008 Opel Signum
- 2004–2007 Chevrolet Malibu Maxx hatchback
- 2008–2012 Chevrolet Malibu
- 2005–2010 Pontiac G6
- 2005–2011 Fiat Croma
- 2007–2010 Saturn Aura

Opel Vectra C Caravan 3.0 V6 CDTI Facelift front TEST.jpg

Opel Vectra C Caravan
2009 Vauxhall Vectra Estate.jpg

Vauxhall Vectra Estate
Opel Signum
Vauxhall Signum 2198cc May 2006.jpg

Vauxhall Signum
2008-Chevrolet-Malibu-LTZ-DC.jpg

Chevrolet Malibu
Pontiac G6 Sedan.jpg

Pontiac G6
Pontiac-G6-coupe.jpg

Pontiac G6 Coupe
Pontiac G6 Convertible.JPG

Pontiac G6 Convertible
Saturn Aura
2010 Fiat Croma.JPG

Fiat Croma

Cancelled vehicles which would have used this platform:

2006 midsized Buick^{[citation needed]}

Epsilon II

A new version of the Epsilon, dubbed Epsilon II, debuted in 2008. It is adaptable for front and all-wheel drive applications. In long wheelbase format, Epsilon II supports US EPA Large Cars, allowing GM to replace the G and W platforms. The architecture was developed by Opel in Rüsselsheim, Germany. Many safety features and AWD fitment modifications were done by Saab.^[3]

Current and announced vehicles built on Epsilon II:

SWB
- 2008–2017 Opel Insignia, Vauxhall Insignia, Holden Insignia VXR, Buick Regal, Chevrolet Vectra (saloon, hatchback, estate) (SWB)
- 2012–2016 Chevrolet Malibu, Holden Malibu (SWB)
SL LWB
- 2010–2016 Buick LaCrosse/Alpheon (SL LWB)
- 2010–2012 Saab 9-5 (SL LWB)
- 2012–present Roewe 950 (SL LWB)^[4]
EL LWB
- 2012–2019 Cadillac XTS (EL LWB)
- 2014–2019 Chevrolet Impala (EL LWB)

Opel Insignia 2.0 Turbo Cosmo 4x4 2016.jpg

Opel Insignia
Opel Insignia OPC
Opel Insignia Sports Tourer
2016 Vauxhall Insignia Design 1.4.jpg

Vauxhall Insignia
Vauxhall Insignia Break.jpg

Vauxhall Insignia Estate
Buick Regal
Buick Regal GS
Holden Insignia VXR
Chevrolet Vectra 2.0 Turbo.jpg

Chevrolet Vectra
Buick LaCrosse
ALPHEON Ext.jpg

Alpheon EL300
Roewe e950 front.jpg

Roewe 950
2013 Chevrolet Malibu Eco -- 2012 DC 1.JPG

Chevrolet Malibu
14 Chevrolet Impala LT (14344066639).jpg

Chevrolet Impala
Cadillac XTS facelift 01 China 2018-03-28.jpg

Cadillac XTS
2012 Saab 9-5 Aero Turbo4 Automatic 2.0 Front.jpg

Saab 9-5

Concept vehicles built on Epsilon II:

2007 Buick Riviera
2007 Opel GTC Concept

Buick Riviera Concept (2007)
Opel GTC Concept (retouched).jpg

Opel GTC Concept

E2XX

E2XX is a moderately updated version of Epsilon 2 platform,^[5] consistent with other platform revamps, such as the D2XX based on Delta II.

The E2XX platform targets weight reductions and longer wheelbases.

Vehicles

Vehicle built on E2XX:

2016–present Chevrolet Malibu
2017–2022 Opel/Vauxhall Insignia, Buick Regal 2018–present (since 2020 China only), Holden Commodore (ZB) 2018–2020
2019–present Cadillac XT4
2021–present Buick Envision

Chevrolet Malibu 2020.jpg

Chevrolet Malibu
Opel Insignia B (20170625 191333).jpg

Opel Insignia Grand Sport
Opel Insignia Sports Tourer 1.5 DIT Innovation (B) – Frontansicht, 12. Mai 2017, Düsseldorf.jpg

Opel Insignia Sports Tourer
Opel Insignia, IAA 2017, Frankfurt (1Y7A3364).jpg

Opel Insignia Country Tourer
Opel Insignia GSi IMG 0917.jpg

Opel Insignia GSi
2018 Vauxhall Insignia SRi NAV Turbo 1.5 Front.jpg

Vauxhall Insignia Grand Sport
Vauxhall Insignia Sports Tourer diesel 1956cc registered September 2017.jpg

Vauxhall Insignia Sports Tourer
2018 Buick Regal Sportback Preferred II FWD, Ebony Twilight Metallic, front right.jpg

Buick Regal Sportback
Buick Regal II GS 001.jpg

Buick Regal GS
2018 Buick Regal TourX Preferred AWD, front right.jpg

Buick Regal TourX
2018 Holden Commodore (ZB MY18) LT sedan (2018-08-06) 01a.jpg

Holden Commodore (ZB)
2018 Holden Calais (ZB MY18) V6 AWD Tourer (2018-11-29) 01.jpg

Holden Commodore (ZB) Tourer
Cadillac XT4 0001 China 2019-03-13.jpg

Cadillac XT4
Buick Envision S 005.jpg

Buick Envision

P2XX

P2XX is the longer variant of the E2XX platform.

Vehicle built on P2XX:

Buick LaCrosse

Buick LaCrosse III facelift 01 China 2019-04-04.jpg

Buick LaCrosse

C1XX

C1XX is the crossover variant of the E2XX platform, replacing the Theta Premium and Lambda platforms.

Vehicles built on C1XX:

Two-row mid-size:

2017–present Cadillac XT5
2019–present Chevrolet Blazer

2019 Cadillac XT5 Luxury 3.6L front 3.24.19.jpg

Cadillac XT5
2019 Chevrolet Blazer au SIAM 2019.jpg

Chevrolet Blazer

Three-row mid-size:

2017–present GMC Acadia
2018-2020 Holden Acadia
2020–present Buick Enclave (China)
2020–present Chevrolet Blazer (China)
2020–present Cadillac XT6

2020 GMC Acadia AT4 front NYIAS 2019.jpg

GMC Acadia
Holden Acadia Launch, 29 August 2018 (43429186695).jpg

Holden Acadia
Buick Enlave Chinese version 001.jpg

Buick Enclave
Chevrolet Blazer 003.jpg

Chevrolet Blazer
2020 Cadillac XT6 AWD front NYIAS 2019.jpg

Cadillac XT6

Full-size:

2018–present Buick Enclave
2018–present Chevrolet Traverse

2019 Buick Enclave 3.6L, front 8.25.19.jpg

Buick Enclave
Chevrolet Traverse 3.6 Premier AWD 2018.jpg

Chevrolet Traverse

Footnotes

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References

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v t e General Motors platforms
Marques
In production
Cars	Gamma Delta (D2XX/PATAC K) BEV3 GEM VSS-F Epsilon (E2XX/P2XX) Alpha Omega Y
Trucks/SUVs	BT1 C1XX GMT (31XX, 610, T1XX) U
Retired
Cars	A (FWD, RWD) B BEV2 C (FWD, RWD) D E F G (FWD, RWD) GM2900 GM4200 H (FWD, RWD) HQ J K (FWD, RWD) Kappa L M (FWD, RWD) N P (RWD, FWD) Premium R S SCCS Sigma T (FWD, RWD) V (FWD, RWD) W X (FWD, RWD) Y Z Zeta
Trucks/SUVs	C/K Series GMT (325/330, 345/745, 355, 360, 400, 530/560, 600, 800, 900, K2XX) Lambda Theta
Future
Cars	VSS-R
Trucks/SUVs	VSS-S VSS-T
Category Commons List

General Motors Epsilon platform

Contents

Features

Vehicles

Epsilon II

E2XX

Vehicles

P2XX

C1XX

Footnotes

References

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