Kirov, Kirov Oblast
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| Kirov (English) Киров (Russian) |
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View of Kirov |
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 Location of Kirov Oblast in Russia |
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 Kirov
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| City Day | June 12[citation needed] |
| Administrative status (as of April 2008) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kirov Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | City of Kirov[1] |
| Administrative center of | Kirov Oblast,[1] City of Kirov[1] |
| Municipal status (as of October 2011) | |
| Urban okrug | Kirov Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Kirov Urban Okrug[2] |
| Head[4] | Vladimir Bykov[3] |
| Representative body | City Duma[5] |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 169.73 km2 (65.53 sq mi)[6][7] |
| Population (2010 Census) | 473,695 inhabitants[8] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 38th |
| Density | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 272: attempt to index local 'cat' (a nil value).[9] |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[10] |
| Founded | 1181[11] |
| Previous names | Khlynov (until 1781),[12] Vyatka (until December 1934)[12] |
| Postal code(s)[13] | 610000-610050 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8332[citation needed] |
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| [[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Kirov]] on Wikimedia Commons | |
Kirov (Russian: Киров; IPA: [ˈkʲirəf]), formerly known as Vyatka (Вя́тка) and Khlynov (Хлы́нов), is a city and the administrative center of Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyatka River. Population: 473,695 (2010 Census);[8] 480,411 (2002 Census);[14] 440,240 (1989 Census).[15]
Contents
History
The fort of Khlynov, situated just west of the Ural Mountains, was founded by Novgorodian entrepreneurs in 1181. It was first mentioned as a town in documents from 1374. Khlynov was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1489 and became known throughout Russia for its clay statuettes and whistles. It was also managed by Khanate of Kazan and was known as "Hılın". The town's oldest surviving monument is the Assumption Cathedral (1689), an imposing structure surmounted by five globular domes.
In 1781, Catherine the Great renamed the town Vyatka and made it the seat of Vyatka Governorate.[citation needed] The town also served as a place of exile, notably for Alexander Herzen, Alexander Vitberg, and Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin. By the end of the 19th century, it was an important station on the Trans-Siberian railway. In December 1934,[citation needed] it was renamed for the Soviet leader Sergey Kirov, who had been assassinated on December 1. However, whilst the name Kirov has remained since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, numerous institutions such as the university bear the former name of Vyatka.
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| The northeastern part of the Vyatka | City wharf and the ensemble of the Central square | Spasskaya Street | Khlebnaya Square | ||||
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S. Lobovikov |
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Administrative and municipal status
Kirov is the administrative center of the oblast.[1] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with 134 rural localities, incorporated as the City of Kirov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the City of Kirov is incorporated as Kirov Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy
Kirov is a major transport hub (railway; Trans-Siberian main) and river port. It is served by Kirov Pobedilovo airport. During the 1990s this airport was closed and for several years provided only irregular service. During the 2003-2006 summer seasons there were signs of a revival in air transportation as several companies attempted to establish flight routes from Kirov to Moscow and Krasnodar. Since 2006 Kirov airport has been used by a local company operating flights to Moscow.
The Kirov River port went bankrupt in the late 1990s and all its river boats were sold to other regions. Kirov is a center of machine building; metallurgy, light, the printing trade, biochemical and the timber industry.
Culture
Museums
Vyatka Museum of Art, one of the oldest museums in Russia, was founded in 1910 by local artists.
The idea of creation belongs to natives of Vyatka land, brothers artists Viktor Vasnetsov and Apollinary Vasnetsov. At the core of the collection — works that received the most part in the 1910-1920s from the State Museum Fund, private collections and as gifts — from patrons and artists. Today the museum has more than fifteen thousand exhibits and is located in four buildings in Kirov downtown.[16]
- Museum of K.E. Tsiolkovsky, Aviation & Space
- Vyatka cabinet of curiosities
- Kirov diorama
- House-Museum of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin
- Museum of A. Green
- House-Museum of N. Khokhryakova
- Kirov exhibition hall
- Kirov Planetarium
- Vyatka paleontological museum[17]
Theaters
- Kirov Oblast Drama Theater
- Kirov State Puppet Theater
- Kirov State Theater of Young Spectators "Theater of the Spasskaya"
Circus
According to a report in Pravda dated January 4, 2005, Kirov is known as the "city of twins" for the unusually high number of multiple births there.[18]
According to a report, the city is home to a high concentration of red-haired individuals.[19]
Sports
Rodina[20] plays in the highest division of Russian Bandy League. Their home arena has a capacity of 7500.[21] It will be the venue of the national final in 2013.[22]
Education
Kirov is the home of Vyatka University, Vyatka University for the Humanities, Vyatka Agricultural Academy and Kirov State Medical Academy.
Climate
Kirov has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb).
| Climate data for Kirov | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
6.0 (42.8) |
13.9 (57) |
27.3 (81.1) |
31.5 (88.7) |
36.9 (98.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
35.9 (96.6) |
30.1 (86.2) |
22.6 (72.7) |
11.0 (51.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
36.9 (98.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
0.0 (32) |
8.8 (47.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
24.2 (75.6) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.0 (57.2) |
5.9 (42.6) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
7.2 (45) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.9 (10.6) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.9 (66) |
15.6 (60.1) |
9.7 (49.5) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
3.1 (37.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −15.0 (5) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
6.3 (43.3) |
11.8 (53.2) |
14.1 (57.4) |
11.6 (52.9) |
6.4 (43.5) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−7.2 (19) |
−12.8 (9) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41.9 (−43.4) |
−40.5 (−40.9) |
−33.8 (−28.8) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
2.7 (36.9) |
0.0 (32) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−23.2 (−9.8) |
−39.8 (−39.6) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
−45.2 (−49.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 49 (1.93) |
33 (1.3) |
37 (1.46) |
34 (1.34) |
54 (2.13) |
78 (3.07) |
77 (3.03) |
77 (3.03) |
61 (2.4) |
64 (2.52) |
57 (2.24) |
55 (2.17) |
676 (26.61) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 42 (16.5) |
53 (20.9) |
57 (22.4) |
36 (14.2) |
6 (2.4) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
5 (2) |
13 (5.1) |
24 (9.4) |
236 (92.9) |
| Average rainy days | 6 | 4 | 6 | 14 | 18 | 19 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 20 | 11 | 7 | 165 |
| Average snowy days | 23 | 19 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 15 | 22 | 101 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 81 | 74 | 65 | 60 | 67 | 70 | 76 | 80 | 84 | 86 | 85 | 76.1 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 27.9 | 67.2 | 114.7 | 222.0 | 272.8 | 291.0 | 328.6 | 235.6 | 153.0 | 62.0 | 27.0 | 18.6 | 1,820.4 |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net[23] | |||||||||||||
Gallery
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Kirov New bridge
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Kirov. The bottom pond at a diorama
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Armenian church. Kirov
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Spasskaya Street
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The bandy stadium
Twin towns and sister cities
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Kirov is twinned with:
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Law #387-ZO
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Law #284-ZO
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Charter of Kirov, Article 28
- ↑ Кировская городская Дума
- ↑ Генеральный план Кирова
- ↑ Площадь в границах Кировского городского округа — 757,04 км²
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 (Russian)"15 лет от имени народа : Законодательное Собрание", под общ. ред. В. А. Васильева. (Киров:Триада-плюс, 2009) – 280 с.
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ http://artgallery.kirov.ru/vasnecov.html
- ↑ Вятский палеонтологический музей
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Кировской области. Закон №387-ЗО от 2 декабря 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кировской области», в ред. Закона №249-ЗО от 29 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Кировской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кировской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вятский край", №228–228 (3635–3636), 13 декабря 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kirov Oblast. Law #387-ZO of December 2, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kirov Oblast, as amended by the Law #249-ZO of December 29, 2012 On Amending the Law of Kirov Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kirov Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Кировской области. Закон №284-ЗО от 7 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Кировской области и наделении их статусом муниципального района, городского округа, городского поселения, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №350-ЗО от 11 ноября 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Кировской области». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вятский край", №233–234 (3401–3402), 21 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kirov Oblast. Law #284-ZO of December 7, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Kirov Oblast and on Granting Them the Municipal District, Urban Okrug, Urban Settlement, Rural Settlement Status, as amended by the Law #350-ZO of November 11, 2013 On Amending Various Laws of Kirov Oblast. Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication.).
- Кировская городская Дума. Решение №42/19 от 29 июня 2005 г. «Об Уставе муниципального образования "Город Киров"», в ред. Решения №40/5 от 25 сентября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Устав муниципального образования "Город Киров", принятый Решением Кировской городской Думы от 29.06.2005 №42/19». Вступил в силу в соответствии со статьёй 56. Опубликован: "Вятский край", №130 (3538), 13 июля 2005 г. (Kirov City Duma. Decision #42/19 of June 29, 2005 On the Charter of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Kirov", as amended by the Decision #40/5 of September 25, 2015 On Amending the Charter of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Kirov" Adopted by the Decision #42/19 of Kirov City Duma of June 29, 2005. Effective as of the date set forth in accordance with the provisions of Article 56.).
Further reading
- (Russian) Vyatka. Materials for the History of the 17th and 18th Centuries (1887) (Вятка. Материалы для истории города XVII и XVIII столетий) at Runivers.ru in DjVu and PDF formats
External links
- Official website of Kirov (Russian)
- Unofficial website of Kirov (Russian)
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Administrative center: Kirov
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