Geography of the Faroe Islands

Faroe Islands on NASA satellite image

The Faroe Islands are an island group consisting of eighteen islands between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic, about half-way between Iceland and Norway. Its coordinates are . It is 1,393 square kilometres in area, and includes small lakes and rivers, but no major ones. There are 1,117 kilometres of coastline, and no land boundaries with any other country.

The Faroe Islands generally have cool summers and mild winters, with a usually overcast sky and frequent fog and strong winds. Although at a high latitude, due to the Gulf Stream their climate is ameliorated. The islands are rugged and rocky with some low peaks; the coasts are mostly bordered by cliffs. The Faroe Islands are notable for having the highest sea cliffs in Europe, and some of the highest in the world otherwise. The lowest point is at sea level, and the highest is at Slættaratindur, which is 882 metres above sea level. The landscape made roadbuilding difficult, and only recently has this been remedied by building tunnels.

View of the west coast of Suðuroy

Many of the Faroese islands tend to be elongated in shape. Natural resources include fish and hydropower.

Statistics

Geographic coordinates

• North: Enniberg, 62°29′,2 N
• South: Sumbiarsteinur, 61°21′,6 N
• West: Gáadrangur, 7°40′,1 W
• East: Stapin, 6°21′,5 W

Area

• Land: 1,393 km²
• Water: 7.19 km² (the area includes 10 of the largest lakes. There are a number of smaller lakes and streams.)

Land boundaries

0 km

Coastline

1,117 km

Maritime claims

• Territorial sea: 3 nmi (5.6 km; 3.5 mi)
• Continental shelf: 200 nmi (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) or agreed boundaries or median line
• Exclusive economic zone: 200 nmi (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) or agreed boundaries or median line

Climate

Subarctic oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfc) moderated by North Atlantic Current; long, mild, windy winters; short, cool summers, damp in the South and West. Arctic climate (Köppen ET) in some mountains.

Terrain

Rugged, rocky, some low peaks; cliffs along most of coast. The coasts are deeply indented with fjords, and the narrow passages between islands are agitated by strong tidal currents.

Elevation extremes

• Lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
• Highest point: Slættaratindur 882 m

Natural resources

Fish, whales, hydropower, wind, possible petroleum and gas

Land use

• Arable land: 2.14%
• Permanent crops: 0%
• Other: 97.86% (2012)

Environment—international agreements

Marine dumping

See also

• List of islands of the Faroe Islands
• List of mountains of the Faroe Islands
• Geology of the Faroe Islands
• Extreme points of the Faroe Islands

Further reading

• Ostenfeld, C. H., and Eugenius Warming. Geography, Geology and Climate of the Faeröes, With the Historical Notes on the Botanical Investigation of These Islands. Copenhagen: H.H. Thiele, 1901.
• Peacock, Martin A. Recent Lines of Fracture in the Færoes in Relation to the Theories of Fiord Formation in Northern Basaltic Plateaux. Glasgow: Jackson, Wylie, 1928.

References

• "Faroe Islands" World Fact Book 2004, CIA, Washington.