Intermediate-range ballistic missile
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An intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM) is a ballistic missile with a range of 3,000–5,500 km (1,864–3,418 miles), between a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) and an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). Classifying ballistic missiles by range is done mostly for convenience, in principle there is very little difference between a low-performance ICBM and a high-performance IRBM. The range definition used here is used within the U.S. Missile Defense Agency. Some other sources include an additional category, the long-range ballistic missile (LRBM), to describe missiles with a range between IRBMs and true ICBMs. The more modern term theater ballistic missile encompasses IRBMs, MRBMs and SRBMs, including any ballistic missile with a range under 3,500 km (2,175 mi).
IRBMs are currently operated by India, Israel, and North Korea. Other countries, such as Iran[according to whom?] are said to be developing them. The United States, USSR, People's Republic of China, United Kingdom, and France were former operators.
Contents
Specific IRBMs
- Shaheen-III (4500-5000 km) can be boost from 2750km range
Pakistan - S3 IRBM (3,500 km)
France - Agni-II (2,000–3,000 km)
India - Agni-III[1] (3,500–5,000 km) India[2]
- Agni-IV (3,000–4,000 km) India [3]
- K-4 (SLBM) (3,000 km) India [4][5]
- DF-3A (3,300-4,000 km)
China - DF-25 (3,200 km) China
- DF-26 (3,500–4,000 km) China
- Hera (rocket) (1,100 km) (684 mi)
United States - PGM-17 Thor (1,850–3,700 km) United States and
United Kingdom - Poseidon C3 missile (5,000 km) United States
- Jericho III (4,800–6,500 km)
Israel[6][7] - RD-B Musudan (2,500–4,000 km)(not proven)
North Korea[2] - KN-08 North Korea
- KN-11 North Korea
- Rodong-2 North Korea
- R-14 Chusovaya (4,500 km)
Soviet Union - RSD-10 Pioneer (SS-20) (5,500 km) Soviet Union
History
The progenitor for the IRBM was the A4b rocket winged for increased range and based on the famous V-2 (Vergeltung, or "Reprisal", officially called A4) rocket designed by Wernher von Braun widely used by Nazi Germany at the end of World War II to bomb English and Belgian cities. The A4b was the prototype for the upper stage of the A9/A10 rocket. The goal of the program was to build a missile capable of bombarding New York when launched in France or Spain (see Amerika Bomber). A4b rockets were tested a few times in December 1944 and January and February 1945.[8] All of these rockets used liquid propellant. The A4b used an inertial guidance system, while the A9 would have been controlled by a pilot. They started from a non-mobile launch pad.
Following WWII von Braun and other lead Nazi scientists were secretly transferred to the United States to work directly for the U.S. Army through Operation Paperclip developing the V-2 into the weapon for the United States.
See also
- Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)
- List of ICBMs
- Short-range ballistic missile (SRBM)
- Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM)
- Submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM)
- Anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM)
- Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty
References
- ↑ DRDO plans early entry of Agni-4 into arsenal. Business Standard (2011-11-17). Retrieved on 2013-09-07.
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- ↑ India tests 3,000 km range n-missile in secret
- ↑ India's Nuclear Triad Finally Coming of Age
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- ↑ http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/crs/rl30427.pdf
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