Kaisar-i-Hind Medal

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"Kaiser-i-Hind" redirects here. For other uses, see Kaiser-i-Hind (disambiguation).
Kaisar-i-Hind Medal
350px
Representations of the Gold, Silver and Bronze Medals. George V, second type
Awarded by Emperor of India
Country British Empire
Type civil decoration
Eligibility civilians of any nationality
Awarded for distinguished service in the advancement of the interests of the British Raj
Campaign dormant since 1947
Statistics
Established 10 April 1900
Precedence
Next (higher) Order of British India
Next (lower) Order of St John
Kaisar-i-Hind Medal.gif
Ribbon of Kaisar-i-Hind Medal

The Kaisar-i-Hind Medal for Public Service in India was a medal awarded by the British monarch between 1900 and 1947, to "any person without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex ... who shall have distinguished himself (or herself) by important and useful service in the advancement of the public interest in India."[1]

The name literally means "Emperor of India" in the vernacular of the Hindi and Urdu languages. The word kaisar, meaning "emperor" is a derivative of the Roman imperial title Caesar (via Persian, Turkish - see Kaiser-i-Rum - and the Greek Καίσαρ). The title is derived from the Roman general and dictator, Julius Caesar, to whom the first Roman Emperors were related. The latter used "Caesar" as a cognomen to indicate the family relationship with him. Subsequently, it became an imperial title regardless of the Emperor's family origins. It is cognate with the German title Kaiser, which was borrowed from the Latin at an earlier date.[2]

Kaisar-I-Hind was also inscribed on the obverse side of the India General Service Medal (1909).[3]

History

Empress of India or Kaisar-i-Hind, a form coined by the orientalist G.W. Leitner in a deliberate attempt to dissociate British imperial rule from that of preceding dynasties[4] was taken by Queen Victoria from 1 May 1876, and proclaimed at the Delhi Durbar of 1877.

The medal was instituted by Queen Victoria on April 10, 1900.[5] The name translates as "Emperor of India", a name also used for a rare Indian butterfly Teinopalpus imperialis. The Royal Warrant for the Kaisar-i-Hind was amended in 1901, 1912, 1933 and 1939. While never officially rescinded, the Kaisar-i-Hind ceased to be awarded following the passage of the Indian Independence Act 1947.[6] The awards of the gold medal were often published in the London Gazette, while other classes were published in the Gazette of India.

Medal grades and design

The medal had three grades. The Kaisar-i-Hind Gold Medal for Public Service in India was awarded directly by the monarch on the recommendation of the Secretary of State for India. Silver and Bronze medals were awarded by the Viceroy.

The medal consisted of an oval-shaped badge or decoration in gold, silver or bronze with the Royal Cipher and Monarchy on one side, and the words "Kaisar-i-Hind for Public Service in India" on the other. It was to be worn suspended from the left breast by a dark blue ribbon. The medal has no post-nominal initials.[6]

Its most famous recipient is Mohandas Gandhi, who was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind in 1915 by The Lord Hardinge of Penshurst for his contribution to ambulance services in South Africa. Gandhi returned the medal in 1920 as part of the national campaign protesting the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and in support of the Khilafat Movement.[7][8][9]

Recipients

Gold medal

  • Sardar Khan Bahadur Mir Abdul Ali, JP, Bombay, 9 November 1901[10]
  • S.Wadawa Singh Sohi for his services in world war 1
  • Shankar Madhav Chitnavis, Esq., Deputy-Commissioner, Central Provinces, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Khan Bahadur Dhanjibhai Fakirji Commodore, CIE, 9 November 1901
  • Major Herbert Edward Deane, R.A.M.C., 9 Nov 1901[10]
  • Major Thomas Edward Dyson, MB, CM, Indian Medical Service, 9 November 1901[10]
  • William Egerton
  • Mrs. E. J. Firth, of Madras, 9 November 1901[10]
  • N. S. Glazebrrok, Esq., JP, of Bombay, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Sydney Hutton Cooper Hutchinson, Esq., AMICE, Superintendent of Telegraphs, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Colonel Sir Samuel Swinton Jacob, KCIE, Indian Staff Corps, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Rai Bahadur Amar Nath Khanna of Lahore awarded gold medal for his philanthropic work.
  • Harrington Verney Lovett, Esq., Indian Civil Service, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Herbert Frederick Mayes, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, Indian Civil Service, 9 Nov 1901[10]
  • Lieutenant-Colonel James McCloghry, FRCS, Indian Medical Service, 9 November 1901[10]
  • William Florey Noyce, Esq., Extra-Assistant Commissioner and Assistant Secretary to the Financial Commissioner, Burma, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Dr. Thomas Joseph O′Donnell, VD, FRCSI, Chief Medical Officer, Kolar Gold Fields, Mysore, 12 December 1911
  • Dr. John David O′Donnell, MBE, VD, FRCSEd, Chief Medical and Sanitary Officer, Kolar Gold Fields, Mysore, July 1926 [11]
  • Walter Samuel Sharpe, Director of Telegraphs, Bombay, 1 Jan 1916
  • Rai Bahadur KameleshwariPershad Singh of Monghyr, Bengal[10]
  • Robert Barton Stewart, Esq., Indian Civil Service, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Dr. William Stokes[disambiguation needed][12]
  • Captain Edmund Wilkinson, FRCS, Indian Medical Service, 9 November 1901[10]
  • Dr. R. N. Chopra, Public Services, Abbottabad, now in Pakistan.
  • The Rt Hon. Alice Isaacs, Marchioness of Reading[13]
  • Sreemathi Panapilla Kartiyani Pilla Bhagavathi Pilla Kochamma, Vadasseri Ammaveedu, daughter of His Highness the Maharaja of Travancore, Madras.
  • The Right Reverend Bishop Francis Stephen Coppel, Nagpur, Central Provinces.
  • The Reverend Arthur Herbert Bestall, General Superintendent of Wesleyan Missions in Burma.
  • Dr. M. E. Ry. Pazhamarneri Sundaram Ayyar Chandra Sekhara, Ayyar Avargal, Director of the Tuberculosis Institute and Hospital, Madras.
  • Mrs. Cowasji Jehangir, Bombay.
  • Rai Bahadur, Upendra Nath Brahmachari, Additional Physician, Out-Patient Department, Medical College Hospital, Bengal.
  • Edwin Sheard, Esq., Adjutant, Salvation Army, United Provinces.
  • Rai Bahadur Lala Mathra Das, Assistant Surgeon in the Punjab.
  • Pir Puran Nath Mahant, Mahant of Bohar in the Rohtak district, Punjab.
  • Richard Burn, for famine services in 1907–08[14]
  • Roderick Henry Turing Mackenzie, Esq. AMICE. Chief Engineer Buildings and Roads, Bikaner State, for drought relief services. 1940

Silver medal

  • Dr Laxmi Shankar,awarded for his work during WW2 as an Army Medical Corps Doctor.
  • Laxmidas Pitambardas Adodra, awarded for public service and large-scale but anonymous philanthropic contributions towards animal welfare as well as public healthcare including significant help for controlling Cholera outbreak in Porbandar, Gujarat.
  • Dr. Lilian Arratoon, surgeon, New Year's Honours list 1945.
  • Khan Bahadur Sher Jang, 1916
  • Gidugu Venkata Ramamurthy Pantulu, 1933 for his Services in Anthropoly and Telugu Colloquial language
  • Dr. Eulius Sheldon Downs, 1945
  • Dorothy L. Ferris, MD for her healing services at Frances Newton Hospital, Ferozepore
  • Dr. Mina MacKenzie, MD for over 30 years of public service in India, including helping control the cholera epidemic during the 1906 Kumbh Mela pilgrimage.[15]

Unknown grade

See also

References

  1. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27191. p. 2996. 11 May 1900.
  2. ↑ See M. Witzel, "Autochthonous Aryans? The Evidence from Old Indian and Iranian Texts", p. 29, 12.1 [1] (as Urdu kaisar).
  3. ↑ File:India General Service Medal 1909 G5-v1.jpg
  4. ↑ B.S. Cohn, "Representing Authority in Victorian India", in E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger (eds.), The Invention of Tradition (1983), 165-209, esp. 201-2.
  5. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27191. p. 2997. 11 May 1900.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ Gandhi's Rise to Power: Indian Politics 1915-1922 By Judith M. Brown
  10. ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 27374. p. 7288. 9 November 1901.
  11. ↑ http://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC2522954&blobtype=pdf
  12. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 32941. p. 4419. 30 May 1924.
  14. ↑ "BURN, Sir Richard", in Who Was Who, A & C Black, online edition, Oxford University Press, 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2014.
  15. ↑ http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/98be9150-aeda-41d2-8eb3-6c84ed96e8a9
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 17.16 17.17 17.18 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27195. p. 3329. 23 May 1900. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ Cecil Northcott, ‘Somervell, (Theodore) Howard (1890–1975)’, rev., Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004
  22. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

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