Madagascar spiny forests

Spiny forest at Ifaty, featuring various Adansonia (baobab) species, Alluaudia procera (Madagascar ocotillo) and other vegetation

The Madagascar spiny forests (also known as the Madagascar spiny thickets) is an ecoregion in Madagascar. The vegetation type is found on poor substrates with low, erratic winter rainfall. An estimated 14,000 to 17,000 square miles (44,000 km²) is covered with this habitat, all in the southwest of the country. The ecoregion contains an outstanding proportion of endemic plant species.

Plant diversity

Approximate extent of the spiny forests of Toliara Province, Madagascar.

Many constituent plants show extreme adaptations to drought. Spiny plants of the endemic family Didiereaceae form a conspicuous component, especially towards the east. They are woody but distantly related to the cacti (see Caryophyllales). The remaining component of the forests is dominated by members of the plant families Burseraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Anacardiaceae and Fabaceae, all which have representatives elsewhere.

Conservation

Existing reserves protect a maximum of 3% of remaining vegetation. Andohahela National Park offers limited protection through its 'parcel 3' section. Elsewhere the spiny forest habitat is under pressure from human exploitation. The main impacting activities are:

• Burning for conversion to grazing land
• Harvesting for charcoal and firewood
• Logging for construction

Gallery

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  The Madagascar ocotillo, Alluaudia procera, named after the unrelated ocotillo

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  The bottle tree, Moringa drouhardii, found mainly in the spiny forests

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  A fat-tailed dwarf lemur of the spiny forests and succulent woodlands

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  Verreaux's sifaka, a lemur species occurring, in part, in the spiny forests

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  A ring-tailed lemur in Berenty Reserve, set in the spiny forests ecoregion

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  Grandidier's mongoose, a range-restricted carnivore of the spiny forests

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  The subdesert mesite, endemic to the spiny forests

External links

• For extent, fragmentation and intact sections, see: A refined classification of the primary vegetation of Madagascar based on the underlying geology, Du Puy and Moat, 1996.
• For dominant plant families, see: Structure and floristic composition of the vegetation in the Réserve Naturelle Intégrale d’Andohahela, Madagascar, Rakotomalaza and Messmer, 1999.
• Madagascar spiny thickets (Encyclopedia of the Earth)

See also

• Berenty Reserve
• Beza Mahafaly Reserve
• Ebenavia maintimainty
• Ecoregions of Madagascar

• Lake Tsimanampetsotsa
• List of national parks of Madagascar
• Moringa (genus)
• Sakoa