List of rocks on Mars

This is an alphabetical list of named rocks (and meteorites) found on Mars, by mission. This list does not include Martian meteorites found on Earth.

Names for Mars rocks are largely unofficial designations used for ease of discussion purposes, as the International Astronomical Union's official Martian naming system declares that objects smaller than 100 m (330 ft) are not to be given official names. Because of this, some less significant rocks seen in photos returned by Mars rovers have been named more than once, and others have even had their names changed later due to conflicts or even matters of opinion. Often rocks are named after the children or family members of astronauts or NASA employees. The name "Jazzy", for example, was taken from a girl named "Jazzy" who grew up in Grand Junction, CO, USA. Her father worked for NASA and contributed to the findings and naming of the rocks.

Interactive imagemap of the global topography of Mars, overlain with locations of Mars landers and rovers. Hover your mouse to see the names of prominent geographic features, and click to link to them. Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations, based on data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Reds and pinks are higher elevation (+3 km to +8 km); yellow is 0 km; greens and blues are lower elevation (down to −8 km). Whites (>+12 km) and browns (>+8 km) are the highest-most elevations. Axes are latitude and longitude; note poles are not shown.

Spirit (2004) >

Opportunity (2004) >

**Notable rocks** on Mars

Adirondack (Spirit)	Barnacle Bill (Sojourner)	Bathurst Inlet (Curiosity)	Big Joe* (Viking)	Block Island (Opportunity) M	Bounce (Opportunity)	Coronation (Curiosity)	El Capitan (Opportunity)

Esperance* (Opportunity)	Goulburn (Curiosity)	Heat Shield (Opportunity) M	Home Plate (Spirit)	Hottah (Curiosity)	Jake Matijevic (Curiosity)	Last Chance (Opportunity)	Link (Curiosity)

Mackinac Island (Opportunity) M	Mimi* (Spirit)	Oileán Ruaidh (Opportunity) M	Pot of Gold (Spirit)	Rocknest 3 (Curiosity)	Shelter Island (Opportunity) M	Tintina (Curiosity)	Yogi (Sojourner)
This box: view talk edit \|(Notes: * = linked article is about the mission that encountered this rock; M = Meteorite)

1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 and Viking 2 landers

Viking 1 Lander – July 20, 1976; Last Earth Contact – November 13, 1982.^[1]^[2]
Mars landing coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.^[1]
Viking 2 Lander – September 3, 1976; Last Earth Contact – April 11, 1980.^[1]^[3]
Mars landing coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.^[1]
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and 1-JPL and 2-JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

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"Big Joe" rock on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander (February 11, 1978).
"Big Joe" rock on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander (February 11, 1978).
"Big Joe" rock on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander.
Rocks on Mars – viewed by the Viking 1 Lander (July 21, 1976).
Rocks on Mars – viewed by the Viking 2 Lander (September 5, 1976).
Rocks on Mars – viewed by the Viking 2 Lander (September 25, 1977).

Panorama of rocks near the Viking 1 Lander (July 20, 1976) - First "clear" image ever transmitted from the surface of Mars.

Panorama of rocks near the Viking 1 Lander (July 23, 1976).

Panorama of rocks near the Viking 2 Lander (1976).

1997 – Sojourner rover (Mars Pathfinder)

Sojourner Rover – July 4, 1997; Last Earth Contact – September 27, 1997.^[4]
Mars landing coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
(Raw Images - 1-Camera/Sol and 2-Camera/Sol and 3-Camera/Sol and 1-JPL and 2-JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

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Rover Map of Sojourner's route on Mars (Sol 83, 1997) (Archive).
"Barnacle Bill" rock on Mars – near the Sojourner Rover.
"Barnacle Bill" rock on Mars - viewed by the Sojourner Rover.
"Yogi" rock (circled) on Mars – near the Sojourner Rover.
"Yogi" rock on Mars – analyzed by the Sojourner Rover.
"Yogi" rock on Mars - viewed by the Sojourner Rover.

Panorama of rocks near the Sojourner Rover (July 10, 1997).

Panorama of rocks near the Sojourner Rover (December 5, 1997).

2004 – Spirit rover (MER-A)

Spirit Rover – January 4, 2004; Last Earth Contact – May 25, 2011.^[5]
Mars landing coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.^[6]
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

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Rover Map of Spirit's route on Mars (Sol 1509, April 2, 2008) (Archive to Sol 2555, March 15, 2011 Current).
"Adirondack" rock on Mars – viewed by the Spirit Rover.
"Home Plate" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the Spirit Rover.
"Mimi" rock on Mars – viewed by the Spirit Rover.
"Pot of Gold" rock on Mars – viewed by the Spirit Rover.

Panorama of rocks near the Spirit Rover – Gusev Crater "Winter Haven" ("McMurdo") (August 17, 2006) (high-resolution description).

Panorama of rocks near the Spirit Rover – Gusev Crater (August 5, 2004).

2004 – Opportunity rover (MER-B)

Opportunity Rover – January 25, 2004; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.^[7]
Mars landing coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.^[6]
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

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Rover Map of Opportunity's route on Mars (Sol 2055, January 24, 2009) (Archive to Sol 3342, June 21, 2013 Current).
"Block Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (July 31, 2009).
"Blueberries" (hematite spheres) on rock outcrop at Eagle Crater – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (Sol 46 – March, 2004).
"Blueberries" at "Kirkwood" near Endeavour Crater – Opportunity Rover (September 6, 2012).
"Bounce" rock on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover.
"El Capitan" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the Opportunity Rover.
"El Capitan" rock outcrop on Mars – studied by the Opportunity Rover.
"Esperance" rock on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (February 23, 2013).
"Heat Shield" meteorite (officially, Meridiani Planum meteorite) on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (January 6, 2005).
"Homestake" vein on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (November 12, 2012).
"Last Chance" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover.
"Mackinac Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (October 13, 2009).
"Oileán Ruaidh" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (September 24, 2010).
"Pinnacle Island" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by Opportunity (January 23, 2014).^[9]^[10]
"Pinnacle Island" rock - "mysterious" appearance imaged by Opportunity (January 17, 2014).^[9]^[10]
"Pinnacle Island" rock - microscopic view by Opportunity (February 1, 2014).^[9]^[10]
"Pinnacle Island" rock - location where rock was dislodged by Opportunity (February 4, 2014).
"Shelter Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (October 3, 2009).
"Shelter Island" meteorite on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (October 1, 2009).
"Sparkling Spheres" embedded in trench wall at Meridiani Planum - viewed by the Opportunity Rover (February, 2004).
"Whitewater River" rock on Mars – viewed by the Opportunity Rover (November 12, 2012).

Panorama of rocks near the Opportunity Rover – Eagle crater (March 5, 2004).

Panorama of rocks near the Opportunity Rover – Payson outcrop – Erebus crater (February 26, 2006).

2008 – Phoenix lander

Phoenix Lander – May 25, 2008; Last Earth Contact – November 10, 2008.^[11]
Mars landing coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
(Raw Images - Camera/Sol and JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

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Panorama of rocks near the Phoenix Lander (May 25, 2008).

Panorama of rocks near the Phoenix Lander (August 19, 2008).

2012 – Curiosity rover (Mars Science Laboratory)

Curiosity Rover – August 6, 2012; CURRENTLY ACTIVE.^[12]
Mars landing coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.)
(Raw Images - Camera and Sol and 1-JPL and 2-JPL + NASA Image Viewer.)

4

First-Year & First-Mile Traverse Map of the Curiosity rover on Mars (August 1, 2013; 3-D).
"Alexander Hills" bedrock on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (November 23, 2014).
"Bathurst Inlet" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (September 30, 2012).
PIA18477-MarsCuriosityRover-BonanzaKingRock-Drill-20140911.jpg

"Bonanza King" rock on Mars - dusted and initially drilled (September 11, 2014).
PIA18478-MarsCuriosityRover-Bonanz-KingRock-Drill-LightColorVein-20140911.jpg

"Bonanza King" rock on Mars - drilling stopped due to loose rock (September 11, 2014).
"Buckskin" rock on Mars – Curiosity drilling site
(July 30, 2015).
"Burwash" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (October 29, 2012).
PIA18609-MarsCuriosityRover-1stDrillHoleMountSharp-ConfidenceHillsRock-Mahli-Sol759-20140924.jpg

"Confidence Hills" rock on Mars - Curiosity's first target at Mount Sharp (September 24, 2014).
"Coronation" rock on Mars – first target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on the Curiosity rover (August 17, 2012).
"Coronation" rock on Mars – close-up - viewed by the Curiosity rover (August 17, 2012).
"Crestaurum" sand patch on Mars – before/after ChemCam laser hits – as viewed by Curiosity (October 20, 2012).
"Cumberland" bedrock on Mars - Curiosity's second drilling site (Yellowknife Bay; February 19, 2013; white balanced).
"Cumberland" bedrock on Mars - Curiosity's second drilling site - before/after (Yellowknife Bay; May 19, 2013).
"Darwin" rock outcrop on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (Waypoint 1; September 10, 2013; overview).
"Darwin" rock outcrop ridge - viewed by Curiosity (Waypoint1; September 21, 2013; context).
"Darwin" sandstone on Mars - viewed by the Curiosity rover (Waypoint 1; September 21, 2013; closeup).
"Ekwir_1" rock on Mars – cleaned with Curiosity's "Dust Removal Tool" (DRT) (January 6, 2013; closeup).
"Et-Then" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (October 29, 2012).
"Garden City" rock – as viewed by the Curiosity rover (March 18, 2015).
"Garden City" rock - closeup – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (March 2, 2015).
"Gillespie Lake" rock texture – as viewed by the MAHLI camera on the Curiosity rover (December 19, 2012).
"Goulburn" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient streambed viewed by Curiosity (August 17, 2012).
"Goulburn" rock outcrop on Mars – close-up viewed by Curiosity (August 17, 2012).
"Harrison" rock (and crystals) on Mars – viewed by the Curiosity rover (January 15, 2014).
"Hidden Valley" sand - Curiosity's tracks (August 4, 2014).
"Hidden Valley" water-related sedimentary deposits on Mars – Curiosity rover (August 7, 2014).
"High Dune" sand (undisturbed) – Curiosity rover (December 5,2015).
"Hottah" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient streambed viewed by Curiosity (September 12, 2012; closeup; 3-D).
"Ithaca" rock on Mars – target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on Curiosity (October 30, 2013; closeup).
"Jake Matijevic" rock on Mars – a prime test target of the Curiosity rover (September 19, 2012).
Jake Matijevic rock on Mars – target of APSX & ChemCam on Curiosity (September 22, 2012).
"John Klein" A/B/C mudstone on Mars – near Curiosity's first drilling site (December 25, 2012).
"John Klein" mudstone - results of Curiosity's first drilling tests (Yellowknife Bay; February 6, 2013).^[20]
"John Klein" mudstone - drill hole (1.6 cm (0.63 in)) made by Curiosity (Yellowknife Bay; May 10, 2013).
"Knorr" sedimentary rock on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on Curiosity (December 20, 2012).^[13]
"Lamoose" rock (high silica levels) – viewed by Curiosity (July 11, 2015).
"Lebanon" meteorite on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (May 25, 2014).
"Link" rock outcrop on Mars – ancient streambed viewed by Curiosity (September 2, 2012).
"Missoula" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (July 1, 2015).
"Missoula" rock outcrop - "Buckskin" drilling site (July 1, 2015).
"Mojave 2" rock on Mars – drilling site - viewed by Curiosity (December 31, 2015).
"Not Bones" on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (August 21, 2014).
"Nova" rock on Mars – 1st laser spark imaged (Curiosity rover; July 12, 2014; video (01:07)).
"Nova" rock on Mars – ChemCam spectra (Curiosity rover; July 12, 2014).
"Pahrump Hills" rock outcrop on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (September 23, 2014).
"Pahrump Hills" bedrock on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (November 9, 2014).
"Pahrump Hills" sand - viewed by Curiosity (November 13, 2014).
"Pahrump Hills" sand - Curiosity's tracks (November 7, 2014).
"Pink Cliffs" rock outcrop on Mars - viewed by Curiosity (October 7, 2014).
"Point Lake" rock outcrop (detail) on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (June 13, 2013; context).
"Rocknest" sand patch on Mars – target for the first use of Curiosity's scoop (September 28, 2012).
"Rocknest" sand – first X-ray analysis of Martian soil (Curiosity rover; October 30, 2012)^[21]
"Rocknest" sand on Mars – scoffmark made by the Curiosity rover (MAHLI, October 4, 2012).
"Rocknest" sand patch on Mars – Curiosity's scooper sifts a load of sand (October 7, 2012).
Sand tracks – uncover finer grains (Curiosity rover; December 3, 2015).
"Rocknest 3" rock on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on Curiosity (October 5, 2012).
"Sayunei" rock on Mars – Curiosity's view at night (January 22, 2013; wh light).
"Sayunei" rock on Mars – Curiosity's view at night (January 22, 2013; uv light).
"Shaler" rock outcrop on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on the Curiosity rover (December 7, 2012).
"Sheepbed" rock outcrop on Mars – as viewed by the MastCam on Curiosity (December 13, 2012).
"Snake River" rock feature on Mars – as viewed by Curiosity (December 20, 2012).^[18]
"Sutton Inlier" rock on Mars – broken by the Curiosity rover (January 31, 2013).^[13]
"Sutton Inlier" soil on Mars - target of ChemCam's laser - Curiosity rover (May 11, 2013).
Tintina broken hydrated rock on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (January 19, 2013; context).^[13]^[19]
Tintina broken hydrated rock on Mars – viewed by Curiosity (January 19, 2013; analysis).^[13]^[19]
"Unnamed-20120902" rock on Mars – as viewed by the Curiosity rover (September 2, 2012).
"Wernecke" rock on Mars – cleaned with Curiosity's "Dust Removal Tool" (DRT) (January 26, 2013).^[13]
"Whale" rock on Mars - cross-bedding due to passage of water - as viewed by Curiosity (November 2, 2014).
"Windjana" sandstone on Mars - as viewed by the Curiosity rover (Kimberley; April 23, 2014; context).
"Windjana" sandstone on Mars - drill hole (1.6 cm (0.63 in)) made by Curiosity (Kimberley; April 29, 2014).
"Winnipesaukee" rock on Mars - target of the ChemCam laser analyzer on Curiosity (June 8, 2014).
"Yellowjacket" rock on Mars – as viewed by the Curiosity rover (May 15, 2015).

Panorama of rocks near the Curiosity Rover – near "Bradbury Landing" (August 9, 2012).

Panorama of rocks near "Mount Sharp" as viewed from the Curiosity Rover (September 20, 2012; white balanced; raw color).

Panorama of rocks near the Curiosity Rover at "Rocknest" (November 16, 2012; white balanced; raw color; interactives).

Panorama of rocks and "Drilling Sites" near the Curiosity Rover at Yellowknife Bay (December 24, 2012).

Panorama of rocks and "Drilling Sites" near the Curiosity Rover at Yellowknife Bay (December 24, 2012).

Panorama of rocks in "Hidden Valley" near the "Pahrump Hills" on the slopes of "Mount Sharp" as viewed from the Curiosity Rover (September 11, 2014; white balanced).

Panorama of rocks near "Dingo Gap" on the way to "Mount Sharp" viewed by the Curiosity rover (January 30, 2014; white balanced; raw color).

Panorama of rocks at the "Mojave" site on "Mount Sharp" (January 31, 2015).

Panorama of the rocky slopes of "Mount Sharp" (September 9, 2015).

Panorama of rocks near the Curiosity Rover – at Yellowknife Bay around sunset (February 2013; sun simulated by artist).

Other rock formations

"Face on Mars" – due to Sun's lighting (Viking 1 orbiter; July 25, 1976)
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"Smiley face" in Galle Crater on Mars.
(Viking 1 orbiter; 1970s).
"Heart-shaped" features on Mars (MGS, MOC; February 14, 2004).
Cave entrances (possible) on Mars (2001 Mars Odyssey; September 24, 2007).
Mars monolith on Mars – rectangular boulder (MRO; July 24, 2008)
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Oblong boulder on Mars – lands upright after rolling down a hill (MRO; July 3, 2014)
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Rootless cones on Mars – due to lava flows interacting with water (MRO; January 4, 2013)
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References

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External links

Mars - Geologic Map (USGS, 2014) (original / crop / full / video (00:56)).
Rocks on Mars (Geology.com)
MPF Rock Names
Named Rocks on Mars (ppt file)
NASA – Mars Exploration Program
Minerals and the Origins of Life (Robert Hazen, NASA) (video, 60m, April 2014).

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v t e Mars Science Laboratory
General	Curiosity rover Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory
Instruments	APXS ChemCam CheMin DAN DRT Hazcam MARDI MAHLI MastCam Navcam RAD REMS Robotic arm SAM
Features	MarsDial MMRTG Rocker-bogie
Sites	Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp) Aeolis Palus Bradbury Landing Gale Crater Glenelg Peace Vallis Rocknest Yellowknife Bay
Rocks	Bathurst Inlet Coronation Goulburn Hottah Jake Matijevic Link Rocknest Rocknest 3 Tintina
Book Category Portal:Mars

v t e Mars Exploration Rover program
General	Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Spirit rover (MER-A) Opportunity rover (MER-B) Scientific information
Spirit rover	Gusev crater Surface features of Mars seen by Spirit
Opportunity rover	Timeline Meridiani Planum Endeavour crater Surface features of Mars seen by Opportunity
Instruments	APXS Cameras (Hazcam, Navcam, Pancam) MIMOS II Mini-TES Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT) Rover embedded computers
Related	Computers (IBM RAD6000) DSN JPL Maestro Rocker-bogie Rockets (Delta II Heavy) Cleaning event
Other	Phoenix lander Curiosity rover timeline ExoMars rover Mars 2020 rover mission 2001 Mars Odyssey Mars Global Surveyor Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 37452 Spirit 39382 Opportunity

List of rocks on Mars

Contents

1976 – Viking program: Viking 1 and Viking 2 landers

1997 – Sojourner rover (Mars Pathfinder)

2004 – Spirit rover (MER-A)

2004 – Opportunity rover (MER-B)

2008 – Phoenix lander

2012 – Curiosity rover (Mars Science Laboratory)

Other rock formations

See also

References

External links

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