Northern Rail (Serco-Abellio)

This article is about the train operating company operated by Serco and Abellio between 2004 and March 2016. For the new Northern franchise operator, see Northern (train operating company).

Northern Rail

Overview
Franchise(s):	Northern 12 December 2004 – 31 March 2016
Main Region(s):	North West, North East, Yorkshire and the Humber
Other Region(s):	East Midlands and Staffordshire
Fleet size:	333
Stations called at:	526
Stations operated:	464
Route km operated:	2,695.7
National Rail abbreviation:	NT
Parent company:	Serco-Abellio
Website:	www.northernrail.org

Northern Rail (also known as Northern) was an English train operating company owned by Serco-Abellio. It was the primary train operator in Northern England, and operated the most stations of any train operating company in the UK. Northern Rail also operated the Northern Electrics sub-brand on electrified services in North West England using class 319 units from Thameslink. Northern Rail (Northern) was replaced on 1 April 2016 by Arriva Rail North's Northern brand.

History

In 2000 the Strategic Rail Authority announced that it planned to reorganise the North West Regional Railways and Regional Railways North East franchises operated by First North Western and Arriva Trains Northern. A TransPennine Express franchise would be created for the long-distance regional services, with the remaining services to be operated by a new Northern franchise.

On 1 July 2004 the Strategic Rail Authority awarded the franchise to Serco-NedRailways, beating FirstGroup. The franchise was awarded for six years and nine months, with a two-year extension subject to performance targets being achieved.

Serco-NedRailways' bid had assumed that some Class 142 Pacer trains would be released imminently when Manchester Metrolink services started between Manchester and Oldham. Due to a substantial delay in extending the Metrolink, it became clear that this was not going to be the case. As a result the contract signing was delayed, and the services operated by First North Western and Arriva Trains Northern did not transfer to Northern until 12 December 2004.

In May 2010 the Department for Transport confirmed that Northern had met the performance targets, and the franchise was extended for two years until September 2013. In May 2012 the Department for Transport granted Northern a six-month extension until 31 March 2014. In March 2013 the Secretary of State for Transport announced the franchise would be further extended to February 2016.

In August 2014, the Department for Transport announced Abellio, Arriva and Govia had been shortlisted to bid for the next franchise.

On 9 December 2015, it was announced that Arriva trading as Northern had been awarded a new franchise to run from 1 April 2016 through to March 2025.

On 1 April, just before the franchise change over, the final service, 2A89 0044 Crewe to Manchester Piccadilly ran using Class 323 323231.

Services

Main article: List of Northern Rail routes

Additional services

In December 2008 Northern Rail introduced an express service from Leeds to Nottingham calling at Wakefield Kirkgate, Barnsley, Meadowhall, Sheffield, Dronfield, Chesterfield, Alfreton and Langley Mill using a Class 158 unit. The 10:17 service from Sheffield on Sundays continues to Carlisle creating a direct train service between Sheffield and Carlisle for the first time since the demise of British Rail. The service returns from Carlisle at 15:10.

In May 2015 Northern Rail announced the re-introduction of a direct service between Blackburn and Manchester Victoria via Burnley following the reopening of the Todmorden Curve. The service operates hourly, seven days a week.

Former services

Services on the route from Thorpes Bridge Junction, Newton Heath to Rochdale East Junction via Oldham, known as the Oldham Loop Line, ceased on 3 October 2009. The line was subsequently converted for Manchester Metrolink operation and reopened as a Metrolink route in 2012.

Performance

Northern Rail won Public Transport Operator of the Year 2007 at the National Transport Awards and was praised by the judges for attracting 20% more passengers since 2004. When the extension of its franchise was announced, Northern stated that it had improved punctuality from 83.7% in the 12 months to December 2004 to 91.6% in the 12 months to May 2010, meaning that around 200 more trains per day were on time than in 2004.

In the period 15 October 2009 to 14 November 2009, Northern's punctuality was 91.1% and reliability was 92.2%. Northern's passenger charter targets were 91% for punctuality and 99% for reliability.

The franchise agreement commits to a 15% reduction in delays in the first five years and to a new 'incentive/penalty regime' and a more 'local focus on performance'.

The latest official figures released by NR (Network Rail) rate punctuality (PPM) at 91.9% and an MAA of 90.7% for period 7 (2013/2014) and the 12 months up to 12 October 2013.

The annual report for 2012, published in March 2013, of the Nederlandse Spoorwegen stated that Northern Rail transported 263,000 passengers daily. The customer satisfaction decreased to 80%. In May 2011 Northern Rail received the "Sustainable Business of the Year" award.

Rolling stock

Northern Rail operated a large diesel fleet, which was used on most services. There were also a smaller electric fleet used on shorter distance services around Leeds and Manchester and on services between Liverpool and Manchester.

Northern inherited a fleet of class 142, 144, 150, 153 155, 156, 158, 321. 323 and 333s from Arriva Trains Northern and First North Western.

In October 2006 Northern leased six former Central Trains Class 158s that had been on loan to First Great Western.

In March 2007 Northern announced it would be acquiring a further 30 Class 158s from Arriva Trains Wales, Central Trains and First Great Western to replace 26 Class 142 Pacers. Northern ended up only receiving 19 Class 158s, but did gain eight centre carriages from East Midlands Trains in 2008 that were inserted into Northern’s ex First North Western Class 158s. Twelve Class 142 Pacers were placed in store but reactivated by the end of 2008 when they were sublet to First Great Western from December 2008 and the balance returning to service with Northern.

In Autumn 2008 five Class 142 Pacers returned from First Great Western with the remaining seven following in Autumn 2011.

From December 2008 until December 2011 Northern leased three Class 180s for use on Blackpool North to Manchester Victoria and Hazel Grove services.

From July 2011 Northern received 18 Class 150s from London Midland. From October 2011, five Class 322s from First ScotRail entered service.

In March 2015 the first Class 319s entered service on the Liverpool Lime Street to Manchester Airport service.

Fleet

Class	Image	Type	Top speed		Total	Routes	Built
			mph	km/h
37		Loco	80	130	2	Cumbrian Coast Line (Monday to Saturday only) Loco-hauled services were operated by Direct Rail Services on behalf of Northern Rail	1960–5
Mark 2 Carriage		Coach			6		TBC
		DBSO			2		1974
142 Pacer		DMU	75	120	79	Manchester Victoria–Southport/Kirkby Chester–Manchester Piccadilly Southport–Chester (Sundays only) Manchester Piccadilly–New Mills/Rose Hill Marple/Sheffield Leeds–Morecambe/Lancaster/Sheffield/York Liverpool Lime St–Manchester Oxford Rd/Blackpool North Huddersfield–Manchester Victoria Colne–Blackpool South Cumbrian Coast Line Newcastle–Hexham/Middlesbrough Bishop Auckland/Darlington–Saltburn Middlesbrough–Hexham Crewe/Alderley Edge/Macclesfield–Manchester Piccadilly Stockport-Stalybridge (one train a week, northbound only) Metrocentre & Newcastle–Morpeth & Chathill Sheffield–Lincoln Sheffield–Brigg–Cleethorpes (Saturdays only) Hull–York Blackburn–Manchester Victoria	1985–7
144 Pacer		DMU	75	120	23	Leeds–Harrogate/York/Manchester Victoria (stopper)/Huddersfield/Goole/Sheffield/Morecambe Sheffield/Wakefield Westgate–Huddersfield Sheffield–Scunthorpe/Lincoln Sheffield–Brigg–Cleethorpes (Saturdays only) Sheffield-Barnsley-Penistone-Huddersfield Also seen sometimes pulling Class 158s on the Caldervale line during peak time where extra capacity is needed.	1986–7
150/1 Sprinter		DMU	75	120	30	Manchester Victoria–Clitheroe/Leeds/Selby Colne–Blackpool South Manchester Piccadilly–Buxton/Sheffield/Rose Hill Marple Liverpool Lime Street–Blackpool North/Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester Victoria/Airport–Wigan Wallgate/Southport/Kirkby Chester–Manchester Piccadilly Southport–Altrincham–Chester (Sundays only) Blackburn–Manchester Victoria Huddersfield- Manchester Victoria	1984–7
150/2 Sprinter		DMU	75	120	28	Manchester Victoria–Clitheroe/Leeds Huddersfield–Selby Colne–Blackpool South Wakefield Kirkgate–Knottingley Manchester Piccadilly–Buxton/Sheffield/Rose Hill Marple Liverpool Lime Street–Blackpool North/Manchester Oxford Rd Manchester Victoria/Airport–Wigan Wallgate/Southport Chester–Altrincham–Manchester Piccadilly Southport–Altrincham–Chester (Sundays only) Blackburn–Manchester Victoria Huddersfield- Manchester Victoria York-Knaresborough/Harrogate/Burley Park(Leeds). Leeds-Harrogate/Knaresborough/Poppleton (York).	1984–7
153 Super Sprinter		DMU	75	120	18	Manchester Victoria–Clitheroe Colne–Blackpool South Preston–Ormskirk Leeds–Knottingley Wakefield Kirkgate–Knottingley Morecambe/Heysham Port/Lancaster- Barrow in Furness/Maryport/Carlisle (Cumbrian Coast Line ) Cleethorpes–Barton-on-Humber (Barton Line) Also seen coupled to other trains for additional capacity, sometimes seen in South Yorkshire replacing services usually run by Pacers.	1987–8 (Converted 1991-2)
155 Super Sprinter		DMU	75	120	7	Leeds-Harrogate/Knaresborough/Poppleton (York) York-Knaresborough/Harrogate/Burley Park (Leeds) Leeds- Bradford- Manchester Victoria Leeds-Brighouse-Manchester Victoria (Mondays to Saturdays only)	1988
156 Super Sprinter		DMU	75	120	42	Colne–Blackpool South (Sundays only) Cumbrian Coast Line Newcastle–Carlisle Blackpool North–Manchester Victoria Preston–Hazel Grove Liverpool Lime Street–Blackpool North/Manchester Oxford Road Manchester Piccadilly–Rose Hill Marple/Buxton/Sheffield Helsby–Ellesmere Port/Warrington Bank Quay Manchester Victoria/Airport–Wigan Wallgate/Southport/Kirkby Chester–Manchester Piccadilly Southport–Altrincham–Chester (Sundays only) Nunthorpe–Hexham (Select journeys only) Middlesbrough–Whitby Middlesbrough–Carlisle (1 in 3 services only)	1987–9
158/0 Express Sprinter		DMU	90	140	35	Express services including: York–Blackpool North Nottingham–Sheffield–Barnsley–Leeds Hull–York Sheffield/Hull–Bridlington/Scarborough Leeds–Carlisle Leeds-Brighouse-Manchester Victoria (Mondays to Saturdays only) Leeds–Bradford–Manchester Victoria Also occasionally seen on the Harrogate Line and other services as a replacement for booked Class 142/144/150s etc.	1989–92
158/9 Express Sprinter		DMU	90	140	10	Express services including: York–Blackpool North Nottingham–Sheffield–Barnsley–Leeds Hull–York Sheffield/Hull–Bridlington/Scarborough Leeds–Carlisle Leeds-Brighouse-Manchester Victoria (Mondays to Saturdays only) Leeds–Bradford–Manchester Victoria Also occasionally seen on the Harrogate Line and other services as a replacement for booked Class 142/144/150s etc.	1989–92
319/3		EMU	100	161	20	Electrified services out of Liverpool Lime Street: Liverpool Lime Street–Manchester Airport/Manchester Victoria/Warrington Bank Quay Liverpool Lime Street–Wigan North Western Liverpool Lime Street/Liverpool South Parkway–Preston Manchester Piccadilly–Manchester Airport	1990
321/9		EMU	100	160	3	Wakefield Line Leeds–Doncaster Also used on peak-time weekday services on the Airedale and Wharfedale lines	1991
322		EMU	100	160	5	Wakefield Line Leeds–Doncaster Also used on peak-time weekday services on the Airedale and Wharfedale lines	1990
323		EMU	90	140	17	Electrified routes in and out of Manchester Piccadilly: Manchester Piccadilly–Alderley Edge/Crewe/Glossop/Hadfield/Hazel Grove/Macclesfield/Manchester Airport/Stoke-on-Trent/Manchester United Football Ground (selected matchdays only)	1992–3
333		EMU	100	160	16	Leeds/Bradford Forster Square- Ilkley (Wharfedale Line) Leeds/Bradford Forster Square-Skipton (Airedale Line) Leeds- Bradford Forster Square	2000

Stations

As of 2009, Northern Rail operated 471 stations; more than any other train operating company in the UK. The number fell to 462 later in the same year following closure of the Oldham Loop Line, and increased to 463 by 2013. New stations include Buckshaw Parkway in 2011 and James Cook in 2014. As of 2013, trains operated by Northern Rail called at 526 stations.

Depots

The depots used by Northern Rail were located at:

• Allerton (AN)
• Blackpool North LMD (BP)
• Barrow-in-Furness (BW) (Overnight cleaning)
• Buxton (BX) (Overnight Cleaning)
• Carlisle Station (Overnight cleaning)
• Heaton (Newcastle upon Tyne) (HT)
• Hull Botanic Gardens (BG)
• Longsight TRSMD (Manchester) (LO)
• Neville Hill (Leeds) (NL)
• Leeds Holbeck - (Light maintenance and Refurbishments)
• Newton Heath TMD (Manchester) (NH)
• Sheffield Station (SM)
• Stockport Carriage Sidings (Light maintenance and cleaning)
• Skipton Broughton Road Carriage sidings (333 Stabling)
• Workington (WK) (overnight cleaning for Cumbrian Coast)
• Wigan Wallgate Carriage Sidings (Overnight cleaning)

Train Crew Depots

• Leeds
• York
• Newcastle
• Darlington (Driver only)
• Middlesbrough (guard only)
• Carlisle
• Workington
• Blackpool North
• Liverpool Lime Street
• Wigan Wallgate
• Manchester Victoria
• Manchester Piccadilly
• Buxton
• Sheffield
• Skipton
• Huddersfield
• Harrogate
• Hull Paragon
• Barrow-in-Furness
• Doncaster

To run the Cleethorpes to Barton service, one class 153 is stabled at Cleethorpes overnight and is cleaned, the train crew which run the service were First TransPennine Express staff.

Criticism

Northern Rail operated a total of 102 Pacer trains, more than any other train operator in Britain. These were built on a low budget during the 1980s recession and the upper body is based on a Leyland National bus. Many passengers were/were unhappy with the ride quality of these trains, noting that they provide an uncomfortable ride, were very noisy when going around bends, and were far too small for the current passengers numbers travelling at peak-time. One politician has even said they were not safe, but this was strongly denied by the company and the government. High fares in non-PTE areas adds to criticism about what some called life-expired trains being used.

Northern Rail had a reputation for its rather tough approach on fare evasion, and was known to take passengers to court for underpaying by a matter of pence even where the company has no concrete proof. Northern Rail tried to prosecute one passenger who they claimed had tried to avoid paying part of his fare but the court case failed, costing Northern over £2,000 in legal fees. The court case was believed to have failed as Northern required some passengers to carry special tickets saying which station they boarded at and tried to use that as evidence of attempting to combat fare evasion by not having passengers paying for shorter journeys than they make. However, any such requirement to force a passenger to produce a special ticket to prove where they boarded would be a breach of the National Rail Conditions of Carriage, to which both passengers and rail operators must adhere.

Due to increased passenger numbers, Northern installed new ticket machines at some stations. However, since these do not sell the full range of tickets, for instance they do not sell Cheap Evening Returns, so that in the evening passengers can pay double the fare that they need to pay for the journey they are making, if they purchase tickets from the machine. Northern Duo tickets were also unavailable from these machines and could only be purchased from an open ticket office or on board the train.

External links

• Media related to at Wikimedia Commons
• Official website

Preceded by Arriva Trains Northern Regional Railways North East franchise	Operator of Northern franchise 2004 - 2016	Succeeded by Northern Northern franchise
Preceded by First North Western North West Regional Railways franchise