Pal Joey (film)

Pal Joey
File:Poster - Pal Joey 01.jpg Theatrical poster
Directed by	George Sidney
Produced by	Fred Kohlmar
Screenplay by	Dorothy Kingsley
Based on	Pal Joey 1940 play Pal Joey 1940 novel by John O'Hara
Starring	Rita Hayworth Frank Sinatra Kim Novak
Music by	Richard Rodgers Lorenz Hart Morris Stoloff (supervision) Nelson Riddle George Duning (arrangements) Arthur Morton (orchestrations)
Cinematography	Harold Lipstein
Edited by	Viola Lawrence Jerome Thoms
Distributed by	Columbia Pictures
Release dates	October 25, 1957 (1957-10-25) (United States)
Running time	109 mins.
Country	United States
Language	English
Box office	$4.7 million (US)

Pal Joey is a 1957 American Technicolor musical film, loosely adapted from the musical play of the same name, and starring Rita Hayworth, Frank Sinatra, and Kim Novak. Jo Ann Greer sang for Hayworth, as she had done previously in Affair in Trinidad and Miss Sadie Thompson. Kim Novak's singing voice was dubbed by Trudy Erwin. George Sidney directed, with the choreography managed by Hermes Pan. Nelson Riddle handled the musical arrangements for the Rodgers and Hart standards "The Lady is a Tramp", "I Didn't Know What Time It Was," "I Could Write a Book" and "There's A Small Hotel."

The film is considered by many critics to be the definitive Sinatra vehicle. Sinatra won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his role as the wise-cracking, hard-bitten Joey Evans. Along with its strong box office success, Pal Joey also earned four Academy Award nominations and one Golden Globe nomination.

Pal Joey is one of Sinatra's few post-From Here to Eternity movies in which he did not receive top billing, which surprisingly went to Hayworth. Sinatra was, by that time, a bigger star, and his title role was predominant. When asked about the billing, Sinatra replied, "Ladies first." He was also quoted as saying that, as it was a Columbia film, Hayworth should have top billing because, "For years, she WAS Columbia Pictures", and that with regard to being billed "between" Hayworth and Novak, "That's a sandwich I don't mind being stuck in the middle of." As Columbia’s biggest star, Hayworth had been top billed in every film since Cover Girl in 1944, but her tenure was soon to end, in 1959 with Gary Cooper in They Came to Cordura.

Plot summary

File:Kim Novak-Pal Joey 3.jpg

Linda English (Kim Novak)

The setting is San Francisco; Joey Evans (Frank Sinatra) is a second-rate singer, a heel known for his womanizing ways (calling women "mice"), but charming and funny. When Joey meets Linda English (Kim Novak), a naive chorus girl, he has stirrings of real feelings. However, that does not stop him from romancing a former flame and ex-stripper (Joey says, "She used to be 'Vera Vanessa the undresser...with the Vanishing Veils'"), now society matron Vera Prentice-Simpson (Rita Hayworth), a wealthy, willful, and lonely widow, in order to convince her to finance his dream, "Chez Joey", a night club of his own.

Soon Joey is involved with Vera, each using the other for his/her own somewhat selfish purposes. But Joey's feelings for Linda are growing. Ultimately, Vera jealously demands that Joey fire Linda. When Joey refuses ("Nobody owns Joey but Joey"), Vera closes down "Chez Joey". Linda visits Vera and agrees to quit in an attempt to keep the club open. Vera then agrees to open the club, and even offers to marry Joey, but Joey rejects Vera. As Joey is leaving for Sacramento, Linda runs after him, offering to go wherever he is headed. After half-hearted refusals, Joey gives in and they walk away together, united.

Cast

• Rita Hayworth as Vera Prentice-Simpson
• Frank Sinatra as "Pal" Joey Evans
• Kim Novak as Linda "The Mouse" English
• Barbara Nichols as Gladys
• Bobby Sherwood as Ned Galvin
• Judy Dan as Hat Check Girl (uncredited)
• Hank Henry as Joe Muggins

Notable changes

The happy ending of the film contrasts with that of the stage musical, where Joey is left alone at the end.

The transformation of Joey into a "nice guy" departed from the stage musical, where Joey's character was notable for being the anti-hero.

The film varies from the stage musical in several other key points: the setting was changed from Chicago to San Francisco, and the stage Joey was a dancer. The plot of the film drops a blackmail attempt and two roles prominent on stage were changed: Melba (a reporter) was cut and Gladys became a minor character. Linda became a naive chorus girl instead of an innocent stenographer and some of the lyrics to "Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered" were changed. Also in the film, Vera Prentice-Simpson is a wealthy widow and former stripper (billed as "Vanessa the Undresser") and thus gets to sing the classic song "Zip". (As that number required an authentic burlesque drummer to mime the bumps and grinds, the extra playing the drums is disconcertingly switched with a professional musician in a jump cut).

Song list

Of the original 14 Rodgers and Hart songs, eight remained, but with two as instrumental background, and four songs were added from other shows.

1. Pal Joey: Main Title
2. "That Terrific Rainbow" - chorus girls and Linda English
3. "I Didn't Know What Time It Was" (introduced in the 1939 musical Too Many Girls) - Joey Evans
4. "Do It the Hard Way" - orchestra and chorus girls
5. "Great Big Town" - Joey Evans and chorus girls
6. "There's a Small Hotel" (introduced in the 1936 musical On Your Toes) - Joey Evans
7. "Zip" - Vera Simpson
8. "I Could Write a Book" - Joey Evans and Linda English
9. "The Lady Is a Tramp" (introduced in the 1937 musical Babes in Arms) - Joey Evans
10. "Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered" - Vera Simpson
11. "Plant You Now, Dig You Later" - orchestra
12. "My Funny Valentine" (introduced in the 1937 musical Babes in Arms) - Linda English
13. "You Mustn't Kick It Around" - orchestra
14. Strip Number - "I Could Write a Book" -Linda English
15. Dream Sequence and Finale: "What Do I Care for a Dame"/"Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered"/"I Could Write a Book" - Joey Evans

Soundtrack

Some of the recordings on the soundtrack album featuring Sinatra only are not the same songs that appeared in the film. "The Lady Is a Tramp" is a mono-only outtake from Sinatra's 1957 album A Swingin' Affair!, while three others ("There's a Small Hotel," "Bewitched," and "I Could Write a Book") were recorded in mono only at Capitol Studios. "I Didn't Know What Time It Was" appeared in an odd hybrid: The first half of the song was recorded at Columbia Pictures but differs from the version used in the film, while the second half is the same as used in the film, also recorded at Columbia. "What Do I Care for a Dame" is the film version, as recorded at Columbia. The Sinatra songs as they appear in the film as well as those performed by Rita Hayworth and Kim Novak (both were dubbed), Jo Ann Greer (Hayworth) and Trudi Erwin (Novak) were recorded at Columbia Pictures studios in true stereo.

Chart positions

Chart	Year	Peak position
UK Albums Chart	1958	1

Preceded by The King and I by Original Soundtrack The King and I by Original Soundtrack

UK Albums Chart number-one album 2 February 1958 - 22 March 1958 29 March 1958 - 26 April 1958

Succeeded by The King and I by Original Soundtrack The Duke Wore Jeans by Original Soundtrack

Critical reception and box office

Opening to positive reviews on October 25, 1957, Pal Joey was an instant success with critics and the general public alike. The Variety review summarized: "Pal Joey is a strong, funny entertainment. Dorothy Kingsley's screenplay, from John O'Hara's book, is skillful rewriting, with colorful characters and solid story built around the Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart songs. Total of 14 tunes are intertwined with the plot, 10 of them being reprised from the original. Others by the same team of cleffers are 'I Didn't Know What Time It Was', 'The Lady Is a Tramp', 'There's a Small Hotel' and 'Funny Valentine'."

The New York Times commented, "This is largely Mr. Sinatra's show...he projects a distinctly bouncy likeable personality into an unusual role. And his rendition of the top tunes, notably "The Lady Is a Tramp" and "Small Hotel," gives added lustre to these indestructible standards."

With box office receipts of $4.7 million, Pal Joey was ranked by Variety as one of the ten highest earning films of 1957.

Awards and nominations

Wins in bold

Academy Awards

• Best Art Direction/Set Decoration: Walter Holscher, William Kiernan and Louis Diage
• Best Costume Design: Jean Louis
• Best Film Editing: Viola Lawrence and Jerome Thoms
• Best Sound, Recording: Columbia Studio Sound Department, John P. Livadary, Sound Director

Golden Globes

• Best Film, Musical or Comedy
• Best Actor, Musical or Comedy: Frank Sinatra

Writers Guild of America

• Best Written American Musical

See also

• List of American films of 1957

External links

• Pal Joey at IMDb
• Pal Joey at the TCM Movie Database
• Pal Joey at AllMovie
• Pal Joey at the American Film Institute Catalog