Paul Ernst (German writer)
Karl Friedrich Paul Ernst (7 March 1866 – 13 May 1933) was a German writer, dramatist, critic and journalist. He was called "the undisputed master of the German short story."[1]
Biography
Paul Ernst was born at Elbingerode, Kingdom of Hanover, the son of the mine supervisor Johann Christian Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst and his wife Emma Auguste Henriette Dittmann. He was baptized on March 18, 1866. Ernst spent his youth in Clausthal and from 1876 attended the local grammar school in Graupenstraße. As he did not get along with the Gymnasium, he transferred to the Gymnasium of Nordhausen in 1884, where he passed the examination one year later. He then studied theology and philosophy at the universities of Göttingen and Tübingen. Further studies of literature and history in Berlin followed. In 1892, he received his doctorate in Bern. He became a member of the progressive Berlin literary association "Durch".
He joined the workers' movement at an early age and became a member of the SPD, from which, however, he resigned in 1896. In the Berliner Volksblatt,[2] Friedrich Engels characterized him as a superficial and snivelling opportunist. In the absence of international class struggle in the period before and during the world war and in the reproduction process of capital, Ernst saw the collapse of Marxism.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Paul Ernst stayed in Weimar. During this time he wrote numerous dramas and stories. In 1905/1906, he worked as a dramaturge at the Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus. Later he devoted himself entirely to his literary work as a freelance writer. In 1916, he married the writer Else von Schorn.
Writings
His literary oeuvre is very extensive and varied. It includes novels, short stories and novellas as well as dramas, essays and epics. While his early works can still be classified as naturalistic, his later writings, especially those of the 1920s, are part of the neo-classical movement, of which Paul Ernst is one of the main representatives.
In 1933, Paul Ernst received the Goethe Medal for Art and Science. He had already received the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art in 1930.
Together with Wilhelm von Scholz, he published a comedy under the pseudonym "P. W. Spassmöller".
Works
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Short stories and novellas
- Sechs Geschichten (1900)
- Der Tod des Cosimo (1912)
- Die Hochzeit (1913)
- Prinzessin des Ostens (1918)
- Komödianten- und Spitzbubengeschichten (1920)
- Occultistische Novellen (1922)
- Der weiße Rosenbusch. Geschichten (1953)
- Geschichten von Deutschen Menschen. In: Flensburger Ganzschriften, No. 19 (1954)
Novels
- Der schmale Weg zum Glück (1904)
- Die selige Insel (1909)
- Grün aus Trümmern (1923)
- Der Schatz im Morgenbrotstal (1926)
- Saat auf Hoffnung (1928)
- Das Glück von Lautenthal (1933)
Plays
- Lumpenbagasch (1898)
- Im Chambre Séparée (1899)
- Die schnelle Verlobung (1899)
- Wenn die Blätter fallen (1899)
- Demetrios (1905)
- Eine Nacht in Florenz: Lustspiel in vier Aufzügen (1905)
- Ariadne auf Naxos. Ein Schauspiel in drei Aufzügen (1912)
- Canossa
- Brunhild. Fünf Traktate in Versen
- Childerich
- Chriemhild
- Preußengeist (1915)
Essays
- Leo Tolstoi und der slavische Roman (1889)
- Henrik Ibsen (1904)
- Der Weg zur Form (1906)
- Das deutsche Volk und der Dichter von heute (1933)
- Ein Credo (1935)
Poetry
- Polymeter (1898)
- Beten und Arbeiten (1932)
Memoirs and diary
- Jugenderinnerungen (1928; 1959)
- Tagebuch eines Dichters (1934)
Political writings
- Die Arbeiterschutzgesetzgebung und ihre internationale Regelung (1890)
- Die gesellschaftliche Reproduction des Capitals bei gesteigerter Productivität der Arbeit (1893; dissertation)
- Der Zusammenbruch des deutschen Idealismus. An die Jugend (1918)
- Der Zusammenbruch des Marxismus (1919)
- Grundlagen der neuen Gesellschaft (1929)
Translated into English
- Selected Short Stories (1962; edited by W. Walker Chambers)
Collected works
- Gesammelte Werke (1928–1942; 21 volumes)
Notes
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References
- "Ernst, Paul". In: Ingrid Adam & Gisela Preuß, eds., Meyers Handbuch über die Literatur. Ein Lexikon der Dichter und Schriftsteller aller Literaturen. Mannheim: Bibliographisches Institut (1970), pp. 270–71.
- "Paul Ernst". In: Das kleine Buch der Dichterbilder (= Die kleine Bücherei). München: Albert Langen / Georg Müller (1938), p. 11.
- Paul Ernst heute. Emsdetten: Lechte (1980).
- Else Ernst, Leben mit dem Dichter Paul Ernst auf dem Einödhof Sonnenhofen bei Königsdorf in Oberbayern 1918 bis 1925. Sandersdorf: Renneritz-Verl. (2008).
- Jutta Bucquet-Radczewski, Die neuklassische Tragödie bei Paul Ernst (1900–1910). Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann (1993).
- Hildegard Châtellier, Verwerfung der Bürgerlichkeit. Wandlungen des Konservatismus am Beispiel Paul Ernsts. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann (2002).
- Michael Fisch, "Es kenne mich die Welt, auf dass sie mir verzeihe" : Aufsätze zu Adelbert von Chamisso (1781-1838), Paul Ernst (1866-1933) und Hubert Fichte (1935-1986). Berlin: Weidler (2015).
- Norbert Fuerst, Paul Ernst. Der Haudegen des Geistes. München: Nymphenburger (1985).
- Zoë Ghyselinck, Form und Formauflösung der Tragödie. Die Poetik des Tragischen und der Tragödie als religiöses Erneuerungsmuster in den Schriften Paul Ernsts. Berlin: De Gruyter (2015).
- Günter Hartung, Über Dichtungen von Paul Ernst (1866-1933): neun analytische Studien. Leipzig: Leipziger Universitätsverlag.
- Wolfgang Heilmann, "Ernst, Karl Friedrich Paul". In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). 4. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot (1959), pp. 629–31.
- Beate Hörr, Tragödie und Ideologie. Tragödienkonzepte in Spanien und Deutschland in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts (= Epistemata; Reihe Literaturwissenschaft. 222). Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann (1997).
- Paul Hübscher, Der Einfluss von Johann Wolfgang Goethe und Paul Ernst auf Ludwig Wittgenstein (= Europäische Hochschulschriften; Reihe 20, Philosophie. 185). Bern: Lang (1985).
- Helmut Olles, ed., "Paul Ernst". In: Literaturlexikon 20. Jahrhundert. 1. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag (1971), pp. 248–49.
- Adolf Potthoff, Paul Ernst. Einführung in sein Leben und Werk. München: Albert Langen / Georg Müller (1935).
- Horst Thomé, Paul Ernst. Außenseiter und Zeitgenosse. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann (2002).
- Georg Noth, Paul Ernst und die Erneuerung des Christentums. Merseburg: Stollberg (1997).
- Alexander Reck, ed., Briefwechsel Paul Ernst, Will Vesper, 1919-1933: Einführung, Edition, Kommentar. Würzburg: Königshausen und Neumann (2003).
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paul Ernst. |
- Official website
- Works by Paul Ernst at Hathi Trust
- Works by Paul Ernst at German National Library
- Works by Paul Ernst at Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek
- Works by Paul Ernst at Open Library
- Works by Paul Ernst at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- Newspaper clippings about Paul Ernst in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
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- 1866 births
- 1933 deaths
- 19th-century German dramatists and playwrights
- 20th-century German dramatists and playwrights
- 19th-century German male writers
- German political journalists
- German male dramatists and playwrights
- People from Oberharz am Brocken
- People from the Kingdom of Hanover