Indigenous peoples of Yukon

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Until the 1850s, the Indigenous peoples of the Yukon, part of the Aboriginals of Canada, were the sole inhabitants of the Arctic coast territories. Today, they make up approximately 25% of the population of Yukon.[1]

Yukon before European contact

Tlingit women and children.

There are varying accounts about estimates of the population of Yukon at the beginning of the 19th century. Historians first assumed that about 8,000 people,[2] 7,000 to 8,000 people,[3] or more than 9,000 people lived there.[4] Other estimates indicate that by 1830, approximately 4,700 indigenous people were living in Yukon.[4]

The main part of modern Yukon was occupied by various Athabaskan tribes. The Kutchin occupied the basins of the Peel River and the Porcupine River.[5] On the middle reach of the Yukon River, on the border with Alaska, lived relatives of the Kutchin: the Hän. Northern Tutchone inhabited most of the central Yukon, in basins of the Pelly River and Stewart River; they also lived in Southern Tutchone, which is southwest of Yukon. The Kaska lived southeast of Yukon, in a basin of Liard River. In the south, near lakes in upper courses of Yukon there lived Tagish, who were related to the Kaska. In the southwest, in riverheads of the White River, there lived Upper Tanana.[6]

Inuit (Eskimo) occupied the Arctic coast of modern Yukon, including [[Herschel Island]. In the south, down the Teslin River, there lived continental Tlingit (Teslin), whose language - together with Athabaskan languages - is included in the Na-Dene language family.[6] They hunted, fished and trapped to survive.

Mount Saint Elias, far southwest of Yukon, was unsettled.

Current situation

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Census of Yukon Indians

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See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ 2006 Community Profiles in Yukon
  2. ↑ http://www.canadianmysteries.ca/sites/klondike/context/firstnationshistory/indexen.html
  3. ↑ Kenneth Coates, William Robert Morrison. Land of the midnight sun: a history of the Yukon. — 2. — Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2005. — 362 p.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kenneth Coates. Canada's colonies: a history of the Yukon and Northwest Territories. — James Lorimer & Company, 1985. — 362 p.
  5. ↑ http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/article/yukon/
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Wurm, Stephen A.; Mühlhäusler, Peter; Tryon, Darrell T. Volume I. (Trends in Linguistics, Documentation Series, Volume 13) // Atlas of languages of intercultural communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas. — Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1996.
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