Orders of magnitude (pressure)

This article is about static pressure. For sound pressure see orders of magnitude (sound pressure)

This is a tabulated listing of the orders of magnitude in relation to pressure expressed in pascals.

Magnitude	Pressure	lbf/in2 or dB	Item
10−17 Pa	10 aPa		Pressure in outer space in intergalactic voids (the lowest pressure ever measured)
10−15 Pa	1–10 fPa		Pressure in outer space between stars in the Milky Way
10−12 Pa	1 pPa		Lowest pressure obtained in laboratory conditions
10−11 Pa
	40 pPa		Atmosphere of the Moon at lunar day, very approximately (4×10−11 Pa)
10−10 Pa	100 pPa		Atmosphere of Mercury, very approximately (1×10−10 Pa)
	800 pPa		Atmosphere of the Moon at lunar night, very approximately (8×10−10 Pa)
10−9 Pa	< 1 nPa		Vacuum expected in the beam pipe of the Large Hadron Collider's Atlas experiment
	~1 nPa		Approximate solar wind pressure at Earth's distance from the Sun (variable)
10−8 Pa	10 nPa		Pressure inside a vacuum chamber for laser cooling of atoms (magneto-optical trap)
	10–700 nPa		Atmospheric pressure in low Earth orbit
10−7 Pa	100 nPa		Highest pressure still considered ultra-high vacuum
10−6 Pa	1 µPa		Reference pressure for sound in water
	1 µPa		Pressure inside a vacuum tube (very approximate)
10−5 Pa	10 µPa		Radiation pressure of sunlight on a perfectly reflecting surface at the distance of the Earth.
	20 µPa	0 dB	Reference pressure for sound in air
	±20 µPa	0 dB	Threshold of human hearing
10−4 Pa
10−3 Pa	1–100 mPa		Vacuum pressures used for molecular distillation
10−2 Pa
10−1 Pa	100 mPa		Upper limit of high vacuum
	~200 mPa		Atmospheric pressure on Pluto (1988 figure; very roughly)
1 Pa	1 Pa		Pressure exerted by a US dollar bill resting flat on a surface
	1 Pa		Upper limit of molecular distillation, where the mean free path of molecules is larger than the equipment size
10 Pa	10 Pa		Pressure increase per millimeter of a water column at Earth mean sea level
	10 Pa		Pressure due to direct impact of a gentle breeze (~9 mph or 14 km/h)
	86 Pa		Pressure from the weight of a U.S. penny lying flat
102 Pa	±100 Pa	~130 dB	Threshold of pain pressure level for sound. Prolonged exposure may lead to hearing loss.
	100 Pa		Pressure due to direct impact of a strong breeze (~28 mph or 45 km/h)
	120 Pa		Pressure from the weight of a U.S. quarter lying flat
	133 Pa		1 torr ≈ 1 mmHg
	±300 Pa	±0.043 psi	Lung air pressure difference moving the normal breaths of a person (only 0.3% of standard atmospheric pressure)
	400–900 Pa	0.06–0.13 psi	Atmospheric pressure on Mars, < 1% of atmospheric sea-level pressure on Earth
	610 Pa	0.089 psi	Partial vapour pressure at the triple point of water (611.73 Pa)
103 Pa	1–10 kPa		Typical explosion peak overpressure needed to break glass windows (approximate)
	2 kPa		Pressure of popping popcorn (very approximate)
	2.6 kPa	0.38 psi	Pressure to make water boil at room temperature (22 °C) (20 mmHg)
	5 kPa	0.8 psi	Blood pressure fluctuation (40 mmHg) between heartbeats for a typical healthy adult
	6.3 kPa	0.9 psi	Pressure where water boils at normal human body temperature (37 °C), the pressure below which humans absolutely cannot survive (Armstrong limit)
	+9.8 kPa	+1.4 psi	Lung pressure that a typical person can exert (74 mmHg)
104 Pa	10 kPa	1.5 psi	Pressure increase per meter of a water column
	10 kPa	1.5 psi	Decrease in air pressure when going from Earth sea level to 1000 m elevation
	+13 kPa	+1.9 psi	High air pressure for human lung, measured for trumpet player making staccato high notes
	< +16 kPa	+2.3 psi	Systolic blood pressure in a healthy adult while at rest (< 120 mmHg) (gauge pressure)
	+19.3 kPa	+2.8 psi	High end of lung pressure, exertable without injury by a healthy person for brief times
	+34 kPa	+5 psi	Level of long-duration blast overpressure (from a large-scale explosion) that would cause most buildings to collapse
	+70 kPa	+10 psi	Pressure for paint exiting an HVLP (low-pressure) paint spray gun
	70 kPa		Pressure inside an incandescent light bulb
	80 kPa	12 psi	Pressure inside vacuum cleaner at sea level on Earth (80% of standard atmospheric pressure)
	87 kPa	13 psi	Record low atmospheric pressure for typhoon/hurricane (Typhoon Tip in 1979) (only 86% of standard atmospheric pressure)
105 Pa	100 kPa	15 psi	1 bar (14.5 psi), approximately equal to the weight of one kilogram (1 kilopond) acting on one square centimeter
	101 kPa	15 psi	Standard atmospheric pressure for Earth sea level (14.7 psi)
	150 to > 550 kPa	25 to > 80 psi	Impact pressure of a fist punch (approximate)
	+180 to +250 kPa	+26 to +36 psi	Air pressure in an automobile tire relative to atmosphere (gauge pressure)
	+210 to +900 kPa	+30 to +130 psi	Air pressure in a bicycle tire relative to atmosphere (gauge pressure)
		50 psi	Water pressure of a garden hose
	300 to 700 kPa	50–100 psi	Typical water pressure of a municipal water supply in the US
	400 to 600 kPa	60–90 psi	Carbon dioxide pressure in a champagne bottle
	520 kPa	75 psi	Partial vapour pressure at the triple point of carbon dioxide
	+690 to +830 kPa	+100 to +120 psi	Air pressure in a heavy truck/bus tire relative to atmosphere (gauge pressure)
	800 kPa		Vapor pressure of water in a kernel of popcorn when the kernel ruptures
106 Pa	0.8–2 MPa	120–290 psi	Pressure used in boilers of steam locomotives
		162 psi	Pressure of an average human bite
	2.8–8.3 MPa	400–1200 psi	Pressure of carbon dioxide propellant in a paintball gun
		700 psi	Water pressure of the output of a coin-operated car wash spray nozzle
	5 MPa	700 psi	Military submarine max. rated pressure (est.) of Seawolf-class nuclear submarine, at depth of 500 m
	6.9–27 MPa	1000–4000 psi	Water spray pressure used by pressure washers
	9.2 MPa	1300 psi	Atmosphere of Venus (92 bar)
107 Pa	> 10 MPa	> 1500 psi	Pressure exerted by a 45 kg woman wearing stiletto heels when a heel hits the floor
	15 MPa	2200 psi	Power stroke maximum pressure in diesel truck engine when burning fuel
	20 MPa	2900 psi	Typical pressure used for hydrogenolysis reactions
	21 MPa	3000 psi	Pressure of a typical aluminium scuba tank of pressurized air (210 bar)
	21 MPa	3000 psi	Ballistic pressure exerted as high-power bullet strikes a solid bulletproof object
	28 MPa		Overpressure caused by the bomb explosion during the Oklahoma City bombing
	69 MPa	10000 psi	Water pressure withstood by the DSV Shinkai 6500 in visiting ocean depths of > 6500 meters
	70 to 280 MPa	10000 to 40000 psi	Maximal chamber pressure during a pistol firing
108 Pa	110 MPa	16000 psi	Pressure at bottom of Mariana Trench, about 11 km below ocean surface (1100 bar)
	100 to 300 MPa	15000 to 44000 psi	Pressure inside reactor for the synthesis of high-pressure polyethylene (HPPE)
	400 MPa	58000 psi	Chamber pressure of late 1910s .50 Browning machine gun discharge
	240–620 MPa	35000–90000 psi	Water pressure used in a water jet cutter
109 Pa	1 GPa		Extremely high-pressure chemical reactors (10 kbar)
	1.5 GPa		Diamond melts using a 3 kJ laser without turning into graphite first.
	1.5 GPa	220,000 psi	tensile strength of Inconel 625 according to Aircraft metal strength tables and the Mil-Hdbk-5
	5.8 GPa	840,000 psi	Ultimate tensile strength of the polymer Zylon
1010 Pa	10 GPa		Pressure at which octaoxygen forms at room temperature (100,000 bar)
	18 GPa		Pressure needed for the first commercially successful synthesis of diamond
	24 to 110 GPa		Stability range of enstatite in its perovskite-structured polymorph, possibly the most common mineral inside the Earth
	40 GPa		Quantum-mechanical electron degeneracy pressure in a block of copper
	48 GPa		Detonation pressure of pure CL-20, the most powerful high explosive in mass production.
	69 GPa	10,000,000 psi	Highest water jet pressure made in research lab
	96 GPa		Pressure at which metallic oxygen forms (960,000 bar)
1011 Pa	100 GPa		Theoretical tensile strength of a carbon nanotube (CNT)
	130 GPa		Ultimate tensile strength of monolayer graphene
	360 GPa		Pressure inside the core of the Earth (3.64 million bar)
	> 600 GPa		Pressure attainable with a diamond anvil cell
1012 Pa	5 TPa		Pressure generated by the National Ignition Facility fusion reactor
1013 Pa
1014 Pa	540 TPa		Pressure inside an Ivy Mike-like nuclear bomb detonation (5.3 billion bar)
1015 Pa	6.5 PPa		Pressure inside a W80 nuclear warhead detonation (64 billion bar)
1016 Pa	25 PPa		Pressure inside the core of the Sun (250 billion bar)
	57 PPa		Pressure inside a uranium nucleus (8 MeV in a sphere of radius 175 pm)
1029 Pa	2.3×1029 Pa		Pressure inside the core of a white dwarf at the Chandrasekhar limit
1034 Pa	(0.3–16)×1034 Pa		Pressure range inside a neutron star
10113 Pa	4.6×10113 Pa	6.7×10109 psi	The Planck pressure (4.63×10108 bar), not reached except shortly after the Big Bang or in a black hole