Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Body horror, biological horror, organic horror or visceral horror is horror fiction in which the horror is principally derived from the graphic destruction or degeneration of the body.[1] Such works may deal with decay, disease, parasitism, mutation, or mutilation. Other types of body horror include unnatural movements, or the anatomically incorrect placement of limbs to create "monsters" from human body parts. David Cronenberg, Frank Henenlotter, Brian Yuzna, Stuart Gordon, Lloyd Kaufman, and Clive Barker are notable directors of this genre. The term body horror was coined with the "Body Horror" theme issue of the University of Glasgow film journal Screen (vol. 27, no. 1, Jan–Feb 1986), containing several essays on the subject.
Notable films and television series
Notable graphic novels
| Novel |
Year |
Description |
| Parasyte |
1988–1995 |
wherein human bodies are taken over by parasitic extraterrestrial organisms. |
| The Invisibles |
1994–2000 |
wherein the human converts of an invading interdimensional force are selected for "modification". |
| Ed the Happy Clown |
1983–2006 |
wherein the titular character endures having the tip of his penis replaced with the head of Ronald Reagan. |
| Black Hole (comic) |
1995–2005 |
wherein a sexually transmitted disease gives teenagers in a small town grotesque mutations. |
| Uzumaki |
1998–1999 |
wherein humans distort into spirals. |
| Saya no Uta |
2003–2013 |
wherein the main character Fuminori has agnosia as known as "meat-vision". |
| Animal Man (comic book) |
2011–2014 |
The New 52 ongoing Animal Man features many body horror elements including grotesque mutations, disease and decomposition of animals, plants and humans alike. |
Use in video games
In recent years the subjects of human experimentation, medical research, and infection have played large roles in video games whose plots are heavily influenced by themes common in body horror.
| Video Game |
Year |
Description |
| Amnesia: The Dark Descent and Amnesia: A Machine for Pigs |
2010, 2013 |
The gatherer enemies are deformed human-like monsters; their eyelids are cut off and their bottom jaw is mutilated and stretched down and attached to their chests leaving their mouths permanently open. |
| BioShock (series) |
2007–2014 |
Both BioShock and BioShock 2 consist of enemies called Splicers, who were once normal humans that were heavily mutated and driven insane from a drug called ADAM, which they used to re-write their genetic codes to develop "psychic" powers such as telekinesis and pyrokinesis. The game also contains the iconic Big Daddy, which is a man whose skin has been removed, and whose organs have been grafted to the inside of a modified deep-sea diving suit. BioShock Infinite uses a similar premise, although in this case series of compounds called Vigors grant the player extraordinary abilities; however, unlike ADAM they are consumed orally rather than injected. In this game, the Big Daddy has been replaced by the Handyman, a human whose spinal cord, head, and heart have been connected to a steampunk robotic frame with minor effects like psychological trauma. |
| Dead Space (series) |
2008–2013 |
The primary enemies of the series are called necromorphs which are mutated humans with protruding appendages, open wounds, and rotting flesh. |
| Fallout (series) |
1997–present |
The fallout games take place in a post apocalyptic wasteland and as such many of the enemies and species have physical deformities from the radiation. |
| Half-life (series) |
1998–2007 |
Parasitic monsters know as headcrabs attach themselves to heads of people and cause them to develop mutations such as elongated claws and gaping jaws in their chests. |
| Outlast |
2013 |
A first person survival horror game in which an investigative journalist explores an asylum housing inmates displaying various degrees of bodily mutilation and/or mutation. |
| Parasite Eve |
1998 |
The Squaresoft (now known as Square Enix) video game based on the 1996 Japanese Science fiction horror novel of the same title, was released in 1998. The premise of both the novel and "cinematic RPG" being that the mitochondria, organelles from early aerobic bacteria that formed a symbiotic partnership with cells of most present day multicellular eukaryotes, e.g. humans, are able to retain their separate identity as independent organisms in the form of cellular parasites. A dispersed intelligence, known as Eve, was able to take over the consciousness of certain individuals to make them reproduce and form an ultimate organism that will bring the downfall of humanity and other creatures alike. |
Use in tabletop gaming
| Traditional Game |
Year |
Description |
| Magic: The Gathering |
1993–present |
The basis of Phyrexia, an antagonist faction composed of assimilatory biomechanical undead. The Scars of Mirrodin block in particular focuses on this theme, in which assimilation and infection are emphasised upon, and Phyrexia has branched into all colours of mana, introducing new forms of mutilation. |
| Warhammer |
1983–present |
Mutation and bodily modification are emphasised upon in the Chaos factions. |
See also
References
- ↑ Definition of "body horror". CollinsDictionary.com. Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved November 01, 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
External links
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